Reactivando la Ciudad Fallera

[ES] Plan de regeneración urbana para el barrio de la Ciudad Fallera de Valencia. El barrio cuenta con gran cantidad de valores que se pueden potenciar, aunando la naturaleza, la vivienda y la industria. Para ello el objetivo consiste en analizar los principales problemas del barrio, estudiando el concepto de densificación y aplicarlo mediante la resolución de nuevas tipologías de viviendas, urbanísticas o equipamientos que reactiven y complementen la Ciudad Fallera. Se trata pues de acercar esta parte de la ciudad hacia la calidad de vida y el bienestar con herramientas propias de un momento de crisis social y económica en el que nos encontramosNadal Moll, MÁ. (2014). Reactivando la Ciudad Fallera. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/120981Archivo delegad

Smart biosensing device for tracking fish behaviour

Biosensor technology for tracking individual challenged fish behaviour has the potential to revolutionize aquaculture, allowing farmers and breeders to orientate selective breeding towards more robust and efficient fish or improve culture conditions for a more sustainable and ethical production. The proposed solution within the AQUAEXCEL2020 EU project is a stand-alone, small and light (1 g) device (AEFishBIT), based on a tri-axial accelerometer and a microprocessor. It is externally attached to the operculum to monitor physical activity by mapping accelerations in x- and y-axes, while operculum beats (z-axis) serve as a measurement of respiratory frequency. The conducted operculum attachment protocol does not show signs of tissue damage or growth impairment in active feeding gilthead sea bream. AEFishBIT offers a wide range of new information based on individual behaviour, allowing to point out the asynchrony of movements as an indirect measure of aging and adaptability to farming environment, as well as to discriminate different coping behaviour (proactive or reactive) of gilthead sea bream challenged with low water oxygen concentrations. AEFishBIT also provides reliable information of disease outcome in fish parasitized with an intestinal myxozoan, emerging as a powerful tool for sensing the quality of the environment and improving selective breeding protocols.The study has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, GA no 652831 (AQUAEXCEL2020)

Impact of Advanced Age on the Incidence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Stable Coronary Artery Disease in a Real-World Setting in Spain

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) without myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke are at high risk for major cardiovascular events (MACEs). We aimed to provide real-world data on age-related clinical characteristics, treatment management, and incidence of major cardiovascular outcomes in T2DM-CAD patients in Spain from 2014 to 2018. We used EHRead (R) technology, which is based on natural language processing and machine learning, to extract unstructured clinical information from electronic health records (EHRs) from 12 hospitals. Of the 4072 included patients, 30.9% were younger than 65 years (66.3% male), 34.2% were aged 65-75 years (66.4% male), and 34.8% were older than 75 years (54.3% male). These older patients were more likely to have hypertension (OR 2.85), angina (OR 1.64), heart valve disease (OR 2.13), or peripheral vascular disease (OR 2.38) than those aged <65 years (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). In general, they were also more likely to receive pharmacological and interventional treatments. Moreover, these patients had a significantly higher risk of MACEs (HR 1.29; p = 0.003) and ischemic stroke (HR 2.39; p < 0.001). In summary, patients with T2DM-CAD in routine clinical practice tend to be older, have more comorbidities, are more heavily treated, and have a higher risk of developing MACE than is commonly assumed from clinical trial data

Integrative epigenomics in Sjögren´s syndrome reveals novel pathways and a strong interaction between the HLA, autoantibodies and the interferon signature

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and damage of exocrine salivary and lacrimal glands. The etiology of SS is complex with environmental triggers and genetic factors involved. By conducting an integrated multi-omics study, we confirmed a vast coordinated hypomethylation and overexpression effects in IFN-related genes, what is known as the IFN signature. Stratified and conditional analyses suggest a strong interaction between SS-associated HLA genetic variation and the presence of Anti-Ro/SSA autoantibodies in driving the IFN epigenetic signature and determining SS. We report a novel epigenetic signature characterized by increased DNA methylation levels in a large number of genes enriched in pathways such as collagen metabolism and extracellular matrix organization. We identified potential new genetic variants associated with SS that might mediate their risk by altering DNA methylation or gene expression patterns, as well as disease-interacting genetic variants that exhibit regulatory function only in the SS population. Our study sheds new light on the interaction between genetics, autoantibody profiles, DNA methylation and gene expression in SS, and contributes to elucidate the genetic architecture of gene regulation in an autoimmune population

Integración de sensores de detección de obstáculos por ultrasonido sobre un vehículo aéreo de bajo coste

[spa] La robótica aérea, en especial el uso de drones, ha sumado importancia en los últimos tiempos debido a la gran cantidad de aplicaciones que posee y la aparición de vehículos de bajo coste de uso recreativo, como por ejemplo el Ar.drone de la empresa Parrot. Estos vehículos están ideados para ser pilotados directamente por un humano, pero no poseen capacidades para evitar obstáculos. Para proporcionar estas habilidades a este tipo de vehículos, en este proyecto se ha desarrollado un módulo basado en ultrasonidos junto con una estrategia que permite dotar de estas capacidades a un dron de uso recreativo. El sistema se ha validado sobre un entorno simulado y sobre una plataforma real, presentando resultados satisfactorios en ambos casos

Reconocimiento Visual de Escenas en Entornos Multi-Robot

[spa] Dentro del ´ambito de la rob´otica m´ovil, la generaci´on de mapas del entorno (mapping por sus traducci´on al ingl´es) se considera una tarea fundamental, ya que sirve como base a otras tareas de m´as alto nivel tales como la localizaci´on, la planificaci´on de caminos o la evitaci´on de obst´aculos. El proceso de construcci´on de mapas se encarga de construir una representaci´on del entorno en el que opera el robot a partir de la informaci´on sensorial recibida. Sin embargo, todos los sensores presentan un inherente ruido que dificulta este proceso, produciendo incoherencias en los mapas resultantes. Por esta raz´on, los algoritmos actuales de construcci´on de mapas se apoyan en t´ecnicas alternativas que permiten determinar cuando el robot se encuentra en una zona ya visitada previamente. La importancia de ser consciente de estas situaciones radica en que esta informaci´on permite minimizar el error que presentan los mapas resultantes, dando lugar a representaciones del entorno coherentes y mucho m´as fieles a la realidad. La capacidad de determinar si el robot se encuentra en una zona ya visitada previamente es lo que se conoce en rob´otica m´ovil como la detecci´on de bucles (en ingl´es, loop closure detection). Durante los ´ultimos a˜nos han proliferado soluciones para detectar bucles basadas en t´ecnicas de visi´on por computador, debido especialmente a la existencia, cada vez m´as, de ordenadores m´as potentes y a la reducci´on del coste de las c´amaras convencionales. Cuando el problema de detectar bucles se basa en im´agenes se dice que el proceso est´a basado en la apariencia (appearance-based loop closure detection). En ocasiones, tambi´en se le conoce como reconocimiento visual de escenas (visual place recognition). La mayor´ıa de las soluciones propuestas para el cierre visual de bucles est´an pensadas para funcionar sobre un ´unico agente. Sin embargo, en entornos grandes, el uso de diversos robots trabajando de una forma cooperativa provee diversos beneficios, como, por ejemplo, la reducci´on del tiempo utilizado para generar el mapa de dicho entorno. Es por ello que existe un creciente inter´es en el desarrollo de algoritmos de detecci´on visual de bucles que operen en escenarios multi-robot. Este tipo de escenarios, debido a que cada agente tiene una visi´on parcial del entorno, presentan una serie de dificultades que no se encuentran al detectar bucles con un ´unico robot y que deben ser tenidas en consideraci´on. Dentro de este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo de final de m´aster es adaptar una soluci´on existente de reconocimiento visual de escenas para trabajar en entornos multi-robot. De forma m´as precisa, los objetivos del trabajo son: Estudiar y comprender el funcionamiento de un algoritmo reciente de detecci´on visual de bucles. Adaptar dicho algoritmo para trabajar en un entorno distribuido, implementando diversas variantes de funcionamiento. Comparar los algoritmos desarrollados con respecto a la versi´on para un ´unico robot y con algunas soluciones existentes. Evaluar las ventajas y desventajas de cada variante de funcionamient

La configuración hegemónica de América del Sur : (2003-2011)

El trabajo de grado tuvo como principal objetivo determinar la configuración hegemónica de Brasil entre 2003 y 2011 para consolidarse en la región suramericana como la plataforma necesaria para su liderazgo global en un mundo pluripolar. Se emplearon las herramientas metodológicas de la estrategia de hegemonía cooperativa (Thomas Pedersen) y las variables del poder blando (Joseph Nye). Se concluye que Brasil en el periodo analizado aplica la estrategia de tipo ofensivo (ventajas de escala, difusión e inclusión) por medio de la maximización de sus variables de poder blando (diplomacia, cultura y valores políticos). Se indica que es un proceso incipiente y no exento de dificultades, tanto por intereses domésticos, como por potenciales competidores regionales.Politólogo (a)Pregrad

From operculum and body tail movements to different coupling of physical activity and respiratory frequency in farmed gilthead sea bream and European sea bass. Insights on aquaculture biosensing

The AEFishBIT tri-axial accelerometer was externally attached to the operculum to assess the divergent activity and respiratory patterns of two marine farmed fish, the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Analysis of raw data from exercised fish highlighted the large amplitude of operculum aperture and body tail movements in European sea bass, which were overall more stable at low-medium exercise intensity levels. Cosinor analysis in free-swimming fish (on-board data processing) highlighted a pronounced daily rhythmicity of locomotor activity and respiratory frequency in both gilthead sea bream and European sea bass. Acrophases of activity and respiration were coupled in gilthead sea bream, acting feeding time (once daily at 11:00 h) as a main synchronizing factor. By contrast, locomotor activity and respiratory frequency were out of phase in European sea bass with activity acrophase on early morning and respiration acrophase on the afternoon. The daily range of activity and respiration variation was also higher in European sea bass, probably as part of the adaptation of this fish species to act as a fast swimming predator. In any case, lower locomotor activity and enhanced respiration were associated with larger body weight in both fish species. This agrees with the notion that selection for fast growth in farming conditions is accompanied by a lower activity profile, which may favor an efficient feed conversion for growth purposes. Therefore, the use of behavioral monitoring is becoming a reliable and large-scale promising tool for selecting more efficient farmed fish, allowing researchers and farmers to establish stricter criteria of welfare for more sustainable and ethical fish production.European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 652831 (AQUAEXCEL2020, Aquaculture infrastructures for excellence in European fish research towards 2020).ProID2017010062, from Canarian Agency for Research, Innovation and Information Society (Gobierno de Canarias), co-funded with European Structural and Investment Funds (2014-2020)FICASES, Fish Cage Sensor System (TEC2017-89403-C2-2-R) from Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, co-funded with European Regional Development Funds (2014-2020).Peer reviewe

Use of accelerometer technology for individual tracking of activity patterns, metabolic rates and welfare in farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) facing a wide range of stressors

The biosensor technology has the potential to revolutionize the aquaculture industry, but the selection of tagging method, operational mode (stand-alone vs. wireless systems) and telemetry technology ultimately depends on living species, life stage and research question. In particular, AEFishBIT is a small and stand-alone device composed of a tri-axial accelerometer, a microprocessor, a battery, and a RFID tag that was designed to be externally attached to the operculum. This unique location serves to provide simultaneous measurements of activity patterns (signals of x- and y-axes) and respiratory frequency (z-axis signal) processed by on-board algorithms. The validity of measurements was initially proved in exercised fish in a swim tunnel respirometer, and its use as a reliable tool for the individual monitoring of whole-organism traits in free-swimming gilthead sea bream was tested then in fish facing a wide range of biotic and abiotic stressors. The impact of the tagging method, based on the use of monel piercing fish tags with a flexible heat shrink polyethylene ring, was also evaluated and no signs of growth impairment, operculum damage or gill lamellae haemorrhage were found 10 days post-tagging. The autonomy of the device was 6 hours of continuous recording with re-programmable lag times and recording schedules of 2 min windows at regular intervals along the experimental period (2-8 days). Such procedure underlined a negative linear correlation between fasting weight loss and operculum breaths, becoming respiratory frequency a reliable indicator of basal metabolic rates. Biosensing signals also highlighted the more continuous physical activity and increased respiratory rates of young fish when comparisons were made between one- and three-year old fish. Also, AEFishBIT measurements evidenced a generalized increase of respiratory frequency during severe hypoxia (2-3 ppm), but the individuals classified as proactive fish also shared an increased physical activity for supporting escape reactions in a milieu with low oxygen availability. Likewise, we also observed an overall increase of physical activity with the decrease of tank space availability, which can contribute to establish stricter criteria of welfare in farmed fish. Finally, the reduction of respiratory frequency was a consistent diagnostic marker of the progression of parasitic enteritis in experimentally infected fish with the myxozoan Enteromyxum leei. Altogether, this work constitutes the proof of concept of the use of biosensor technology as a reliable tool for individual fish phenotyping of whole-organism traits in farmed fish, contributing to improve animal welfare and productivity of aquaculture industry.European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 652831 (AQUAEXCEL2020, Aquaculture infrastructures for excellence in European fish research towards 2020).Ramón y Cajal Postdoctoral Research Fellowship RYC2018-024049-I/AEI/10.13039/501100011033Peer reviewe