La tragedia como método educativo en Platón y Aristóteles

La presente investigación pretende demostrar la importancia de la tragedia griega en las ideas educativas y sociales de los filósofos Platón y Aristóteles, en particular, haciendo especial énfasis en el empleo de la tragedia como un método o herramienta educativa de vital importancia para los fines educativos de cada filósofo y sus respectivos sistemas sociales

Comparative serology techniques for the diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in a rural population from the state of Querétaro, Mexico

Immunological diagnostic methods for Trypanosoma cruzi depend specifically on the presence of antibodies and parasitological methods lack sensitivity during the chronic and “indeterminate” stages of the disease. This study performed a serological survey of 1,033 subjects from 52 rural communities in 12 of the 18 municipalities in the state of Querétaro, Mexico. We detected anti-T. cruzi antibodies using the following tests: indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA), indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), ELISA and recombinant ELISA (rELISA). We also performed Western blot (WB) analysis using iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD), a detoxifying enzyme excreted by the parasite, as the antigen. Positive test results were distributed as follows: ELISA 8%, rELISA 6.2%, IFA and IHA 5.4% in both cases and FeSOD 8%. A comparative study of the five tests was undertaken. Sensitivity levels, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, concordance percentage and kappa index were considered. Living with animals, trips to other communities, gender, age, type of housing and symptomatology at the time of the survey were statistically analysed using SPSS software v.11.5. Detection of the FeSOD enzyme that was secreted by the parasite and used as an antigenic fraction in WBs showed a 100% correlation with traditional ELISA tests

Hepatic levels of S-adenosylmethionine regulate the adaptive response to fasting

26 p.-6 fig.-1 tab.-1 graph. abst.There has been an intense focus to uncover the molecular mechanisms by which fasting triggers the adaptive cellular responses in the major organs of the body. Here, we show that in mice, hepatic S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe)—the principal methyl donor—acts as a metabolic sensor of nutrition to fine-tune the catabolic-fasting response by modulating phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) activity, endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts, β-oxidation, and ATP production in the liver, together with FGF21-mediated lipolysis and thermogenesis in adipose tissues. Notably, we show that glucagon induces the expression of the hepatic SAMe-synthesizing enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase α1 (MAT1A), which translocates to mitochondria-associated membranes. This leads to the production of this metabolite at these sites, which acts as a brake to prevent excessive β-oxidation and mitochondrial ATP synthesis and thereby endoplasmic reticulum stress and liver injury. This work provides important insights into the previously undescribed function of SAMe as a new arm of the metabolic adaptation to fasting.M.V.-R. is supported by Proyecto PID2020-119486RB-100 (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), Gilead Sciences International Research Scholars Program in Liver Disease, Acción Estratégica Ciberehd Emergentes 2018 (ISCIII), Fundación BBVA, HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-Doctoral Networks 2021 (101073094), and Redes de Investigación 2022 (RED2022-134485-T). M.L.M.-C. is supported by La CAIXA Foundation (LCF/PR/HP17/52190004), Proyecto PID2020-117116RB-I00 (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), Ayudas Fundación BBVA a equipos de investigación científica (Umbrella 2018), and AECC Scientific Foundation (Rare Cancers 2017). A.W. is supported by RTI2018-097503-B-I00 and PID2021-127169OB-I00, (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and by “ERDF A way of making Europe,” Xunta de Galicia (Ayudas PRO-ERC), Fundación Mutua Madrileña, and European Community’s H2020 Framework Programme (ERC Consolidator grant no. 865157 and MSCA Doctoral Networks 2021 no. 101073094). C.M. is supported by CIBERNED. P.A. is supported by Ayudas para apoyar grupos de investigación del sistema Universitario Vasco (IT1476-22), PID2021-124425OB-I00 (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and “ERDF A way of making Europe,” MCI/UE/ISCiii [PMP21/00080], and UPV/EHU [COLAB20/01]). M.F. and M.G.B. are supported by PID2019-105739GB-I00 and PID2020-115472GB-I00, respectively (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). M.G.B. is supported by Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2019/013). C.A., T.L.-D., and J.B.-V. are recipients of pre-doctoral fellowships from Xunta de Galicia (ED481A-2020/046, ED481A-2018/042, and ED481A 2021/244, respectively). T.C.D. is supported by Fundación Científica AECC. A.T.-R. is a recipient of a pre-doctoral fellowship from Fundación Científica AECC. S.V.A. and C.R. are recipients of Margarita Salas postdoc grants under the “Plan de Recuperación Transformación” program funded by the Spanish Ministry of Universities with European Union’s NextGeneration EU funds (2021/PER/00020 and MU-21-UP2021-03071902373A, respectively). T.C.D., A.S.-R., and M.T.-C. are recipients of Ayuda RYC2020-029316-I, PRE2019/088960, and BES-2016/078493, respectively, supported by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by El FSE invierte en tu futuro. S.L.-O. is a recipient of a pre-doctoral fellowship from the Departamento de Educación del Gobierno Vasco (PRE_2018_1_0372). P.A.-G. is recipient of a FPU pre-doctoral fellowship from the Ministry of Education (FPU19/02704). CIC bioGUNE is supported by Ayuda CEX2021-001136-S financiada por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. A.B.-C. was funded by predoctoral contract PFIS (FI19/00240) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) co-funded by Fondo Social Europeo (FSE), and A.D.-L. was funded by contract Juan Rodés (JR17/00016) from ISCIII. A.B.-C. is a Miguel Servet researcher (CPII22/00008) from ISCIII.Peer reviewe

Modern Semi-Active Control Schemes for a Suspension with MR Actuator for Vibration Attenuation

This article describes semi-active modern control schemes for a quarter-vehicle suspension with a magnetorheological damper (MRD) to attenuate vibrations and simultaneously improve the passenger comfort and the vehicle road-holding. The first solution is a multiple positive position feedback (MPPF) control scheme to attenuate the vibration amplitude at the two modal frequencies. The second solution is based on elementary passivity considerations on the exact regulation error dynamics passive output. The passive output feedback is used to improve the control aims. Finally, the third solution deals with a disturbance rejection control (DRC) based on an extended state observer. The three proposed control schemes consider an inverse polynomial model of a commercial MRD for numerical implementation and are evaluated by comfort and road-holding performance indexes proposed in the literature. Furthermore, the effects of variation in the sprung mass (emulating different number of passengers) on the controllers’ performance is analysed. The numerical results show in both scenarios (constant and variable sprung mass) that passivity based control (PBC) and DRC improve the performance indexes compared with the classical sky-hook control and the open-loop systems with a different constant current input for the MRD. Obtained results for damping force and power consumption are within the operation range of the considered commercial MRD showing the viability for experimental implementation of the proposed control schemes

High prevalence of human papillomavirus and European variants of HPV 16 infecting concomitantly to cervix and oral cavity in HIV positive women.

ObjectiveIdentify the prevalence of HPV infections in the uterine cervix and oral cavity and HPV16 variants in HIV+ women.MethodsA total of 174 HIV+ women attended an HIV+ specialized clinic in Mexico City. Cells were obtained from the oral cavity and cervix to extract DNA. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the HPV sequence with generic primers. We detected specific HPV types using the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra II Kit (INNOGENETICS). The identification of variants was studied by sequencing the E6 gene with a Big Dye Terminator Kit and an Applied Biosystems 3500/3500xL genetic analyzer.ResultsHPV infection was very high in the uterine cervix (168/174, 96.6%) and oral cavity (161/174, 92.5%). The prevalence of HPV concurrent infections in the cervix and oral cavity was 155/174 (89.1%). We found hrHPVs to be more prevalent than low-risk HPVs (lrHPVs) in the oral cavity (90.2% versus 45.4%) and that infections simultaneously affected the cervix (94.3% versus 36.2%) and oral cavity (85.1% versus 20.1%). Surprisingly, only European variants of HPV type 16 were found in the uterine cervix of women and the oral cavity of all tested samples (52 oral cavity samples and 52 uterine cervix samples).ConclusionsThe high prevalence of HPV, multiple infections and presence of the EP350G intravariant in both anatomical regions are strongly related to the persistence of the virus, which is fundamental for the development of cancer. Therefore, it is very important to control and monitor this high-risk population as well as implement programs for the early detection of HPV and vaccination

Memoria del simposio “Hacia el bicentenario de la Independencia. Antiguo Estado de México”

Contiene 18 trabajos presentados en el simposium “Hacia el bicentenario de la Independencia de México. Antiguo Estado de México”, organizado por la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, a través del Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades (CICSyH) y la Facultad de Humanidades de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, y el Centro de Estudios Históricos de El Colegio Mexiquense, A. C

Tópicos selectos de ciencias químicas

La Química es una de las ramas de la ciencia que ha tomado mayor importancia en las últimas décadas. Es imposible no pensar en ella al escuchar los avances milagrosos de fármacos, materiales inteligentes, tecnología nanométrica, computadoras cuánticas o procesos catalíticos, donde la transformación controlada de la materia ha logrado la creación de sustancias con propiedades hechas a medida. En ese sentido, el papel de la Facultad de Química, en la formación de profesionales de dicha área, cobra una importancia superlativa; además del compromiso y la responsabilidad de formar sujetos no sólo con conocimiento, sino desarrollar su conciencia social y ecológica, indispensables para la situación actual y futura.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

XIV International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Inclusive digital transformation for technological and social progress"

Contenido: Evaluación del efecto de una estimulación con campos eléctricos sobre el cartílago hialino. ; Clasificadores supervisados del cáncer de próstata. ; Desarrollo de un prototipo de colector solar lineal tipo Fresnel para la producción de vapor de agua. ; Estudio del comportamiento del panel fotovoltaico según la superficie instalada. ; Aprovechamiento aguas residuales y residuos del pacifico colombiano para generación eléctrica. ; Descripción de los Procesos Industriales Energéticamente Críticos en la Producción de Cacao en Santander. ; Reutilización energética de las vibraciones mecánicas en helicópteros. ; Navegación de robots móviles en formación de convoy. ; Emulador para desarrollo de proyectos iot y analíticas de datos. ; Bluelock una herramienta para prevenir ataques en bluetooth. ; Diseño e implementación de un gateway iot multiprotocolo. ; Caracterización de emulación de usuario primario en redes móviles de radio cognitiva. ; Metodología de diseño de antenas microstrip por caracterización del dieléctrico. ; Esquema de comunicación digital usando generador vectorial y SDR. ; Estrategia para coordinar y controlar los movimientos de un robot modular de tipo cadena basado en tecnología de internet de las cosas. ; Detección de información relevante en funciones de modo intrínseco. ; Evaluación del proceso de falla en mezclas asfálticas a partir del análisis digital de imágenes. ; Identificación y detección de fallas en un accionamiento utilizando NN-NARX. ; Navegación PRM en dron comercial y simulación GAZEBO. ; Control PID/Difuso de velocidad y torque de motores de motores. ; Invernadero automatizado, instrumentación y lógica difusa. ; Prototipo control de vehículo robot por señales EMG.Content: Evaluación del efecto de una estimulación con campos eléctricos sobre el cartílago hialino. ; Clasificadores supervisados del cáncer de próstata. ; Desarrollo de un prototipo de colector solar lineal tipo Fresnel para la producción de vapor de agua. ; Estudio del comportamiento del panel fotovoltaico según la superficie instalada. ; Aprovechamiento aguas residuales y residuos del pacifico colombiano para generación eléctrica. ; Descripción de los Procesos Industriales Energéticamente Críticos en la Producción de Cacao en Santander. ; Reutilización energética de las vibraciones mecánicas en helicópteros. ; Navegación de robots móviles en formación de convoy. ; Emulador para desarrollo de proyectos iot y analíticas de datos. ; Bluelock una herramienta para prevenir ataques en bluetooth. ; Diseño e implementación de un gateway iot multiprotocolo. ; Caracterización de emulación de usuario primario en redes móviles de radio cognitiva. ; Metodología de diseño de antenas microstrip por caracterización del dieléctrico. ; Esquema de comunicación digital usando generador vectorial y SDR. ; Estrategia para coordinar y controlar los movimientos de un robot modular de tipo cadena basado en tecnología de internet de las cosas. ; Detección de información relevante en funciones de modo intrínseco. ; Evaluación del proceso de falla en mezclas asfálticas a partir del análisis digital de imágenes. ; Identificación y detección de fallas en un accionamiento utilizando NN-NARX. ; Navegación PRM en dron comercial y simulación GAZEBO. ; Control PID/Difuso de velocidad y torque de motores de motores. ; Invernadero automatizado, instrumentación y lógica difusa. ; Prototipo control de vehículo robot por señales EMG

Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

Background Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods WEAN SAFE was an international, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study done in 481 intensive care units in 50 countries. Eligible participants were older than 16 years, admitted to a participating intensive care unit, and receiving mechanical ventilation for 2 calendar days or longer. We defined weaning initiation as the first attempt to separate a patient from the ventilator, successful weaning as no reintubation or death within 7 days of extubation, and weaning eligibility criteria based on positive end-expiratory pressure, fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, and vasopressors. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully weaned at 90 days. Key secondary outcomes included weaning duration, timing of weaning events, factors associated with weaning delay and weaning failure, and hospital outcomes. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03255109. Findings Between Oct 4, 2017, and June 25, 2018, 10 232 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 5869 were enrolled. 4523 (77·1%) patients underwent at least one separation attempt and 3817 (65·0%) patients were successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90. 237 (4·0%) patients were transferred before any separation attempt, 153 (2·6%) were transferred after at least one separation attempt and not successfully weaned, and 1662 (28·3%) died while invasively ventilated. The median time from fulfilling weaning eligibility criteria to first separation attempt was 1 day (IQR 0–4), and 1013 (22·4%) patients had a delay in initiating first separation of 5 or more days. Of the 4523 (77·1%) patients with separation attempts, 2927 (64·7%) had a short wean (≤1 day), 457 (10·1%) had intermediate weaning (2–6 days), 433 (9·6%) required prolonged weaning (≥7 days), and 706 (15·6%) had weaning failure. Higher sedation scores were independently associated with delayed initiation of weaning. Delayed initiation of weaning and higher sedation scores were independently associated with weaning failure. 1742 (31·8%) of 5479 patients died in the intensive care unit and 2095 (38·3%) of 5465 patients died in hospital. Interpretation In critically ill patients receiving at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation, only 65% were weaned at 90 days. A better understanding of factors that delay the weaning process, such as delays in weaning initiation or excessive sedation levels, might improve weaning success rates

Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

International audienceBackground: Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods: WEAN SAFE was an international, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study done in 481 intensive care units in 50 countries. Eligible participants were older than 16 years, admitted to a participating intensive care unit, and receiving mechanical ventilation for 2 calendar days or longer. We defined weaning initiation as the first attempt to separate a patient from the ventilator, successful weaning as no reintubation or death within 7 days of extubation, and weaning eligibility criteria based on positive end-expiratory pressure, fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, and vasopressors. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully weaned at 90 days. Key secondary outcomes included weaning duration, timing of weaning events, factors associated with weaning delay and weaning failure, and hospital outcomes. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03255109. Findings: Between Oct 4, 2017, and June 25, 2018, 10 232 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 5869 were enrolled. 4523 (77·1%) patients underwent at least one separation attempt and 3817 (65·0%) patients were successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90. 237 (4·0%) patients were transferred before any separation attempt, 153 (2·6%) were transferred after at least one separation attempt and not successfully weaned, and 1662 (28·3%) died while invasively ventilated. The median time from fulfilling weaning eligibility criteria to first separation attempt was 1 day (IQR 0–4), and 1013 (22·4%) patients had a delay in initiating first separation of 5 or more days. Of the 4523 (77·1%) patients with separation attempts, 2927 (64·7%) had a short wean (≤1 day), 457 (10·1%) had intermediate weaning (2–6 days), 433 (9·6%) required prolonged weaning (≥7 days), and 706 (15·6%) had weaning failure. Higher sedation scores were independently associated with delayed initiation of weaning. Delayed initiation of weaning and higher sedation scores were independently associated with weaning failure. 1742 (31·8%) of 5479 patients died in the intensive care unit and 2095 (38·3%) of 5465 patients died in hospital. Interpretation: In critically ill patients receiving at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation, only 65% were weaned at 90 days. A better understanding of factors that delay the weaning process, such as delays in weaning initiation or excessive sedation levels, might improve weaning success rates. Funding: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, European Respiratory Society