Electronic structure of the ferromagnetic superconductor UCoGe from first principles

The superconductor UCoGe is analyzed with electronic structure calculations using Linearized Augmented Plane Wave method based on Density Functional Theory. Ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic calculations with and without correlations (via LDA+U) were done. In this compound the Fermi level is situated in a region where the main contribution to DOS comes from the U-5f orbital. The magnetic moment is mainly due to the Co-3d orbital with a small contribution from the U-5f orbital. The possibility of fully non-collinear magnetism in this compound seems to be ruled out. These results are compared with the isostructural compound URhGe, in this case the magnetism comes mostly from the U-5f orbital

The loss of anisotropy in MgB2 with Sc substitution and its relationship with the critical temperature

The electrical conductivity anisotropy of the sigma-bands is calculated for the (Mg,Sc)B2 system using a virtual crystal model. Our results reveal that anisotropy drops with relatively little scandium content (< 30%); this behaviour coincides with the lowering of Tc and the reduction of the Kohn anomaly. This anisotropy loss is also found in the Al and C doped systems. In this work it is argued that the anisotropy, or 2D character, of the sigma-bands is an important parameter for the understanding of the high Tc found in MgB2

Influence of carbon on intraband scattering in Mg(B1-xCx)2

We report data on the Hall coefficient (RH) of the carbon substituted Mg(B1-xCx)2 single crystals with x in the range from 0 to 0.1. The temperature dependences of RH obtained for the substituted crystals differ systematically at low temperatures, but all of them converge to the value of 1.8 x 10^-10 m^3/C at room temperature. The RH(T) data together with results of the thermoelectric power and electrical resistivity measurements are interpreted within a quasi-classical transport approach, where the presence of four different conducting sheets is considered. The main influence of the carbon substitution on the transport properties in the normal state is associated with enhanced scattering rates, rather than modified concentration of charge carriers. Presumably the carbon substitution increases the electron-impurity scattering mainly in the pi band.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure

Arang Eceng Gondok (Eichornia Crassipes) sebagai Adsorben Fenol pada Limbah PLTU Palu

This study aims to determine the optimum capacity and weight of water hyacinth aroma to the adsorption capacity of phenol in Palu PLTU waste. The steps taken in this research are a sampling of PLTU waste, making of adsorbent, determination of phenol concentration in PLTU waste and determination of phenol concentration at equilibrium using a Spektrodirect spectrophotometer. The adsorption capacity of water hyacinth at optimum condition of phenol was determined by weight variations of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg. The resulting result after adsorption process for adsorption weight at the weight of charcoal 10 mg = 82.78%, 20 mg = 89.13%, 30 mg = 85.49%, 40 mg = 79.72% and 50 mg = 74, 42 %. The optimum weight of charcoal in phenol absorb is 20 mg with% phenol which is absorbed 89.13%. The capacity of adsorbent hailing of water hyacinth scent at optimum condition of 3.03 mg phenol/g of adsorbent

Expression and function of the bHLH genes ALCATRAZ and SPATULA in selected Solanaceae species

[EN] The genetic mechanisms underlying fruit development have been identified in Arabidopsis and have been comparatively studied in tomato as a representative of fleshy fruits. However, comparative expression and functional analyses on the bHLH genes downstream the genetic network, ALCATRAZ (ALC) and SPATULA (SPT), which are involved in the formation of the dehiscence zone in Arabidopsis, have not been functionally studied in the Solanaceae. Here, we perform detailed expression and functional studies of ALC/SPT homologs in Nicotiana obtusifolia with capsules, and in Capsicum annuum and Solanum lycopersicum with berries. In Solanaceae, ALC and SPT genes are expressed in leaves, and all floral organs, especially in petal margins, stamens and carpels; however, their expression changes during fruit maturation according to the fruit type. Functional analyses show that downregulation of ALC/SPT genes does not have an effect on gynoecium patterning; however, they have acquired opposite roles in petal expansion and have been co-opted in leaf pigmentation in Solanaceae. In addition, ALC/SPT genes repress lignification in time and space during fruit development in Solanaceae. Altogether, some roles of ALC and SPT genes are different between Brassicaceae and Solanaceae; while the paralogs have undergone some subfunctionalization in the former they are mostly redundant in the latter.This work was funded by COLCIENCIAS (111565842812), the iCOOP + 2016 COOPB20250 from the Centro Superior de Investigación Científica, CSIC, the ExpoSeed (H2020.MSCA-RISE-2015-691109) EU grant, the Convocatoria Programáticas 2017-16302, and the Estrategia de Sostenibilidad 2018-2019, from the Universidad de Antioquia. 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Pigment distribution, light reflection and cell structure in petals. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 83(1), 57-83. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1981.tb00129.xLiljegren, S. J., Ditta, G. S., Eshed, Y., Savidge, B., Bowman, J. L., & Yanofsky, M. F. (2000). SHATTERPROOF MADS-box genes control seed dispersal in Arabidopsis. Nature, 404(6779), 766-770. doi:10.1038/35008089Liljegren, S. J., Roeder, A. H. ., Kempin, S. A., Gremski, K., Østergaard, L., Guimil, S., … Yanofsky, M. F. (2004). Control of Fruit Patterning in Arabidopsis by INDEHISCENT. Cell, 116(6), 843-853. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(04)00217-xLiu, E., & Page, J. E. (2008). Optimized cDNA libraries for virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) using tobacco rattle virus. Plant Methods, 4(1), 5. doi:10.1186/1746-4811-4-5Liu, Y., Schiff, M., Marathe, R., & Dinesh-Kumar, S. P. (2002). Tobacco Rar1, EDS1 and NPR1/NIM1 like genes are required for N-mediated resistance to tobacco mosaic virus. 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(2012). Poppy APETALA1/FRUITFULL Orthologs Control Flowering Time, Branching, Perianth Identity, and Fruit Development    . Plant Physiology, 158(4), 1685-1704. doi:10.1104/pp.111.192104Pan, I. L., McQuinn, R., Giovannoni, J. J., & Irish, V. F. (2010). Functional diversification of AGAMOUS lineage genes in regulating tomato flower and fruit development. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61(6), 1795-1806. doi:10.1093/jxb/erq046Penfield, S., Josse, E.-M., Kannangara, R., Gilday, A. D., Halliday, K. J., & Graham, I. A. (2005). Cold and Light Control Seed Germination through the bHLH Transcription Factor SPATULA. Current Biology, 15(22), 1998-2006. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2005.11.010Pires, N., & Dolan, L. (2009). Origin and Diversification of Basic-Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in Plants. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 27(4), 862-874. doi:10.1093/molbev/msp288Rajani, S., & Sundaresan, V. (2001). The Arabidopsis myc/bHLH gene ALCATRAZ enables cell separation in fruit dehiscence. 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Flowering of strict photoperiodic Nicotiana varieties in non-inductive conditions by transgenic approaches. Plant Molecular Biology, 65(3), 233-242. doi:10.1007/s11103-007-9211-6Tani, E., Polidoros, A. N., & Tsaftaris, A. S. (2007). Characterization and expression analysis of FRUITFULL- and SHATTERPROOF-like genes from peach (Prunus persica) and their role in split-pit formation. Tree Physiology, 27(5), 649-659. doi:10.1093/treephys/27.5.649Tani, E., Tsaballa, A., Stedel, C., Kalloniati, C., Papaefthimiou, D., Polidoros, A., … Tsaftaris, A. (2011). The study of a SPATULA-like bHLH transcription factor expressed during peach (Prunus persica) fruit development. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 49(6), 654-663. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2011.01.020Tisza, V., Kovács, L., Balogh, A., Heszky, L., & Kiss, E. (2010). Characterization of FaSPT, a SPATULA gene encoding a bHLH transcriptional factor from the non-climacteric strawberry fruit. 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Dynamics of the circumstellar gas in the Herbig Ae stars BF Orionis, SV Cephei, WW Vulpeculae and XY Persei

We present high resolution (lambda / Delta_lambda = 49000) echelle spectra of the intermediate mass, pre-main sequence stars BF Ori, SV Cep, WW Wul and XY Per. The spectra cover the range 3800-5900 angstroms and monitor the stars on time scales of months and days. All spectra show a large number of Balmer and metallic lines with variable blueshifted and redshifted absorption features superimposed to the photospheric stellar spectra. Synthetic Kurucz models are used to estimate rotational velocities, effective temperatures and gravities of the stars. The best photospheric models are subtracted from each observed spectrum to determine the variable absorption features due to the circumstellar gas; those features are characterized in terms of their velocity, v, dispersion velocity, Delta v, and residual absorption, R_max. The absorption components detected in each spectrum can be grouped by their similar radial velocities and are interpreted as the signature of the dynamical evolution of gaseous clumps with, in most cases, solar-like chemical composition. This infalling and outflowing gas has similar properties to the circumstellar gas observed in UX Ori, emphasizing the need for detailed theoretical models, probably in the framework of the magnetospheric accretion scenario, to understand the complex environment in Herbig Ae (HAe) stars. WW Vul is unusual because, in addition to infalling and outflowing gas with properties similar to those observed in the other stars, it shows also transient absorption features in metallic lines with no obvious counterparts in the hydrogen lines. This could, in principle, suggest the presence of CS gas clouds with enhanced metallicity around WW Vul. The existence of such a metal-rich gas component, however, needs to be confirmed by further observations and a more quantitative analysis.Comment: 21 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication by Astronomy & Astrophysic

Critical success factors during the implementation of ISO 22000:2018

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to evaluate why companies still struggle with ISO 22000 implementation and maintenance, identifying which aspects are key for its success. Design/methodology/approach - A literature review was carried out based on Scientific articles and implementation guides collected from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and ResearchGate. Findings - Nine aspects seem to have a broader impact on organizations maintenance of ISO 22000 and other FSMS. Furthermore, the empirical research reveals that having an efficient food safety management system is a prerequisite for companys competitiveness. Practical implications - The findings show that many of the critical success factors for a FSMS implementation are based on regular and adequate management of people inside the company. Originality/value - A novel model of segmenting critical success factors is presented, which has practical implications for ISO 22000 achievement.(undefined)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Z3\mathbb{Z}_3 parafermion in the double charge-Kondo model

Quantum impurity models with frustrated Kondo interactions can support quantum critical points with fractionalized excitations. Recent experiments [arXiv:2108.12691] on a circuit containing two coupled metal-semiconductor islands exhibit transport signatures of such a critical point. Here we show using bosonization that the double charge-Kondo model describing the device can be mapped in the Toulouse limit to a sine-Gordon model. Its Bethe-ansatz solution shows that a $\mathbb{Z}_3$ parafermion emerges at the critical point, characterized by a fractional $\tfrac{1}{2}\ln(3)$ residual entropy, and scattering fractional charges $e/3$. We also present full numerical renormalization group calculations for the model and show that the predicted behavior of conductance is consistent with experimental results.Comment: 5 pages+, 3 figure

Thermodynamics of natural images

The scale invariance of natural images suggests an analogy to the statistical mechanics of physical systems at a critical point. Here we examine the distribution of pixels in small image patches and show how to construct the corresponding thermodynamics. We find evidence for criticality in a diverging specific heat, which corresponds to large fluctuations in how "surprising" we find individual images, and in the quantitative form of the entropy vs. energy. The energy landscape derived from our thermodynamic framework identifies special image configurations that have intrinsic error correcting properties, and neurons which could detect these features have a strong resemblance to the cells found in primary visual cortex

Single-Cell Transcriptomics in Cancer Immunobiology: The Future of Precision Oncology.

Cancer is a heterogeneous and complex disease. Tumors are formed by cancer cells and a myriad of non-cancerous cell types that together with the extracellular matrix form the tumor microenvironment. These cancer-associated cells and components contribute to shape the progression of cancer and are deeply involved in patient outcome. The immune system is an essential part of the tumor microenvironment, and induction of cancer immunotolerance is a necessary step involved in tumor formation and growth. Immune mechanisms are intimately associated with cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis; as well as to tumor dormancy and modulation of sensitivity to drug therapy. Transcriptome analyses have been extensively used to understand the heterogeneity of tumors, classifying tumors into molecular subtypes and establishing signatures that predict response to therapy and patient outcomes. However, the classification of the tumor cell diversity and specially the identification of rare populations has been limited in these transcriptomic analyses of bulk tumor cell populations. Massively-parallel single-cell RNAseq analysis has emerged as a powerful method to unravel heterogeneity and to study rare cell populations in cancer, through unsupervised sampling and modeling of transcriptional states in single cells. In this context, the study of the role of the immune system in cancer would benefit from single cell approaches, as it will enable the characterization and/or discovery of the cell types and pathways involved in cancer immunotolerance otherwise missed in bulk transcriptomic information. Thus, the analysis of gene expression patterns at single cell resolution holds the potential to provide key information to develop precise and personalized cancer treatment including immunotherapy. This review is focused on the latest single-cell RNAseq methodologies able to agnostically study thousands of tumor cells as well as targeted single-cell RNAseq to study rare populations within tumors. In particular, we will discuss methods to study the immune system in cancer. We will also discuss the current challenges to the study of cancer at the single cell level and the potential solutions to the current approaches