Relationship of Controlling Negative Thoughts and Parenting Stress with Marital Satisfaction in Parents of Children with Learning Disability: Mediated by Sexual Satisfaction

AbstractIntroduction: Lack of satisfying sexual relations weakens marital relationships. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between controlling negative thoughts and parenting stress with the marital satisfaction of parents of children with learning disabilities as influenced by the mediating role of sexual satisfaction.Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive correlational study covered all parents of children with learning disabilities in Tehran in 2020, 212 of whom were selected as the statistical sample using convenience sampling based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research instruments included the Marital Satisfaction Scale, the Thought Control Questionnaire, the Parenting Stress Questionnaire, and the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation as well as Pearson's correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. The proposed model was evaluated using structural equation modeling (SEM) via SPSS-25 and AMOS-25 software.Results: The results showed that the correlations between marital satisfaction and controlling negative thoughts (r = 0.33), parenting stress (r = -0.40), and sexual satisfaction (r = 0.049) were significant (P < 0.01). In addition, the correlations between sexual satisfaction and controlling negative thoughts (r = 0.60) and parenting stress (r = -0.39) were also significant (P < 0.01). The relationship between the indirect path of controlling negative thoughts with marital satisfaction via the mediating role of sexual satisfaction was significant (β = 0.32, P = 0.010). Moreover, sexual satisfaction had a mediating role in the relationships between parenting stress and marital satisfaction in the parents (β = -0.08, P = 0.044). The results indicated a good fit of the model (IFI = 0.98, CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.071).Conclusions: The results suggest that the proposed model had a good fit and could be considered an important step toward identifying the factors influencing the marital satisfaction of parents having children with learning disabilities

The effect of Mobile-based and Lecture-Based training methods on Midwives' knowledge regarding Management of Pre-Eclampsia/ Eclampsia

Background & aim: Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy hypertensive disorder which is associated with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. One of the ways to reduce the risk of preeclampsia during pregnancy and childbirth is training midwives regarding its management. We aimed to compare the effects of mobile-based and lecture-based training methods on midwives' knowledge regarding management of pre-eclampsia/ eclampsia in 2017. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 70 midwives working in Lar, Iran, in 2017. The patients who met the inclusion criteria and provided informed consent were included in the study. The subjects were randomly assigned to two educational groups of lecture-based and mobile-based education. To measure knowledge a questionnaire was completed before the intervention, one week and one month after the intervention by the participants. To analyze the data, independent t-test for inter-group comparison and paired t-test for intra-group comparison were run in SPSS. Results: No significant differences was seen between the two groups before the intervention, while one week and one month after the intervention, the knowlege scores were significantly different (P=0.001). The results of paired t-test in both groups showed significant changes at the end of the study. Results were significant in both groups, but according to the mean score of knowledge before and after the intervention, the mobile-based had a greater score than lecture-based training group. Conclusion: Both mobile-based and lecture-based training methods increased the awareness of midwives regarding the management of preeclampsia and eclampsia, but the highest increase in knowledge was seen in mobile-based training group.. Thus, the implementation of midwifery training programs using mobile applications can increase midwives’ awareness concerning the management of midwifery emergency services

THE STUDY OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES BASED ON ULTRASOUND (SONOGRAPHY) RESULTS OBTAINED FROM CHILDREN WITH CALCULUS STONE IN ONE OF THE MEDICAL CENTERS OF TEHRAN PROVINCE

Abstract. Background and Goal: urinary infections are invasions to any urinary systems by microbial factors. This infection is the most common urinary infection and is the second most commonly reported infection in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of infectious diseases based on ultrasound (sonography) results obtained from children with calculus stone in a medical center in Tehran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in children who were in the Mofid hospital due to problems with calculus stone in 1397. First, specifications of all patients admitted with calculus stone were recorded. All children with calculus stones were under ultrasound (sonography) of the kidneys and urinary system, and the number, condition and dispersion of the stones were recorded andexamined. Findings: 31 children in hospital in the Nephrology department were studied which were 58.68% girl and 41.49% boy and on all of them ultrasound (sonography) was done. Blood and kidney ultrasound (sonography) findings (48.38%) and (22.58%) respectively, were abnormal. In the study of ultrasound (sonography) findings, the most common results were 21/21% remaining urine volume and 30/80% increase in bladder thickness, after which the stasis in the pilocalysis system was 9.26%, 9% kidney anomalies and 4.5% stones. Conclusion: The epidemiology of urinary infections was 32% of girls (form 58.6% female) and 22% male (from 41.94% male), which indicates a high level of urinaryinfections, especially in the female population.Keywords: Calculus Stones, Infectious Diseases, Urinary Infections, Ultrasound (sonography), Kidney Stones

The Relationship between Sexual Self-Efficacy and Sexual Function in Married Women

Background & aim: Sexual self-efficacy refers to the belief of each individual about his/her ability to be sexually active, his/her desirability for sexual partner, and assessment of the ability and self-efficacy in sexual behavior. Sexual relationship is one of the key pillars of a successful family; accordingly, functionality in this domain largely affects marital satisfaction. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between sexual self-efficacy and sexual function among married women. Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 201 married women referring to the clinic of Lenjan Hospital, Isfahan in 2017. The study population was selected through convenience sampling. The women scoring below 40 in the Beck Depression Inventory were entered into the study and filled out the questionnaires of sexual self-efficacy and sexual function. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: The mean age of participants was 32±6.70 years, and their mean menarche age was 12±36.1 years. The mean scores of sexual function and sexual self-efficacy were obtained as 26.17±1.44, 21.54±2.70, respectively. The results revealed a positive correlation between sexual self-efficacy and sexual function (r=0.205, P=0.001). Also, sexual self-efficacy showed a significant relationship with some subscales of sexual function, including libido, orgasm, lubrication, and sexual arousal (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Sexual self-efficacy had a positive relationship with some of the subscales of sexual function. Therefore, sexual function in women can be strengthened by the enhancement of their sexual self-efficacy

Exploration of the Influence of High Rate Cooling Crystallization Parameters on the Preparation of Ammonium Perchlorate Crystals Using Taguchi's Method

'''Preparation of fine ammonium perchlorate (AP) particles and thermal behaviour of it are known as the most important challenges in the crystallization and propellant sciences. We introduced an effective method of fine AP preparation named high rate cooling crystallization (HRC). This work presents application of Taguchi approach for optimizing the HRC method. In this study a set of experiments was designed according to the Taguchi L9 array. Experimental design was originated from four effective parameters containing; temperature, pressure, solvent type (water and ethanol) and anticaking agentsodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). After preparation of fine AP particles average particle size (APS) was measured using laser mass spectrometry (LMS-30). APS, contribution, and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to investigate performance factors affecting the operation condition. According to the data obtained, anti-caking agent and solvent type were represented the main effect on the preparation of micronized AP by using HRC method. Furthermore, the optimum condition in preparation of fine AP particles by using HRC method was ethanol solvent, 10atm pressure, 0.4 % SDS, and 60˚C temperature. Thermal behaviour of the optimized particles was investigated using TG/DSC analysis. Finety of the particles positively shifted the low temperature decomposition (LTD) region of fine optimized sample in comparison with coarse pure AP. Crystallinity of sample was confirmed by SEM and XRD analysis

The Relationship between Small for Gestational Age (SGA) at Birth and Developmental Delay in Children Aged 4 to 60 Months

Background Progress in medical science and success in increasing the survival rate of vulnerable infants have raised the issue of future development in these children. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between small for gestational age (SGA) status at birth and developmental delay in children aged 4 to 60 months. Materials and Methods This study was a correlation descriptive through a multistage sampling method on 419 Iranian children aged 4 to 60 months who attended healthcare centers affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Healthcare Services, Iran. Data collection tools included a data collection checklist and the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASG). The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 18.0.( Results The results showed that 83 (19.8%) of 419 children in the study, had developmental delay and 336 (80.2%) had normal development. Comparison of developmental domains between the two groups of children based on birth weight, showed that there was a significant relationship between the birth weight of children and developmental delay in the domain of fine movements (p = 0.02, r=0.81), problem solving (p = 0.02, r= 0.73), and the total score (p =0.02, r= 0.87). In addition, the Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between small for gestational age (SGA) status at birth and developmental delay in children (p = 0.001). Conclusion Given the relationship between birth weight and developmental disorders, special attention to the birth weight of infants and performing regular care during pregnancy and afterwards for SGA children can prevent many developmental problems

The effect of some technological production variables on mechanical and physical properties of particleboard manufactured from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) stalks

The current study aims to improve properties of particleboard manufactured from cotton (Gossium hirsutum) stalks glued with urea formaldehyde. To this aim, panel density (at three levels: 0,5; 0,65 and 0,8 g/cm3), press temperature (at two levels: 150 and 180 °C) and press closing speed (at two levels: 4 and 8mm/s) were selected as independent variables. The mechanical properties consist of modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and internal bonding and physical behaviors such as water absorption and thickness swelling of panels were determined. Results showed that with increasing the density of panels and press temperature modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and internal bonding of panels increased, while bending strengths of panels were differently affected by press closing speedcompared to the internal bonding, so that with increasing the press closing speed modulus of rupture increased, but internal bonding decreased. Moreover, increasing panel density and press temperature, water absorption and thickness swelling of panels decreased. The press closing speed affected the waterabsorption and thickness swelling, insignificantly

A neuromechanical model characterizing the motor planning and posture control in the voluntary lean in Parkinson's disease

ABSTRACT: Parkinson’s disease targets patients’ cognitive and motor abilities, including postural control. Many studies have been carried out to introduce mathematical models for a better understanding of postural control in such patients and the relation between the model parameters and the clinical assessments. So far, these studies have addressed this connection merely in static tests, such as quiet stance. The aim of this study is to develop a model for voluntary lean, and as such, identify the model parameters for both PD patients and healthy subjects from experimental data. The proposed model comprises planning and control sections. The model parameters for the planning section were extracted from the time response characteristics. Parameters for the control section were identified based on the spatial characteristics of the center-of-pressure (COP) response using an optimization process. 24 PD patients along with 24 matched healthy subjects participated in the study. The results showed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of temporal parameters for the planning section. This difference emphasizes bradykinesia as an essential symptom of PD. Also, differences were found for the postural control section. In all directions, the proportional gain of the feedback controller was significantly larger in PD patients; however, the gain of the feedforward controller was significantly smaller in PD patients. Furthermore, the control gains were strongly correlated with the clinical scales (Functional Reach Test and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale) in certain directions. In conclusion, the new model helps to better understand and quantify some PD symptoms in voluntary lean tasks

Evaluation of left ventricular systolic and diastolic regional function after enhanced external counter pulsation therapy using strain rate imaging

Aims Enhanced external counter pulsation (EECP) is a non-invasive and non-pharmacological therapy for patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). There are, however, insufficient data to support the effectiveness of EECP in improving the myocardial mechanical properties of patients with refractory stable angina. We aimed to assess the effects of EECP on myocardial mechanical properties and cardiac functions in CAD patients not eligible for surgical or percutaneous revascularization procedures. Methods and results Twenty patients in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional Class III and IV angina were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 63+9 years, and 65% were male. A comprehensive echocardiographic study including an evaluation of the tissue Doppler-based parameters of systolic and diastolic functions was performed before and after the termination of the protocol. EECP was carried out 1 h per day, 5 days per week, for 7 weeks. EECP resulted in a significant increase in peak late diastolic transmitral inflow velocity (0.75+0.14 vs. 0.83+0.20 m/s, P , 0.05), propagation velocity (42.35+6.25 vs. 46.00+5.68 cm/s, P , 0.05), peak early diastolic velocity of mitral annulus (5.35+1.79 vs. 5.95+1.10 cm/s, P , 0.05), peak systolic velocity (2.51+0.28 vs. 2.67+ 0.26, P , 0.05), and early diastolic velocity (3.24+0.18 vs. 3.52+0.26 cm/s, P , 0.01) of all middle segments, peak late diastolic velocity of all basal (4.48+0.58 vs. 4.75+0.70 cm/s, P , 0.05) and middle segments (2.82+0.66 vs. 3.25+0.46 cm/s, P , 0.01), peak systolic strain rate of all basal (0.76+0.07 vs. 0.99+0.08 1/s, P ¼ 0.001) and middle segments (0.75+0.09 vs. 0.94+0.09 1/s, P , 0.001), peak systolic strain of basal (11.64+1.51 vs. 13.97+1.52%, P , 0.01) and middle segments (11.81+1.15 vs.13.73+1.57%, P , 0.001), and left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (40.25+ 12.72 vs. 46.25+12.97%, P , 0.001).There was also a significant decrease in the ratios of transmitral E/A (0.92+ 0.41 vs. 1.08+ 0.46, P , 0.05) and E/Ea (12.61+4.22 vs. 15.44+6.96, P , 0.05) after EECP therapy. A significant reduction in NYHA angina class ( 1 angina class) was seen in the patients, who completed treatment. Conclusion EECP therapy seemed to improve both regional and global LV systolic and diastolic functions in patients with chronic angina pectoris