Boundary Layer Flow Due To A Moving Flat Plate In Micropolar Fluid

The mathematical model for a boundary layer flow due to a moving flat plate in micropolar fluid is discussed. The plate is moving continuously in the positive x-direction with a constant velocity. The governing boundary-layer equations are solved numerically using an implicit finite-difference scheme. Numerical results presented include the reduced velocity profiles, gyration component profiles and the development of wall shear stress. The results obtained, when the material parameter K = 0 (Newtonian fluid) showed excellent agreement with those for viscous fluids. Further, the wall shear stress increases with increasing K. For fixed K, the wall shear, stress decreases and the gyration component increases with increasing values of n, in the range 0>n>1 where n is a ratio of the gyration vector component and the fluid shear stress at the wall

Adoption as a means of child protection: the law and practice in Malaysia

Adoption in Malaysia is of two kinds; firstly, taking the child of another as a person’s own child, where as a result, the adopted child will stand in equal footing with the natural children of the adoptive parents; and secondly, taking a child of another into a person’s custody without affecting the biological status of the adopted child. This article wishes to discuss the law and practice of adoption in Malaysia as one of the means of child protection. The article will also examine as to whether the law is adequate to protect children who are the subjects of adoption

An appraisal of the application of Fiqh al-Hanafi under Islamic Family Law (Federal Territories) Act 1984

Malaysia is a Muslim country consisting of thirteen States and Federal Territories (Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya). In principal, the official madhhab that is practised in Malaysia is Shafi’i Madhhab and this becomes common to all Malaysians even though it is not officially registered in the identification card of a Malaysian. Accordingly, in many religious affairs and practices, the society is based upon the principles or fiqh al-Shafi’i. Nevertheless, views of other Sunni madhhab is freely practiced by all Malaysians. Furthermore, the codification on Islamic law in the State Enactments in all States in Malaysia is based upon four Sunni schools of law. It follows that the Islamic law in Malaysia is not purely based on the Shafi’i madhhab and in many occasions adopted the view of Hanafi school depending on the adaptability of the opinion to the society. This article deals with the application of fiqh al-Hanafi under the Islamic Family Law (Federal Territories) Act 1984. Analysis will extend to the practices in the Malaysian Syariah Court when dealing with cases involving Muslims and the most appropriate view of the madhhab that is to be adopted by the Syariah Court in order to solve a particular issue. The study employs the qualitative method of study where it only involves library research. It is believed that this research will be beneficial to all who seek knowledge and useful to all researchers, academicians, legal practitioners, students and scholars

Understanding the concept of muslimah spa among the workers of spa at bandar Puncak Alam / Azizah Mohd Zan

Muslim spa is a spa that adheres to Islamic shariah. Another term for spa is the beautification industry, beauty center, wellness and care spa and Islamic spa practices. Spa is the form or term from Latin which is “Solus Per Aqua” that means healing with water in Latin and that the concept of treatment. Issues that arise in the beauty industry are often consumer doubts in the use of products in spa treatments. Issues related to care genitalia also applies when receiving treatment at the spa. Muslim spas are created for Islamic consumers of Islam and especially for women. Women and beauty are inseparable. Therefore, this study is designed to explain the concept of Muslim spa in terms of treatment offered and the types of spa. Among the treatments provided at the spa are generally massage, body bathing, body scrub, sauna, facial and hair treatment. The spa also has many types, including hotel spa, medical spa, and day spa. In addition, this study also examines the elements involved in spa activities such as the use of halal products, genital care and the treatment activities involved. This study is focused on a Muslim spa in the Puncak Alam area. The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of the concept of the Muslim spa in Puncak Alam area. Explanations are supported by previous studies and several articles of relevance. Then the researcher used the arguments from the Qur'anic verse as supporting arguments. This research use the qualitative methodology which is based on interviews and internet search. Most Muslim women in Malaysia will seek Muslim spas for beauty and health care as they keep their genitals closed while receiving treatment

An overview on audio steganography techniques

Steganography is a form of security technique through obscurity; the science and art of hiding the existence of a message between sender and intended recipient. Steganography has been used to hide secret messages in various types of files, including digital images, audio and video. The three most important parameters for audio steganography are imperceptibility, payload (bit rate or capacity), and robustness. Any technique which tries to improve the payload or robustness should preserve imperceptibility. The noise which is introduced due to bit modification would limit payload. This paper presents a categorization of information hiding techniques and overviews those techniques that intend to improve payload and imperceptibility

Vibriosis Vaccine Development: Pathogenesis, Immunological And Molecular Characterization Of Vibrio Alginolyticus

The aim of the research is to develop an effective vaccine against vibriosis. Vibriosis is a bacterial disease caused by Vibrio spp due to the intensive production activity of brackishwater ponds and cage-cultured fish. The pathogenicity study of V alginolyticus was performed by challenging the juvenile seabass (10±0.75 g) with 5 different isolates of V alginolyticus at different cell concentrations. All the isolates caused mortality to fish at a concentration as low as 0.2 optical density (6.28 X 103 CFU/ml). Ultrastructure changes observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, revealed the presence of V .alginolyticus in the gills, liver, muscle, spleen and kidney of infected fish. In addition, the V .alginolyticus cells were observed in the spleen. These pathological changes showed that V alginolyticus was responsible for the death of the infected seabass

Design And Analysis Of Three-To-Five-Phase Transformer For Multiphase Load

This research is focusing on a development of a multiphase transformer, or more specifically a three-to-five-phase transformer. The development of this transformer is based on the manipulation of the phasor diagram. The two input voltage phasors are added together in order to generate the output voltage on the secondary side of the three-to-five-phase transformer. The connection is modelled and validated in finite elements methods (FEM) software prior to the fabrication process. The performance of the developed three-to-five-phase transformer is analysed experimentally using No-load test and then followed by using two types of load; static resistance (R) and inductive (L) load and finally with the dynamic load. The No-load test is performed to verify the calculated phase to phase turn ratio, which in this case is 1: 1. Thus, the amplitude of the output voltage is equal to the input voltage. For the static load test, each phase of the transformer is connected to the R load and the RL load that connected in series. Then, the analysis of the three-to-five-phase transformer with dynamic load is conducted by using a five-phase squirrel cage induction motor. The developed transformer is supplying the motor that has been coupled with electromagnetic brake. The braking power of the electromagnetic brake can be increased or decreased by varying the variable DC voltage supply. This experiment has been carried out to represent the actual load as in the industrial machineries or equipment. Therefore, the successful of static transformation design is elaborated by using the simulation and experimentation method. The simulations result is capable to generate five-phase output and the five-phase induction motor under loaded condition is used to prove the viability of the transformation system. Finally, it is expected that the development of three-to-five-phase transformer can be used for drives application and may also be further explored to be utilized in power transmission system

DNA Barcoding: the Molecular Detective

The existing taxonomic identification of most taxa has mainly been throughmorphological characters. However, there are limitations to relying primarily on morphology when attempting to identify species during various stages of their development or when examining fragmentary or processed remains. DNA barcoding is a diagnostic tool in which short DNA sequences are utilised for species identification. We describe here some of the works that have been conducted in our laboratory as well with collaborators on the utilisation of this techniqu

Intercountry Adoption in Malaysia and Morocco: A New Frontier

Intercountry adoption offers a family-based care option for children in need of care and protection. It allows them to find loving and permanent homes outside their birth country, providing them with stability, support, and a sense of belonging essential for their well-being. The Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Cooperation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption 1993 (Hague Convention 1993) serves as the primary international legal instrument governing intercountry adoption. Despite its importance, intercountry adoption remains relatively uncommon in Malaysia, as the country lacks specific statutory provisions and is not a signatory to the Hague Convention 1993. The purpose of this study is to examine the current state of intercountry adoption in Malaysia and Morocco and explore the viability of intercountry adoption as a child protection measure. The study involves interviews with relevant departments and an examination of Malaysia's current adoption laws. Additionally, the study analyses the international legal framework, including the Hague Convention 1993 and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 (UNCRC) to provide a comprehensive understanding of the context surrounding intercountry adoption. Furthermore, this paper offers a comparative analysis of Morocco's intercountry kafalah system, which recognises kafalah as an alternative to legal adoption based on Islamic law. The findings of this study will offer valuable insights and recommendations for enhancing Malaysia's approach to intercountry adoption. By considering best practices and international standards, this research seeks to ensure the well-being and protection of children in need of care and protection, promoting their access to a stable and nurturing family environment

Child’s right to life in the light of the objectives of Islamic Law (Maqasid al-Shari’ah)

Right to Life is one of the Fundamental Rights that is guaranteed to all including children. This right is recognized by all legal systems in the world nationally and internationally. Many scholarly writings also pronounced the value of children’s rights in many perspectives. Currently, Children’s right to life is simply violated by some in order to preserve their own personal interest. Islamic law (the Shari’ah) regards that right to life is one of the most essential values that deserves protection, the neglect of which will result to destruction and disorder in the society. Therefore, under Islamic law, protection of child’s right to life becomes one of the most important objectives of the Shari’ah. This paper seeks to research the underlying principle behind protection of life in Islam in particular child’s right to life. The research focuses on examining the Child’s right to life in the light of the objectives of Islamic law (Maqasid al-Shari’ah). Discussion includes examination on means and ways of protection that guarantee protection of child’s right to life in Islam. The research will mainly employ library research. Primary references will be the Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet (pbuh) as they serve as primary sources of Islamic law. Other references will include primary and contemporary works and writings of Muslim scholars on protection of children’s rights to life in Islam. It is hoped that the findings of this research will provide additional resources on protection of children’s rights beneficial to all legal practitioners, academics, students, researchers and public at large