MANAGING THE HALAL FOOD RELATED ISSUES IN THE HALAL FOOD CERTIFICATION PROCESS BASED ON THE CONCEPT OF SADD AL-DHARAI'

Background and Purpose: Sadd al-dharai' is a secondary source in Islamic law where it means blocking the means. Sadd al-dharai' is essential for Muslim jurists to deal with the Shariah issues particularly in the halal food industry. This is because the area of the halal food industry has expanded and industrialized to accommodate the demand of the Muslim society that keeps increasing year on year. In this regard, the halal-related issues are getting complex and need Shariah clarification since many new food processing involving critical ingredients, equipment, and multi-process which require meticulous Shariah observation on this matter. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the extent to which the employment of the sadd al-dharai' as a credible tool adopted by Muslim jurist in dealing with the halal-related issues triggered in the halal food supply chain stage based on the halal certification process.   Methodology: This reviewed paper is a qualitative research study in nature where document analysis employed in this study to collect the data.  The Malaysian fatwas, books, articles either in the form of physical or online were gathered to answer the objective of the study. The data collected mostly from the years of 2010 until 2020 unless the related fatwas where the fatwas are subject to its issuance year and suitability. The  researchers  used  several keywords  alternatively like  ‘sadd al-dharai' in halal industry’, ‘fatwa and halal certification’, ‘food industry and Islamic law’ to find out relevant articles related to this discussion on the needs to investigate the employment of sadd al-dharai' in  dealing with the halal-related issues triggered in the halal food supply chain stage based on the halal certification process.  This study further simultaneously adopted the content analysis technique where the data was manually analysed and divided into four major themes based on the objective of the study.     Findings: The study has indicated that sadd al-dharai' has its peculiar function in many aspects of the Malaysia halal certification process in Malaysia, and it could be viewed based on the two approaches, namely the establishment of the halal regulatory framework and the fatwa issuance. The principle of preventing the negative aspects must take precedence, in accordance with the rule “dar’u al mafasid muqaddam ‘ala jalb al-mashalih”  by adopting several preventive actions is very significant in ensuring the halal food products reach the consumers are halalan tayyibban.   Contributions:  This study suggests that the Muslim jurists need to take into consideration the sadd al-dharai‘ as one of the sources of Shariah in ensuring the management of the halal certification process is efficient and in line with maqasid al-Shariah. Besides, Muslim consumers could also access halal food products that are free from harmful elements.   Keywords: Halal certification, halal food, sadd al-dharai', food safety, food ingredients.   Cite as: Ruzulan, Z., Mana, B., Tumiran, M. A., & Jamaludin, M. A. (2023). Managing the halal food related issues in the halal food certification process based on the concept of sadd al-dharai'. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(1), 429-445. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss1pp429-44

The Efficacy of Gelam Honey Dressing towards Excisional Wound Healing

Honey is one of the oldest substances used in wound management. Efficacy of Gelam honey in wound healing was evaluated in this paper. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups of 24 rats each (untreated group, saline group, Intrasite Gel group, and Gelam honey group) with 2 cm by 2 cm full thickness, excisional wound created on neck area. Wounds were dressed topically according to groups. Rats were sacrificed on days 1, 5, 10, and 15 of treatments. Wounds were then processed for macroscopic and histological observations. Gelam-honey-dressed wounds healed earlier (day 13) than untreated and saline treated groups, as did wounds treated with Intrasite Gel. Honey-treated wounds exhibited less scab and only thin scar formations. Histological features demonstrated positive effects of Gelam honey on the wounds. This paper showed that Gelam honey dressing on excisional wound accelerated the process of wound healing

Kesan terapi praktikal ibadah Ramadhan dan rangsangan auditori menggunakan surah al Quran terpilih terhadap gangguan tidur kanak-kanak autistik / Mohd Amzari Tumiran

Sleep disturbance is a common problem that occurs at all level of ages and health condition. It would lead to negative symptoms in the human nervous system. Those who are often in experiencing the negative effects of sleep disorders are autistic individuals. They usually have an abnormal sleeping patterns. Recitation of Quran is believed to be a therapy for sleep disorders either reciting or listening to it. Negative symptoms of autism are expected to deteriorate after undergoing this therapy. The objective of this study is to identify the specific sleep disorders of autistic children through midday napping and night sleep, to identify the specific chapters and verses of Quran for use as the therapy for sleep disorders, to assess the effectiveness of Quranic verses therapy to the night sleep, to assess the effectiveness using Ramadan practical deeds (fasting, performing tarawih prayers and taking pre-dawn meals) on the quality of night sleep, and to assess the appropriateness of sleeping assessment devices for autistic children. This case study involved an autistic child who has the ability in memorizing Al-Quran in specific and detailed notion, but experienced certain sleeping disturbances. The subject a male child aged 13 years old and able to perform Ramadan in a similar way to typical children. Sleep assessment devices used in this study there were wrist actigraphy (Lark Pro) and a non-contact actigraphy (Gear4 and S+). This study found that there were significant sleep disorder which was insomnia, and other disturbances involving TST (total sleep time) and sleeping at physiological levels. Quranic therapy was founded through the recitation of certain Quranic chapters and verses as recommended by the prophetic tradition. There was an improvement of sleep score and TST (total sleep time), improvement as well as the stabilization of REM (rapid eye movement), also the reduction of insomnia symptoms after undergoing the Quranic therapy. There were no significant changes found in sleep score after Ramadan therapy was applied, as well as no occurances of insomniac events and suggested there were a psychotherapeutic benefits in this therapy. S+ that acted as a non-contact sensor biomotion device was found to meet its suitability for this autistic child in assessing the night sleep and Gear4 in assessing the midday napping or qaylulah

Halalan Tayyiban Food Consumption: An Understanding Level on Gender Among Fully Residential Schools’ Students in Selangor

Halalan tayyiban is the main concept of food consumption for the Muslim community. The understanding level of halalan tayyiban may be diverse between males and females. This study aimed to compare the understanding level of halalan tayyiban food consumption among students of fully residential schools in Selangor by gender. Male and female students of fully residential schools in Selangor are involved as respondents (n=490). A questionnaire and IBM SPSS Statistics were utilised as instruments in data collection and data analysis, respectively. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric inferential statistics for comparing two independent group samples, the Mann-Whitney test. Mann-Whitney test indicates that “understanding of halalan tayyiban concept on food consumption” in “male” shows no significant difference (mean rank: 245.55) compared to “female” (mean rank: 245.45) with U=29856, ρ=.978. Overall, this study indicates that the comprehension of the halalan tayyiban concept in food consumption among students at totally residential schools in Selangor is likely to be similar for both males and females. A different population for a group of samples regarding this matter is recommended for future studies

Research Methodology Mastery for Conducting an Islamic Studies Undergraduate Final-Year Project at UiTM Shah Alam

The acquisition of research methodology is a crucial competency typically attained by seasoned scholars in academia. However, it is necessary to assess the level of research methodology proficiency among undergraduate students to adequately prepare them for the completion of their final year project, which is a mandatory component for graduation. This study aimed to examine the mastery level of research methodology in preparation for conducting an undergraduate final-year project. The study included a sample of respondents (n=228) who were final-year students in Islamic studies at UiTM Shah Alam. An online questionnaire was employed as a tool for data collection, while IBM SPSS Statistics was used for data analysis. The data underwent analysis using descriptive statistics and the Friedman test. The descriptive statistics indicates “information management” (Good: 53.9 percent, Excellent: 32 percent) as the highest frequency of mastery level compared to “instrumentation procedure”, and “sampling technique” mastery level. The Friedman test indicates a significant difference in “information management” (mean rank: 2.56) which is better than “sampling technique” (mean rank: 1.66) and “instrumentation procedure” (mean rank: 1.77) with χ2(2)137.1, ρ<.05. This study suggests that there is a need for improvement in the aspects of research methodology, specifically in “sampling techniques” and “instrumentation procedures”, particularly among undergraduate students in the field of Islamic studies. This study proposes the implementation of effective pedagogical strategies and a comprehensive curriculum to enhance proficiency in research methodology for future academic pursuits

Managing the halal food related issues in the halal food certification process based on the concept of Sadd al-dharai'

Sadd al-dharai' is a secondary source in Islamic law where it means blocking the means. Sadd al-dharai' is essential for Muslim jurists to deal with the Shariah issues particularly in the halal food industry. This is because the area of the halal food industry has expanded and industrialized to accommodate the demand of the Muslim society that keeps increasing year on year. In this regard, the halal-related issues are getting complex and need Shariah clarification since many new food processing involving critical ingredients, equipment, and multi-process which require meticulous Shariah observation on this matter. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the extent to which the employment of the sadd al-dharai' as a credible tool adopted by Muslim jurist in dealing with the halal-related issues triggered in the halal food supply chain stage based on the halal certification process

Limitations of ICT Support in Post-Pandemic E-Learning among Students of Islamic Studies, UiTM Shah Alam

ICT is an important factor in supporting e-learning, especially in the post-pandemic period. However, ICT has also been found to have limitations in supporting e-learning. This study focuses on identifying the limitations of ICT support in pursuing e-learning and methods to address it at the higher education level. The final year student of Islamic studies at the Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam was involved as a respondent (n=87) after screening. The online questionnaire is used as an instrument of data collection as e-learning is still applied. The data is analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics computer software. Friedman’s test results found a significant difference in the variable “Unsatisfactory internet access and coverage” (mean rank: 2.75) with χ2(3)=12.507, ρ=.006, and on the variable “Working in part-time jobs to accommodate the needs” (mean rank: 2.83) with χ2(3)=24.788, ρ=.000. This study suggests unsatisfactory internet access and coverage as a major factor in ICT limitations that is common in pursuing online learning among higher education students in UiTM Shah Alam. The students also had to work part-time jobs to accommodate this need. A qualitative approach, especially ethnography is recommended to be adapted to deepen the real situation based on the current reality of higher education students for future studies

The Concept of Qailulah (Midday Napping) from Neuroscientific and Islamic Perspectives

Napping/siesta during the day is a phenomenon, which is widely practised in the world. However, the timing, frequency, and duration may vary. The basis of napping is also diverse, but it is mainly done for improvement in alertness and general well-being. Neuroscience reveals that midday napping improves memory, enhances alertness, boosts wakefulness and performance, and recovers certain qualities of lost night sleep. Interestingly, Islam, the religion of the Muslims, advocates midday napping primarily because it was a practice preferred by Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). The objectives of this review were to investigate and compare identical key points on focused topic from both neuroscientific and Islamic perspectives and make recommendations for future researches

The Concept of Qailulah (Midday Napping) from Neuroscientific and Islamic Perspectives

Napping/siesta during the day is a phenomenon, which is widely practised in the world. However, the timing, frequency, and duration may vary. The basis of napping is also diverse, but it is mainly done for improvement in alertness and general well-being. Neuroscience reveals that midday napping improves memory, enhances alertness, boosts wakefulness and performance, and recovers certain qualities of lost night sleep. Interestingly, Islam, the religion of the Muslims, advocates midday napping primarily because it was a practice preferred by Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). The objectives of this review were to investigate and compare identical key points on focused topic from both neuroscientific and Islamic perspectives and make recommendations for future researches