27 research outputs found
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Reâevaluation of celluloses E 460(i), E 460(ii), E 461, E 462, E 463, E 464, E 465, E 466, E 468 and E 469 as food additives
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient sources added to Food (ANS) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the re-evaluation of microcrystalline cellulose (E 460(i)), powdered cellulose (E 460(ii)), methyl cellulose (E 461), ethyl cellulose (E 462), hydroxypropyl cellulose (E 463), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (E 464), ethyl methyl cellulose (E 465), sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (E 466) and enzymatically hydrolysed carboxy methyl cellulose (E 469) as food additives. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and the Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) established an acceptable daily intake (ADI) ânot specifiedâ for unmodified and modified celluloses. Celluloses are not absorbed and are excreted intact in the faeces; in addition, microcrystalline cellulose, powdered and modified celluloses could be fermented by the intestinal flora in animals and humans. Specific toxicity data were not always available for all the celluloses evaluated in the present opinion and for all endpoints. Given their structural, physicochemical and biological similarities, the Panel considered it possible to read-across between all the celluloses. The acute toxicity of celluloses was low and there was no genotoxic concern. Short-term and subchronic dietary toxicity studies performed with E 460(i), E 461, E 462, E 463, E 464, E 466 and E 469 at levels up to 10% did not indicate specific treatment related adverse effects. In chronic toxicity studies performed with E 460(i), E 461, E 463, E 464, E 465 and E 466, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) values reported ranged up to 9,000 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day. No carcinogenic properties were detected for microcrystalline cellulose and modified celluloses. Adverse effects on reproductive performance or developmental effects were not observed with celluloses at doses greater than 1,000 mg/kg bw by gavage (often the highest dose tested). The combined exposure to celluloses (E 460â466, E 468 and E 469) at 95th percentile of the refined (brand-loyal) exposure assessment for the general population was up to 506 mg/kg bw per day. The Panel concluded that there was no need for a numerical ADI and that there would be no safety concern at the reported uses and use levels for the unmodified and modified celluloses (E 460(i); E 460(ii); E 461â466; E 468 and E 469). The Panel considered an indicative total exposure of around 660â900 mg/kg bw per day for microcrystalline, powdered and modified celluloses
Entretien avec Alain Monod-Broca
Monod-Broca Alain. Entretien avec Alain Monod-Broca. In: Revue d'économie financiÚre. Hors-série, 1992. Le Traité de Maastricht : quelles conséquences pour l'Europe financiÚre ? . pp. 347-349
Ladigue au quotidien, mythe ou réalité ?
PARIS7-Odontologie (751062104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
Analyse de l'Ă©tiologie des fractures des instruments de rotation continue en Nickel-Titane dans le cadre d'un traitement endodontique
PARIS7-Odontologie (751062104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
Les troubles musculo-squelettiques du chirurgien dentiste français (rĂ©alisation d'une enquĂȘte descriptive)
Les troubles musculo-squelettiques (TMS) constituent une affection qui peut se rĂ©vĂ©ler lourde de consĂ©quences, tant au niveau professionnel qu extra-professionnel. Il s agit d affections pĂ©ri-articulaires qui regroupent un large Ă©ventail de troubles ou de pathologies dont l impact peut ĂȘtre : musculaire, squelettique, vasculaire ou nerveux. Le sujet de cette thĂšse est de rĂ©aliser une enquĂȘte Ă©pidĂ©miologique descriptive relative aux TMS que peuvent contracter les chirurgiens dentistes. L originalitĂ© de cette enquĂȘte est qu elle utilisera le questionnaire de type nordique modifiĂ© qui est un outil standardisĂ© que les mĂ©decins du travail utilisent afin dĂ©pister les TMS. Le but de cette enquĂȘte est multiple. En effet, elle permettra de prendre connaissance des diffĂ©rents types de TMS touchant les chirurgiens dentistes, leur localisation anatomique ainsi que leur prĂ©valence. Nous mettrons Ă©galement en Ă©vidence les consĂ©quences tant au niveau personnel que professionnel de ces troubles. Elle permettra d Ă©voquer des pistes de facteurs de risque ainsi que des mesures de prĂ©vention.PARIS7-Odontologie (751062104) / SudocSudocFranceF
FaisabilitĂ© et acceptabilitĂ© de l'Ă©valuation par degrĂ©s de certitude. Ătude pilote menĂ©e dans le cadre dâune action de dĂ©veloppement professionnel continu chez les professionnels de santĂ© dâanesthĂ©sie-rĂ©animation
editorial reviewedTout organisme de développement professionnel continu doit
veiller Ă la qualitĂ© de ses formations. Lâoutil dâĂ©valuation
devrait ĂȘtre performant. Une Ă©tude pilote qui Ă©value la faisabilitĂ©
et lâacceptabilitĂ© dâun test de connaissances innovant
a Ă©tĂ© menĂ©e Ă lâĂcole du Val-de-GrĂące, organisme de dĂ©veloppement
professionnel continu du Service de santé des armées.
Ce test a Ă©tĂ© administrĂ© lors dâune action de dĂ©veloppement
professionnel continu, en début et fin de session. Il associe
à la fois questions à choix multiple et degrés de certitude.
Son objectif est dâĂ©valuer lâĂ©volution des connaissances et de
la certitude des participants. Un questionnaire de satisfaction
distribué aux formés et des entretiens avec les formateurs
sollicitĂ©s pour la construction du test ont permis dâĂ©valuer
la faisabilitĂ© et lâacceptabilitĂ© du test. Les rĂ©sultats prĂ©liminaires
du groupe formé ont montré une progression des
connaissances des participants et de leur certitude. LâĂ©tude
pilote a Ă©galement mis en Ă©vidence lâintĂ©rĂȘt des degrĂ©s de certitude
tant pour les formés que pour les formateurs. Ce test
permet de distinguer les connaissances potentiellement dangereuses
si elles Ă©taient mises en oeuvre. Cette distinction
devrait conduire à revoir en priorité ces apprentissages lors
dâun feedback avec les apprenants. Cette approche formative
pourrait ĂȘtre davantage dĂ©veloppĂ©e Ă lâĂcole du Val-de-GrĂące.BY LEVELS OF CERTAINTY: A PILOT STUDY
FOR CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
AMONG HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS
IN ANESTHESIA-RESUSCITATION
Any continuous professional development organization must
ensure the quality of its training courses. The assessment
tool ought to be effective. A pilot study to assess the feasibility
and acceptability of an innovative knowledge test was
conducted Ăcole du Val-de-GrĂące, the continuous professional
development organization of the French armed forces health
service. The test was administered at the start and end of
a continuous professional development session. It combines
multiple-choice questions and degrees of certainty.
Its aim was to assess the development of participantsâ knowledge
and certainty. A satisfaction questionnaire distributed
to the trainees, and interviews with the trainers called upon
to construct the test made it possible to assess the feasibility
and acceptability of the test. Preliminary results from the
trained group showed an increase in participantsâ knowledge
and certainty. The pilot study also highlighted the value of
degrees of certainty for both trainees and trainers.
This test makes it possible to distinguish knowledge that is
potentially dangerous if applied. This distinction should lead
to priority being given to reviewing this knowledge during
feedback with the learners. This formative approach could
be further developed at Ăcole du Val-de-GrĂące
Cutevariant: a standalone GUI-based desktop application to explore genetic variations from an annotated VCF file
International audienceAbstract Summary Cutevariant is a graphical user interface (GUI)-based desktop application designed to filter variations from annotated VCF file. The application imports data into a local SQLite database where complex filter queries can be built either from GUI controllers or using a domain-specific language called Variant Query Language. Cutevariant provides more features than existing applications and is fully customizable thanks to a complete plugins architecture. Availability and implementation Cutevariant is distributed as a multiplatform client-side software under an open source license and is available at https://github.com/labsquare/cutevariant