An Intelligent Tutoring System for Teaching Grammar English Tenses

The evolution of Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) is the result of the amount of research in the field of education and artificial intelligence in recent years. English is the third most common languages in the world and also is the internationally dominant in the telecommunications, science and trade, aviation, entertainment, radio and diplomatic language as most of the areas of work now taught in English. Therefore, the demand for learning English has increased. In this paper, we describe the design of an Intelligent Tutoring System for teaching English language grammar to help students learn English grammar easily and smoothly. The system provides all topics of English grammar and generates a series of questions automatically for each topic for the students to solve. The system adapts with all the individual differences of students and begins gradually with students from easier to harder level. The intelligent tutoring system was given to a group of students of all age groups to try it and to see the impact of the system on students. The results showed a good satisfaction of the students toward the system

Maximum and Minimum Transmittance of a Structure Containing N-Identical Pairs of Left- and Right-Handed Materials

The optical transmission properties of a structure consisting of N identical pairs of left- and right-materials are investigated theoretically and numerically. Maxwell's equations are used to determine the electric and magnetic fields of the incident waves at each layer. Snell's law is applied and the boundary conditions are imposed at each layer interface to calculate Fresnel coefficients. Expressions for reflectance and transmittance of the structure are given in terms of these coefficients. In the numerical results the transmittance of the structure is computed and illustrated as a function of frequency under different values of N. Minimum transmittance is achieved by using high and low opposite refractive indices of left and right materials of each pair of the structure. The frequency band of this transmittance is reduced by decreasing N. Maximum transmittance is demonstrated by using two slabs of the same width and opposite refractive indices placed between two dielectric media of the same kind. The effect of frequency and angle of incidence is very weak in these structures as compared to their all-dielectric counterparts. Moreover the obtained results are in agreement with the law of conservation of energy. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3026

Numerical Study of Negative-Refractive Index Ferrite Waveguide

Consider a magnetized ferrite-wire waveguide structure situated between two half free spaces. Ferrites to provide negative permeability and wire array to provide negative permittivity. The structure form left - handed material (LHM) with negative refractive index. The transmission of electromagnetic waves through the structure is investigated theoretically. Maxwell's equations are used to determine the electric and magnetic fields of the incident waves at each layer. Snell's law is applied and the boundary conditions are imposed at each layer interface to calculate the reflected and transmitted powers of the structure. Numerical results are illustrated to show the effect of frequency, applied magnetic fields, angle of incidence and LHM thickness on the mentioned powers. The analyzed results show that the transmission is very good when the permeability and permittivity of the structure are both simultaneously negative. The frequency band corresponding to this transmission can be tuned by changing the applied magnetic fields. The obtained results are in agreement with the law of conservation of energy. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2489

Mass communication undergraduates’ perception of their communication competence for employability

This study evaluated the perception of mass communication undergraduates with regard to their communication competence for employability.The population sample includes 2015/16 final year mass communication undergraduates of four Nigerian tertiary institutions, namely; Lagos State University (LASU), University of Lagos (Unilag), Yaba College of Technology (Yabatech) and Lagos state Polytechnic (LASPOTECH).The method of research was survey.A five point Likert scale was adopted.A total of 452 questionnaires were administered but only 405 were usable.Descriptive analysis shows that more than half of the respondents were in moderate range in their general communication competence.The result shows that majority are mostly moderate in the four communication competence contexts (public, meeting, group and dyad) as well as receivers (stranger, acquaintance and friend) contexts. The paper includes; introduction, literature review, methodology, results and discussion as well as, implication and conclusion and recommendation for further studies.The study also discovered that communication apprehension affect communication competence.Therefore, the finding has unlocked the prospect of further studies in this area among mass communication undergraduates in Nigeria for the purpose of assessing their level of communication competence vis-a-vis communication apprehension with implication for employability. However, this paper is limited to the communication competence of the respondents

Error-triggered Three-Factor Learning Dynamics for Crossbar Arrays

Recent breakthroughs suggest that local, approximate gradient descent learning is compatible with Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs). Although SNNs can be scalably implemented using neuromorphic VLSI, an architecture that can learn in-situ as accurately as conventional processors is still missing. Here, we propose a subthreshold circuit architecture designed through insights obtained from machine learning and computational neuroscience that could achieve such accuracy. Using a surrogate gradient learning framework, we derive local, error-triggered learning dynamics compatible with crossbar arrays and the temporal dynamics of SNNs. The derivation reveals that circuits used for inference and training dynamics can be shared, which simplifies the circuit and suppresses the effects of fabrication mismatch. We present SPICE simulations on XFAB 180nm process, as well as large-scale simulations of the spiking neural networks on event-based benchmarks, including a gesture recognition task. Our results show that the number of updates can be reduced hundred-fold compared to the standard rule while achieving performances that are on par with the state-of-the-art

On the Uniqueness of Solution of Magnetostatic Vector‐potential Problems by Three‐dimensional Finite‐element Methods

In this paper, particular attention is paid to the impact of finite‐element approximation on uniqueness and to approximations implicit in finite element formulations from the uniqueness requirements standpoint. It is also shown that the flux density is unique without qualifications. The theoretical and numerical uniqueness of the magnetic vector potential in three‐dimensional problems is also given. This analysis is restricted to linear, isotropic media with Dirichlet Boundary conditions. As an interesting consequence of this analysis it is shown that, under usual conditions adopted in obtaining three‐dimensional finite‐element solutions, it is not necessary to specify div Ā in order that Ā be uniquely defined

Osmotic Drug Delivery System of Valsartan

The objective of this study is to design and evaluate a new EOP called swellable elementary osmotic pump (SEOP) of the freely water soluble drug, amitriptyline hydrochloride (1 g /mL) by adding water swellable polymers in the core. The hydrophilic polymers included in the core retard the highly water soluble drug by producing hydrogel within the core, which may restrict and delay the solvent contact with drug molecules and may increase the diffusional length of the solvent to achieve a constant release rate. Thus, this technology can be exploited to achieve constant drug release at predetermined rate especially for highly water soluble drugs