Antimicrobial evaluation of gelatin–based films incorporated with chitosan in the conservation of fish fillets / Avaliação antimicrobiana de filmes à base de gelatina incorporados com quitosano na conservação de filtes de peixe

Materials obtained from biodegradable polymers can be an alternative to reduce the environmental impact caused by petroleum–derived polymers. Materials of different origins have been considered as a raw material with technical and economic feasibility for the development of packaging films. However, it is required that these alternative materials, in addition to being biodegradable, have beneficial properties in food preservation. In this context, biodegradable films based on fish gelatin, and fish gelatin with chitosan incorporation, were prepared and characterized in terms of their mechanical properties (tensile strength (TS) and elongation (E)), permeation (WVP), and antimicrobial activity in the conservation of tilapia fillets (Tilapia rendalli). Regarding the mechanical and permeation properties, the results showed that the incorporation of chitosan to the gelatin films promotes an increase in TS and E, and a reduction in WVP. As for the antimicrobial property in the conservation of tilapia fillets, both films showed satisfactory activity against the pathogenic microorganism Staphylococcus aureus. These results indicate that fish gelatin–based films with chitosan incorporation are promising as active packaging in the conservation of fish fillets

Diagnóstico precoce da Taquicardiomiopatia com melhora da fração de ejeção: um relato de caso: Early diagnosis of Tachycardiomyopathy with improved ejection fraction: a case report

A taquicardiomiopatia caracteriza-se por disfunção ventricular sistólica e insuficiência cardíaca ocasionadas por taquiarritmias ventriculares ou supraventriculares persistentes com elevada frequência cardíaca, podendo evoluir a taquicardia e fibrilação ventriculares de acordo com a gravidade da arritmia

Abordagem endovascular na terapêutica da coarctação de aorta / Endovascular approach in aortic coarctation therapy

INTRODUÇÃO: A coarctação de aorta (CoA) é uma cardiopatia congênita que se define por um estreitamento da aorta, com altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Os procedimentos de tratamento disponíveis incluem cirurgia e dilatação de balão endovascular com ou sem colocação de stent. O atual manejo endovascular da doença da aorta torácica conseguiu diminuir a mortalidade de 40% para 14%.METODOLOGIA: Foi realizada a busca por literaturas nas bases de dados MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS e SciELO. Utilizou-se o recorte temporal entre os anos de 2011 e 2021 e os descritores “Coarctação Aórtica”, “Procedimentos Endovasculares” e “Terapêutica”. Foram selecionados artigos que melhor se encaixavam na busca.RESULTADOS: O tratamento endovascular reduziu significativamente a morbidade intra-hospitalar e pós-operatória quando comparado a outras técnicas de tratamento.DISCUSSÃO: O tratamento cirúrgico de coarctação da aorta está associado a complicações potenciais, como aneurisma, hipertensão e doença cerebral crônica durante o período de acompanhamento. Diante disso, o desejo de reduzir a morbimortalidade associada ao procedimento cirúrgico motivou a terapia endovascular para a doença. Ambas as opções de tratamento da CoA possuem particularidades que devem ser levadas em consideração no tratamento dessa patologia.CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento endovascular apresentou benefícios em relação ao tratamento cirúrgico, visto que houve a redução das complicações, morbidade intra-hospitalar e pós-operatória

Inflammatory, synaptic, motor, and behavioral alterations induced by gestational sepsis on the offspring at different stages of life

Abstract: Background: The term sepsis is used to designate a systemic condition of infection and inflammation associated with hemodynamic changes that result in organic dysfunction. Gestational sepsis can impair the development of the central nervous system and may promote permanent behavior alterations in the offspring. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of maternal sepsis on inflammatory cytokine levels and synaptic proteins in the hippocampus, neocortex, frontal cortex, and cerebellum of neonatal, young, and adult mice. Additionally, we analyzed the motor development, behavioral features, and cognitive impairments in neonatal, young and adult offspring. Methods: Pregnant mice at the 14th embryonic day (E14) were intratracheally instilled with saline 0.9% solution (control group) or Klebsiella spp. (3 × 108 CFU) (sepsis group) and started on meropenem after 5 h. The offspring was sacrificed at postnatal day (P) 2, P8, P30, and P60 and samples of liver, lung, and brain were collected for TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 measurements by ELISA. Synaptophysin, PSD95, and β-tubulin levels were analyzed by Western blot. Motor tests were performed at all analyzed ages and behavioral assessments were performed in offspring at P30 and P60. Results: Gestational sepsis induces a systemic pro-inflammatory response in neonates at P2 and P8 characterized by an increase in cytokine levels. Maternal sepsis induced systemic downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while in the hippocampus, neocortex, frontal cortex, and cerebellum an inflammatory response was detected. These changes in the brain immunity were accompanied by a reduction of synaptophysin and PSD95 levels in the hippocampus, neocortex, frontal cortex, and cerebellum, in all ages. Behavioral tests demonstrated motor impairment in neonates, and depressive-like behavior, fear-conditioned memory, and learning impairments in animals at P30 and P60, while spatial memory abilities were affected only at P60, indicating that gestational sepsis not only induces an inflammatory response in neonatal mouse brains, but also affects neurodevelopment, and leads to a plethora of behavioral alterations and cognitive impairments in the offspring. Conclusion: These data suggest that maternal sepsis may be causatively related to the development of depression, learning, and memory impairments in the litter

Malformações Arteriovenosa Cerebrais: uma revisão bibliográfica / Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations: a bibliographic review

Esse estudo foi realizado com o intuito de realizar uma revisão sistemática dentro da literatura cientifica para poder melhor organizar o raciocínio clínicos quanto ao diagnóstico, tratamento e consequências de pacientes portadores de Malformações Arteriovenosa Cerebrais (MAV), uma vez que seu diagnóstico não é fácil de se realizar e a abordagem terapêutica varia de individuo em indivíduo. Contudo, entende-se que o MAV pode ser um dos diagnósticos diferenciais para tratamento de outras patologias através da apresentação da sintomatologia apresentadas pelo paciente admitidos em pronto atendimentos e que procuram clínicas de neurologia e/ou neurocirurgia para tratamento das sintomatologias mais brandas

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio