Analysis of the immune response in padel

High intensity exercise and sports activities are closely related to a general state of inflammation that can lead to immunosuppression. This physiological response could decrease sports performance and even compromise the athlete's health. The objective of this study was to investigate the acute inflammatory response of a padel match. 15 elite players (28.2±7.9 years) participated voluntarily in the study. Different pro-inflammatory (IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-12 and TNFa) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-5, IL-10 and IL-13) were analyzed before and after a match. The results showed a decrease in IL-7 (p=0.007) and IL-8 (p<0.03) and increases in IL-10 (p<0.04). The results obtained suggest that the practice of high-level padel induces an anti-inflammatory response

High-Intensity Interval Circuit Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Functional Ability and Body Mass Index in Middle-Aged and Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The literature suggests that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is more effective than moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) to improve functional ability. However, there is no evidence on including HIIT in a circuit programme (HIICT). Our objective was to determine what type of training (HIICT or MICT) induces greater adaptations in the functional ability and body mass index of middle-aged and older women. The study used a quasi-experimental randomized controlled trial with 54 participants (age = 67.8 ± 6.2 years). Participants were randomly allocated to HIICT (n = 18), MICT (n = 18) or a non-exercise control group (CG; n = 18). The participants in the HIICT or MICT groups trained twice a week (1 h/session) for 18 weeks. Forty-one subjects were analysed (HIICT; n = 17, MICT; n = 12, CG; n = 12). Five subjects presented adverse events during the study. Strength, gait, cardiorespiratory fitness, balance and body mass index were measured. A significant training x group interaction was found in the arm curl test, where HIICT was statistically better than MICT and CG. Likewise, HIICT was statistically better than the CG in the BMI interaction. In lower limb strength, gait/dynamic balance and cardiorespiratory fitness, both HIICT and MICT were statistically better than the CG. In conclusion, HIICT generated better adaptations in upper limb strength than MICT. Likewise, HIICT generated better adaptations in body mass index than CG. Finally, both HIICT and MICT had a similar influence on strength, cardiorespiratory fitness and gait/dynamic balance

Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Tobacco Smoking, Alcohol Abuse and Illegal Drug Consumption in University Students: A Mediating Analysis

[Abstract] Substance abuse is a major and prevalent public health concern among university students. Tobacco smoking, risky alcohol behavior, and illegal drug consumption may lead to health problems and behavioral and academic issues. Several individual and environmental factors associate with substance abuse in this population, and the mediating effect of alcohol abuse in the relationship between tobacco smoking and drug consumption is yet to be explored. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the association of individual and environmental factors and substance use, and to analyze the relationship between tobacco smoking, alcohol abuse, and drug consumption, considering alcohol abuse as a possible mediator. A total of 550 Spanish undergraduate and postgraduate students completed several questionnaires regarding their smoking status, alcohol use, and drug consumption during the last six months. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore associations between factors. Direct, indirect and mediating effects were tested using a partial least squares approach (PLS-SEM). The results indicated that substance abuse is associated with being male, living with other students, and combined substance consumption. PLS-SEM showed a significant effect of tobacco smoking and alcohol abuse on drug consumption. Alcohol abuse plays a mediating role in the relationship between tobacco smoking and drug use

State-of-the-Art of (Bio)Chemical Sensor Developments in Analytical Spanish Groups

(Bio)chemical sensors are one of the most exciting fields in analytical chemistry today. The development of these analytical devices simplifies and miniaturizes the whole analytical process. Although the initial expectation of the massive incorporation of sensors in routine analytical work has been truncated to some extent, in many other cases analytical methods based on sensor technology have solved important analytical problems. Many research groups are working in this field world-wide, reporting interesting results so far. Modestly, Spanish researchers have contributed to these recent developments. In this review, we summarize the more representative achievements carried out for these groups. They cover a wide variety of sensors, including optical, electrochemical, piezoelectric or electro-mechanical devices, used for laboratory or field analyses. The capabilities to be used in different applied areas are also critically discussed

Estimation of the Genetic Components of (Co)variance and Preliminary Genome-Wide Association Study for Reproductive Efficiency in Retinta Beef Cattle

In this study, we analyzed the variation of reproductive efficiency, estimated as the deviation between the optimal and real parity number of females at each stage of the cow’s life, in 12,554 cows belonging to the Retinta Spanish cattle breed, using classical repeatability and random regression models. The results of the analyses using repeatability model and the random regression model suggest that reproductive efficiency is not homogeneous throughout the cow’s life. The h2 estimate for this model was 0.30, while for the random regression model it increased across the parities, from 0.24 at the first calving to 0.51 at calving number 9. Additionally, we performed a preliminary genome-wide association study for this trait in a population of 252 Retinta cows genotyped using the Axiom Bovine Genotyping v3 Array. The results showed 5 SNPs significantly associated with reproductive efficiency, located in two genomic regions (BTA4 and BTA28). The functional analysis revealed the presence of 5 candidate genes located within these regions, which were previously involved in different aspects related to fertility in cattle and mice models. This new information could give us a better understanding of the genetic architecture of reproductive traits in this species, as well as allow us to accurately select more fertile cows

Anthropometric, Cardiopulmonary and Metabolic Benefits of the High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Moderate, Low-Intensity or Control for Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training compared with no intervention and other types of training interventions for people with Type 2 diabetes. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that used high-interval intensity training to improve anthropometric, cardiopulmonary and metabolic conditions were conducted. The search was performed during October-December 2017 using the databases PubMed, Web of Science and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the PEDro scale. A total of 10 articles were included in this meta-analysis. After statistical analysis, favorable results were obtained for high-Intensity Interval Training compared with control (non-intervention): [Weight: Standardized mean difference (SMD) = -2.09; confidence interval (CI) 95%: (-3.41; -0.78); body-mass index: SMD = -3.73; CI 95%: (-5.53; -1.93); systolic blood pressure: SMD = -4.55; CI 95%: (-8.44; -0.65); VO2max: SMD = 12.20; CI 95%: (0.26; 24.14); HbA(1c): SMD = -3.72; CI 95%: (-7.34; -0.10)], moderate intensity continuous training: [body-mass index: SMD = -0.41; CI 95%: (-0.80; -0.03); VO2max: SMD = 1.91; CI 95%: (0.18; 3.64)], and low intensity training: [Weight: SMD = -2.06; CI 95%: (-2.80; -1.31); body-mass index: SMD = -3.04; CI 95%: (-5.16; -0.92); systolic blood pressure: SMD = -2.17; CI 95%: (-3.93; -0.41); HbA(1c): SMD = -1.58; CI 95%: (-1.84; -1.33)]. The results show that high-intensity interval training can be a useful strategy in order to improve anthropometric, cardiopulmonary and metabolic parameters in people with Type 2 diabetes. Despite this, it could be essential to clarify and unify criteria in the intervention protocols, being necessary new lines of research

Infanta Urraca and Raimundo of Borgoña, Counts of Galicia

Indexación: Revista UNAB.El enlace entre la infanta Urraca de León con el conde Borgoñón Don Raimundo trajo importantes repercusiones en todo el territorio gobernado por el imperator Alfonso VI. La joven pareja fue a hacerse cargo del gobierno en una zona conflictiva, Galicia, donde se dio en definitiva la praeparatio de ambos para el oficio regio. En esa práctica de poder como representantes regios, institución propia de la casa real leonesa, ambos jóvenes comenzaron a adquirir elementos vivenciales que les permitieron, sea planificar la sucesión alfonsina, en el caso del conde Raimundo, o bien en el caso urraqueño, asumir legítimamente como heredera y propietaria del imperium legionense. Especialmente en el estudio del diplomatario de Alfonso VI como en las intitulaciones de la pareja condal encontramos los mejores indicios y trazos de esa trayectoria que siguieron los reales cónyuges.The engagement between infanta Urraca of Leon and Count Don Raimundo brought important repercussions throughout the territory ruled by the imperator Alfonso VI. The young couple went to take charge of the government in a conflict zone, Galicia, where the praeparatio of both for the royal office was finally given. In this practice of power as royal representatives, an institution of the royal house of León, the young couple began to acquire existential elements that allowed them to either plan alfonsin succession, in the case of Count Raimundo, or in the case of Doña Urraca, to legitimately assume as heiress and owner of the imperium legionense. Especially in the study of the diplomat of Alfonso VI as in the intitulatio of the condal pair we find the best signs and traces of that trajectory that followed the regal spouses.http://revistahumanidades.unab.cl//wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Art.-Miscelaneo.-La-infanta-Urraca.-Gordo-y-Melo.pd

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Number of Pages: 17Integrative BiologyGeological Science