COMPARATIVE ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF MARKETED GLICLAZIDE FORMULATION WITH GLICLAZIDE LOADED PELLETS CONTAINING GUM KONDAGOGU AS A DRUG RETARDING MATERIAL IN RATS

Controlled drug delivery systems significantly enhances therapeutic efficacy of drugs. Drug retarding polymers are the key performers in such designed systems.Objective: The main objective of study is to evaluate antidiabetic effect of gliclazide loaded pellets developed by green synthesis technique where in gum Kondagogu is used as natural drug retarding polymer and compared with existing Gliclazide Marketed formulation. Methods: The study is carried out in Wistar rats with body weight ranging between 100-220g. Diabetes was induced in animals by injecting alloxan 150mg/kg/bodyweight intraperitoneally (i.p.). Animals were divided into four groups. Group I - Control, Group II- Diabetic Control, Group III- Diabetic treated with Gliclazide Marketed formulation, and Group IV- Diabetic treated with gliclazide loaded pellets orally. Fasting blood glucose levels were estimated at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24 hours to understand the release of the drug from polymer matrix.Results: The results have shown that the on single oral administration of gliclazide loaded pellets coated with gum Kondagogu showed almost similar anti-diabetic activity when compared with marketed formulation  The maximum reduction  in the glucose level were observed at 4th and 6th hour and later the glucose levels were sustained in the same pattern to that of marketed formulation.Conclusion: In the present study, an effort has been made to evaluate the efficacy of gum kondagogu as a novel controlled release matrix forming material and thus it could be concluded that gum kondagogu could be a controlled release matrix polymer and be a suitable substituent to existing synthetic polymers for drug retardation in the pharmaceutical industry. KEYWORDS: Gum Kondagogu, Gliclazide, tree gum exudates, natural drug retarding materia

Antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Leucas cephalotes (Roxb.ex Roth) Spreng

The whole plant of the methanolic extract from Leucas cephalotes was screened for invitro antioxidant (using the DPPH method), invivo analgesic (using hot plate test in mice) and anti-inflammatory (using rat paw edema test) activities. The methanolic extract of Leucas cephalotes (MELC) scavenged the DPPH radicals in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 value to scavenge DPPH radicals was found to be 421.3µg/ml. A significant (pO extrato metanólico total de Leucas cephalotes foi submetido à triagem para as atividades antioxidante in vitro (utilizando o método DPPH), analgésica (utilizando teste da placa quente, em camundongos) e antiinflamatória (utilizando teste de edema da pata de rato), nas doses de 200 e 400 mg/kg. O extrato metanólico de Leucas cephalotes (MELC) inativou radicais difenil picril hidrazila (DPPH) de forma dose-dependente. O IC50 para essa atividade foi de 421,3 µg/mL. Observou-se atividade analgésica significativa (

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf extract of Kydia calycina Roxb.

The methanol extract of leaves of Kydia calycina Roxb. was screened for the analgesic (using hot plate test and acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice) and anti-inflammatory (using rat paw edema test) activity at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. A significant (p<0.0005) analgesic effect was observed with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg in both tests. The maximum anti-inflammatory response was produced at 3 hour with extract doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. These results suggest that the methanol extract of K. calycina hasexhibited significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, which were comparable with standard drugs

Preparation, Characterisation and In Vivo Evaluation of Silybin Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis

Purpose: To formulate and characterize nanoparticles containing silybin, and evaluate their activity against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver toxicity. Methods: Silybin nanoparticles were formulated by o/w emulsion solvent evaporation technique using poly-ε-caprolactone as polymer. Four different nanoparticle formulations (NP1, NP2, NP3 and NP4) were prepared by varying the drug/polymer ratio. The particles were characterized for particle size, drug content and in vitro drug release. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the silybin formulations in male Wistar rats were evaluated following i.v. administration, using silybin solution as reference. The hepatoprotective activity of the formulations was also determined in a CCl4-treated rat model. Results: Silybin nanoparticles were successfully prepared using o/w emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The nanoparticles sustained the release of the drug both in vitro and in vivo for up to 10 days and offered better pharmacokinetic properties than the free drug itself. Intravenous nanoparticulate administration reversed serum liver enzyme levels by 95 % compared to only 50 % for the drug solution. Conclusion: The developed silybin nanoparticles showed superior pharmacokinetic properties and hepatoprotective activity to silybin solution

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf extract of Kydia calycina Roxb.

The methanol extract of leaves of Kydia calycina Roxb. was screened for the analgesic (using hot plate test and acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice) and anti-inflammatory (using rat paw edema test) activity at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. A significant (p<0.0005) analgesic effect was observed with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg in both tests. The maximum anti-inflammatory response was produced at 3 hour with extract doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. These results suggest that the methanol extract of K. calycina has exhibited significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, which were comparable with standard drugs