Nanostructured titanium dioxide thin film for dye-sensitized Solar cell applications

Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide (TiC^) thin film for Dye-Sensitized Solid State Solar Cell (DSSSC) application has been synthesized using sol-gel method and deposited onto silicon and glass substrates using spin coating technique. The optimized annealing temperature and sol-gel concentration were obtained a| 500°C and 0.2M, respectively. Basically, there were four properties studied; surface morphology, structural, electrical and optical properties. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) / Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM) were carried out to observe the changes in surface morphology whenever there are changes on the parameters. X-Ray Diffractions (XRD) characterization of the samples was taken to examine the TiC>2 crystalline phases and the intensity of nanocrystalline particles in the thin film. I-V measurement using two-point probe equipment was used to observe the electrical properties which include the measuring of the sheet resistance, the resistivity and the conductivity of the TiC>2 thin film. The optical properties were observed using UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer. The thin film transmittance and the band gap energy were also observed using this spectrophotometer. At the end of this research, uniform and homogeneous TiC>2 thin film has successfully prepared. By controlling the sol-gel concentration, a transparent TiC>2 thin film has been developed which has high transmittance property of above 80%. The TiC>2 thin films which were annealed at a temperature of 500°C and prepared at 0.2M of sol-gel precursor concentration gave the optimum results. By adding TiC>2 nanopowder, the surface area and porosity of TiC>2 thin film is improved, thus good candidate to use in DSSSC application

Nanostructured titanium dioxide thin film for dye-sensitized solar cell applications / Mohd Khairul Ahmad

Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide (Ti0 2) thin film for Dye-Sensitized Solid State Solar Cell (DSSSC) application has been synthesized using sol-gel method and deposited onto silicon and glass substrates using spin coating technique. The optimized annealing temperature and sol-gel concentration were obtained at 500°C and 0.2M, respectively. Basically, there were four properties studied; surface morphology, structural, electrical and optical properties. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) / Scanning Electron microscopy(SEM) were carried out to observe the changes in surface morphologywhenever there are changes on the parameters. X-Ray Diffractions (XRD) characterization of the samples was taken to examine the Ti0 2 crystalline phases and the intensity of nanocrystalline particles in the thin film. I-V measurement using two-point probe equipment was used to observe the electrical properties which include the measuring of the sheet resistance, the resistivity and the conductivity of the Ti0 2 thin film. The optical properties were observed using UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer.The thin film transmittance and the band gap energy were also observed using this spectrophotometer.At the end of this research, uniform and homogeneous Ti0 2 thin film has successfully prepared. By controlling the sol-gel concentration, a transparentTi0 2 thin film has been developed which has high transmittance property of above 80%. The Ti0 2 thin films which were annealed at a temperature of 500°C and prepared at 0.2M of sol-gel precursor concentration gave the optimum results. By adding Ti0 2 nanopowder, the surface area and porosity of Ti0 2 thin film is improved, thus good candidate to use in DSSSCapplication

Multifingered robot hand robot operates using teleoperation

The purpose of research on anthropomorphic dextrous manipulation is to develop anthropomorphic dextrous robot hand which approximates the versatility and sensitivity of the human hand by teleoperation methods that will communicate in master– slave manners. Glove operates as master part and multi-fingered hand as slave. The communication medium between operator and multi-fingered hand is via KC-21 Bluetooth wireless modules. Multi-fingered hand developed using 5 volt, 298:1 gear ratio micro metal dc motors which controlled using L293D motor drivers and actuator controlled the movement of robot hand combined with dextrous human ability by PIC18F4520 microcontroller. The slave components of 5 fingers designed with 15 Degree of Freedom (DOF) by 3 DOF for each finger. Fingers design, by modified IGUS 07-16-038-0 enclosed zipper lead E-Chain® Cable Carrier System, used in order to shape mimic as human size. FLEX sensor, bend sensing resistance used for both master and slave part and attached as feedback to the system, in order to control position configuration. Finally, the intelligence, learning and experience aspects of the human can be combined with the strength, endurance and speed of the robot in order to generate proper output of this project

Proposed new design scheme of HR marketing centre for HR Marketing Sdn.Bhd at Lot 1677, 1678 Jalan Sultan Yusuf, Ipoh, Perak Darul Ridzuan / Mohd Khairul Shazreen Ahmad Tarmizi

Final year project reporting is very important element in diploma level. This is the key role of the individual understanding about the whole aspect in the process of interior design that have been learnt from the basic to the higher level that covered of the presentation of the design and ready to face the real world in this industry. The aim of this project is to create how design scheme and image as well as corporate image for HR centre supported with one stop centre also as into centre and info services space requirement for HR One Stop Centre. The objectives is to attract people to come to the center which can ease people to collect information about the product and also buy the product at the same time. It will be the multifunctional centre that not just a centre but it can a place to enjoy, relax and do business. To complete the requirement of this project, interview, research and observation is being doing to make sure the data are required and will be analyzed in the design process. So the detail about the site including inventory and analysis is very important. Thus, the requirements are depend on the location that has to be strategic, size, image, circulation and the character of the cafe. So the customer will feels more relax, friendly atmosphere, cleanliness, comfort, and convenience

Green magnetite nanocomposite sheet using coprecipitation loading method as a wave absorber in RFID applications

EM wave absorber had been used to solve the RFID interference problem when it is used in near metallic environment. Synthetic polymeric matrix from various cellulosic pulps were used to produce wave absorbers with magnetite as its main reinforcement using two different approaches namely lumen loading method and in-situ coprecipitation method. Since both methods were a successful in terms of green technology and cost reduction, this study focused on enhancing the previous two methods by introducing a new developed method called as coprecipitation loading method. Besides that, the exploration of the compatibility of paddy straw and recycled paper as the magnetic sheet matrix also was done to add the green technology value. Result obtained reveal that paddy straw and recycled paper are very good candidate to be embedded with nano-magnetite particles thus conforming its compatibility to be used as a substrate to produce the wave absorber. All three loading methods have good degree of loading around 18.4% to 34.4%, and VSM data also shows that the magnetic wave absorbers exhibit good superparamagnetic behaviour. The proposed method consume less power to be produced compared to the previous methods thus contributes to green environmental effects. All samples were tested in the HF RFID application near to metallic environment showing great performance in alleviating the interference problem and recover up to 60% of the distance detection by comparing to the commercial wave absorber. By using the loading methods and substrates proposed, this research contributes to the production of Green Magnetite Nanocomposites Sheets using substrate from paddy straw and recycled paper pulp combined with magnetite nanoparticles. Besides that, the introduction of coprecipitation loading method also enables magnetic sheet to be produced using less energy compared to previous methods. Lastly, samples produced indicate that the green magnetic wave absorber do perform its main purpose in the RFID application near metallic environment

Syeikh Abdul Qadir Bin Abdur Rahim Al-Fathani Bukit Bayas (1864) Towards Hadith Works and Writings of Fiqh Muamalat al-Maliyyah: An Introduction of The Malay Jawi Manuscript Entitled: Risalah fi Bayani Hukmi Bai’i war Riba

The Malay work of writings which put Hadith as the Mawdu’ (title) of the writings of Malay Archipelago’s scholars is considered Nadir (small). This view is based on the remnants and the writings of Malay Archipelago’s scholars that are mostly focused on the aspect of tasawuf, fiqh and tauhid. This can be seen from their works or books circulated in the market that are still be read by the Malays. The historical development of knowledge in the Malay archipelago stated that the Malay ulamas have been in command of various fields of knowledge and disciplines such as Astronomy, Mathematics, Medicine and etc.This paperwork is an effort to discover the treasure of those Malay ulamas in producing written works on Fiqh Muamalat al-Maliyyahand putting hadith as a source. This writing is also to introduce Syeikh Abdul Qadir Bin Abdur  Rahim Al-Fathani Bukit Bayas Terengganu and his book entitled “Risalah fi Bayani Hukmi Bai’i  war Riba (papers describing on the matters of purchasing and interests). This book has been classified as a nadir (small) manuscript. This paper will also observe the method used in narrating hadith, total number of hadith and the source of hadith in the book

Visual Analysis: Design Confusion Of Canned Alcoholic Beverages Amongst Muslim Consumers In Malaysia

Packaging design plays an important role to attract buyers. Several cases have been reported on the unintentional buying of canned alcoholic beverages by Muslims caused by the confusing packaging design between the alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. Many studies on the development of packaging design for halal food products and halal beverages have been carried out. However, there is a lack of studies on alcoholic beverages in Malaysia because of the religious sensitivities in the matter of halal and haram. This research paper has aimed to define the confusing elements on alcoholic cans to help the Muslim consumers in recognising the canned alcoholic beverages effectively. A survey has been conducted to get the clarification from Muslim consumers on the confusing design elements. Based on the survey results, the visual analysis investigated the elements (pattern, colour, brand, images, and typography) to get the priority flow on how to recognise alcoholic beverages easily and effectively. The findings of the visual analysis are discussed in terms of the similarities in the design element from the principal display panel (PDP) of the can

Characterization of defect induced multilayer graphene

A study of oxygen plasma on multilayer graphene is done with different flow rates. This is to allow a controlled amount of defect fabricated on the graphene. Results from the study showed that the intensity ratio of defect between D peak and G peak was strongly depended on the amount of oxygen flow rate thus affected the 2D band of the spectra. The inter-defect distance LD ≥ 15 nm of each sample indicated that low-defect density was fabricated. The surface roughness of the multilayer graphene also increased and reduced the conductivity of the multilayer graphene

Hydrothermal growth of bilayered rutile-phased TiO2 nanorods/micro-sizeTiOz flower in highly acidic solution for dye-sensitized solar cell

Aligned rutile-phased TiO2 (r-TNRs) nanorods and micro-size rutile-phased TiO2 flowers (r-TFs) films were prepared on fluorinedoped tin oxide (FIO) substrate using highly acidic solution by two steps of hydrothermal process. The hydrothermal process was done at 150'C in 5 h for the first step and 2 h for the second step. These films were used as a photoelectrode in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) application. Aligned r-TNRs and r-TFs were prepared using one-step and two-step hydrothermal processes, respectively. At the end of second step hydrothermal process, micro-size rutile-phased TiO2 flowers (r-TFs) were observed on top of r-TNRs (FTO/r-TNRs/r-TFs). Power conversion efficiencies for both aligned r-TNRs and r-TNRs/r-TFs were compared. From the results, DSC made of r-TNRs only produced energy conversion efficiency of 1.52 Va and DSC made of r-TNRs/r-TFs gave excellent energy conversion efficiency (fi of 4.27 7o

The sketch nation: psychological evaluation of architectural appreciation through the means of urban sketching towards increasing public awareness of sustainable development

The theme of the research will resolve around the two main subject, the art of urban sketching and architectural narrative through the study of psychology, philosophy and anthropology. The title is suggesting a development of the ‘sketch nation’ as a way to increase architectural appreciation and awareness on sustainable development of the public societies by engaging them with the sketching culture in their community. In this way, they will be more aware of their surrounding & social responsibilities towards a better approach of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) coined by the United Nation (UN). The research concentrates on how does urban sketching relates to develop the knowledge of architecture in public societies towards increasing awareness of sustainable development. The evaluation is done through analyzing theory of perception in cognitive psychology and cross-referencing it with the ‘urban sketching manifesto’ to understand the process of how an urban sketcher absorbs their surrounding while sketching in an architectural setting as well as understanding how an architectural built informs the end ends user to highlight on the efforts implemented for sustainable development