Qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho tratadas com inseticidas e armazenadas em diferentes temperaturas

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the industrial treatment with insecticides on the physiological quality of corn (Zea mays) seeds during storage at different temperatures. Seeds of the BM 950 PRO3 and BM 709 PRO2 hybrids were subjected to industrial treatment with insecticides based on chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, and clothianidin, as well as to a control, and stored at different temperatures (10, 20, and 30°C) for 0, 90, 180, 270, and 360 days, in a 4x3x5 factorial arrangement for each hybrid, in a completely randomized design. To evaluate the quality of the seeds, tests of moisture content, germination, seedling emergence, accelerated aging, and cold were performed. For the seeds of both hybrids, germination is preserved at minimum commercialization standards for up to 360 days of storage, regardless of the insecticide or storage temperature. The temperature of 10°C preserves seed vigor and minimizes the negative effects caused by the insecticides during storage. At 20 and 30°C, vigor is cumulatively impaired as storage is extended, mainly at 30°C. Chlorantraniliprole results in a greater preservation of seed vigor regardless of storage temperature, whereas clothianidin provides a greater loss of vigor in industrially treated corn seeds, especially when stored at 30°C.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento industrial com inseticidas sobre a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho (Zea mays) ao longo do armazenamento, em diferentes temperaturas. Sementes dos híbridos BM 950 PRO3 e BM 709 PRO2 foram submetidas ao tratamento industrial com inseticidas à base de clorantraniliprole, ciantraniliprole e clotianidina, além de a um controle, e armazenadas em diferentes temperaturas (10, 20 e 30°C) por 0, 90, 180, 270 e 360 dias, em arranjo fatorial 4x3x5 para cada híbrido, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Para avaliar a qualidade das sementes, foram realizados testes de grau de umidade, germinação, emergência de plântulas, envelhecimento acelerado e de frio. Para as sementes dos dois híbridos, a germinação é preservada nos padrões mínimos de comercialização por até 360 dias de armazenamento, independentemente do inseticida ou da temperatura de armazenamento. A temperatura de 10°C preserva o vigor das sementes e minimiza os efeitos negativos causados pelos inseticidas durante o armazenamento. A 20 e 30°C, o vigor é cumulativamente prejudicado à medida que o armazenamento é prolongado, principalmente a 30°C. O clorantraniliprole resulta em maior preservação do vigor da semente, independentemente da temperatura de armazenamento, enquanto a clotianidina proporciona maior perda de vigor em sementes de milho tratadas industrialmente, especialmente quando armazenadas a 30°C

Evaluating the psychometric properties of the iconographical falls efficacy scale (ICON-FES)

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the construct and content validity of the Iconographical Falls Efficacy Scale (Icon-FES) in order to measure the fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: The Icon-FES was applied to 333 older adults. An exploratory factor analysis was performed to assess internal consistency. Item response theory (IRT) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to evaluate the consistency of the questionnaire and whether it corresponded satisfactorily to the construct ‘‘concern about falling.’’ Concurrent validity with the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) and convergent validity with the Senior Fitness Test (SFT) were also assessed. Receiving operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: The structural model of the 30-item and 10-item Icon-FES showed some theoretical fragility. The final model of the new short version of the Icon-FES consisted of 13 items, yielding a theoretically satisfactory structural model. Validity analyses indicated that the 13-item Icon-FES had a moderate relationship with the SFT, a strong relationship with the FES-I, and good sensitivity and specificity for a history of falls. CONCLUSION: The 13-item Icon-FES has excellent psychometric properties for measuring fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults. It can be recommended as a screening tool for fear of falling for both research and clinical purposes

Expression of osteoblastic phenotype in periodontal ligament fibroblasts cultured in three-dimensional collagen gel

Objective : To investigate the influence of a three-dimensional cell culture model on the expression of osteoblastic phenotype in human periodontal ligament fibroblast (hPDLF) cultures. Material and Methods : hPDLF were seeded on bi-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) collagen type I (experimental groups) and and on a plastic coverslip (control) for up to 14 days. Cell viability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were performed. Also, cell morphology and immunolabeling for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteopontin (OPN) were assessed by epifluorescence and confocal microscopy. The expression of osteogenic markers, including alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, osteocalcin (OC), collagen I (COL I) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Mineralized bone-like nodule formation was visualized by microscopy and calcium content was assessed quantitatively by alizarin red assay. Results : Experimental cultures produced an increase in cell proliferation. Immunolabeling for OPN and ALP in hPDLF were increased and ALP activity was inhibited by three-dimensional conditions. OPN and RUNX2 gene expression was significantly higher on 3D culture when compared with control surface. Moreover, ALP and COL I gene expression were significantly higher in three-dimensional collagen than in 2D cultures at 7 days. However, at 14 days, 3D cultures exhibited ALP and COL I gene expression significantly lower than the control, and the COL I gene expression was also significantly lower in 3D than in 2D cultures. Significant calcium mineralization was detected and quantified by alizarin red assay, and calcified nodule formation was not affected by tridimensionality. Conclusion : This study suggests that the 3D cultures are able to support hPDLF proliferation and favor the differentiation and mineralized matrix formation, which may be a potential periodontal regenerative therapy

Vulnerability Factors for Emergency Planning of the Angra dos Reis Nuclear Power Complex - RJ

The Angra dos Reis nuclear power complex, on the southern coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, has in its geographic space different aspects that integrate the environmental dynamics of its area of influence, where geological, meteorological and demographic factors characterize the region as an environment complex, especially with the projection of emergency actions from an accidental event, especially from the point of view of the evacuation of the population in the impacted areas, presenting particularities that contribute to act as a negative impact in emergency situations, mainly in the phase response to a possible accident. With the support of geographic information systems (GIS), analyzes were made between the susceptibility to landslides and their occurrences (inventory of years 2007-2011), associating the rainfall regime and population density, aspects that demonstrate the vulnerability of the region, especially along the BR-101 highway, with the potential to render escape routes unfeasible in critical situations. The integrated analysis of these factors pointed out that, together, such elements are important bottlenecks for emergency situations in the region, and should be included as critical factors to be analyzed in order to contribute to subsidize actions and guidelines that should be applied in local emergency plannin

O custo de soluções alcalinas em sessões de hemodiálise ambulatorial: uma análise sobre o desperdício a partir do controle dos processos

-Introdução: São escassos estudos dos custos dos insumos consumidos em hemodiálise e, dentre estes gastos, os compostos que compõem o dialisato estão entre os valores considerados como representativos nessa terapia. Contudo, não foram encontrados estudos que orientem sobre o comportamento de custos dessas soluções. Objetivo: O objetivo do artigo é avaliar se há desperdício no consumo de soluções alcalinas em hemodiálise ambulatorial e, consequentemente, a possibilidade de redução no custo a partir da simulação de padronização no processo de estabelecimento do fluxo do dialisato nos períodos entre turnos em sessões de hemodiálise ambulatorial. Métodos: Partindo de um estudo observacional analítico, foi realizada uma simulação de 20 cenários, sendo 10 estabelecidos pela padronização dos processos de controle no fluxo do dialisato nos intervalos das sessões. A combinação dos dados foi realizada tomando por base os preços de três fornecedores de soluções alcalinas líquidas ou em pó. Resultados: Observou-se, dentre os cenários com processos padronizados, uma variação entre 7,7% e 33,3% de economia no custo da solução alcalina (em pó ou líquida), pela redução do desperdício. Conclusão: É possível refrear o desperdício no uso de soluções alcalinas, tanto em pó quanto líquidas e, consequentemente, seus custos, a partir da padronização na redução do fluxo de dialisato durante os intervalos verificados entre os turnos na hemodiálise ambulatorial. Todavia, estes resultados estão condicionados ao comprometimento de profissionais de saúde, principalmente no que tange ao exercício da supervisão e controle das atividades no desdobramento da função qualidade

An alternative approach to conducting germination tests on chemically treated and untreated stored cotton seeds

Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of incorporating vermiculite into germination tests for both chemically treated and untreated stored cotton seeds. To that end, two independent experiments were conducted using cotton seeds of the cultivar DP1746B2RF under chemical treatment with a mixture of fungicide, insecticides, and nematicide; and both experiments were set up in a completely randomized design with four replications. In Experiment 1, the objective was to determine the ideal water volume for moistening the vermiculite. Four water volumes were used: 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 times the weight of the dry vermiculite. Experiment 2 was conducted in a 2 × 2 × 2 triple factorial arrangement consisting of two substrates (germitest paper and germitest paper + vermiculite), two treatments (chemically treated seeds and untreated seeds), and two storage periods (0 and 150 days). First germination count and germination were evaluated in the two experiments. From the results found in Experiment 1, the water volume corresponding to 3.0 times the weight of the vermiculite provided the best conditions for germination. In Experiment 2, the most appropriate substrate for conducting the germination test of untreated and chemically treated cotton seeds is vermiculite, which led to rapid germination and uniform seedling development

Avaliação físico-química de turus (Bivalvia: teredinidae) de Curuçá, Pará, Brasil/ Physical and chemical evaluation of turus (Bivalvia: teredinidae) of Curuçá, Pará, Brazil

Esse trabalho teve o objetivo de caracterizar turus, por meio de análises no molusco cru, após cocção e no caldo resultante deste processo. Foram coletados 2,23 Kg de turu em Pedras Grandes, Pará, mantidos em gelo imediatamente após coleta e transportados até o Laboratório de Processamento e Análises Químicas de Alimentos da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, onde as estruturas não comestíveis foram removidas. A quantidade de amostra total em cada mês era dividida em duas partes iguais: a primeira foi processada crua e a segunda após cozimento em 250 mL de água destilada durante dois minutos; seguiram-se então as análises físico-químicas e químicas. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a avaliação estatística para verificar diferenças entre os tratamentos (cru e cozido). Os resultados obtidos foram: proteína (5,16±1,80% e 7,34±1,36%), umidade (83,89±0,03% e 81,22±0,08%), cinzas ou resíduo mineral fixo (0,19±0,01% e 0,35±0,01%), pH (6,48±0,33 e 6,57±0,34), acidez (0,004±0,001% e 0,003±0,001%), prova de amônia (negativo), em molusco cru e cozido, respectivamente; o teor de cálcio no caldo foi igual a 3,2 mg Ca 2+ em 100 mL de caldo. O estudo demonstrou diferenças apenas entre as médias de proteína; percentual de umidade dentro da faixa normal para pescado, baixo teor de cinzas, pH dentro do estabelecido pela legislação brasileira; o turu mostrou-se um alimento de baixa acidez e sem indicativo de amônia no músculo; a avaliação do teor de cálcio no caldo indicou um valor também baixo para este parâmetro, segundo as recomendações para ingestão diária deste mineral

Recomendações para o tratamento da crise migranosa - Um consenso brasileiro

In this article, a group of experts in headache management of the Brazilian Headache Society developed through a consensus strategic measurements to treat a migraine attack in both the child and the adult. Particular emphasis was laid on the treatment of migraine in women, including at pregnancy, lactation and perimenstrual period.Neste artigo um grupo de especialistas no tratamento de cefaleia da Sociedade Brasileira de Cefaleia através de um consenso elaborou medidas estratérgicas para tratar uma crise de migrânea tanto na criança como no adulto. Uma enfase particular foi dada no tratamento da migranea na mulher, incluindo gravidez, lactação e período perimenstrual.74326227

Integrating the pastoral component in agricultural systems

This paper aims to discuss the impact of the introduction of pastures and grazing animals in agricultural systems. For the purposes of this manuscript, we focus on within-farm integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS), typical of Southern Brazil. These ICLS are designed to create and enhance the synergisms and emergent properties have arisen from agricultural areas where livestock activities are integrated with crops. We show that the introduction of the crop component will affect less the preceding condition than the introduction of the livestock component. While the introduction of crops in pastoral systems represents increasing diversity of the plant component, the introduction of animals would represent the entry of new flows and interactions within the system. Thus, given the new complexity levels achieved from the introduction of grazing, the probability of arising emergent properties is theoretically much higher. However, grazing management is vital in determining the success or failure of such initiative. The grazing intensity practiced during the pasture phase would affect the canopy structure and the forage availability to animals. In adequate and moderate grazing intensities, it is possible to affirm that livestock combined with crops (ICLS) has a potential positive impact. As important as the improvements that grazing animals can generate to the soil-plant components, the economic resilience remarkably increases when pasture rotations are introduced compared with purely agriculture systems, particularly in climate-risk situations. Thus, the integration of the pastoral component can enhance the sustainable intensification of food production, but it modifies simple, pure agricultural systems into more complex and knowledge-demanding production systems