Molecular characterization of local isolates of infectious bursal disease virus from broiler chickens in Iraq

The present study was conducted to characterize a new field isolates of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and partial sequencing of VP2 gene. The virus could be detected in five of seven field samples from broiler chickens in Iraq. Nucleotide sequences of field isolates were compared with 33 reported IBDV strains from different parts of the world. Nucleotide substitutions at I242, Q249, Q252, I256, D279, A284, I294, S326 and S330 specific for very virulent (vv) strains, were maintained in all the field isolates. Deduced amino acid substitutions A222, I242, Q249, Q252, I256, D279, A284, I294, S326 and S330 specific for vvIBDV strains were also present in all the isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the field isolates in the present study were closely related to reported UK (XZh) and Japan (OKYM) field isolates. Further comprehensive investigations will provide more information on the distribution, variability, phylogenetic relationships of different vvIBDV isolate in Iraq and other parts of the worlds

A numerical Approach for solving classes of Linear and Nonlinear Volterra Integral Equations by Chebyshev polynomial

In this paper we propose a numerical method for solving classes of of linear and nonlinear Volterraintegral equations having regular as well as weakly singular kernels. The method is based upon replacingthe unknown function by a truncated shifted Chebyshev series. This yeilds either a linear system ofalgebraic equations that can be solved using matrix algebra or a nonlinear system that can be solved byNewton’s iterative method. This method is effective and so easy to apply with low cost of computingoperations. The accuracy and efficiency of the method can be shown through the illustrated numericalexamples.keywords: Volterra integral equations, Newton’s method, Simpson’s method, Chebyshev polynomials,Shifted Chebyshev polynomials.Mathematics Subject Classification: 45B05 , 45Bxx , 65R1

Holograms in Optical Wireless Communications

Adaptive beam steering in optical wireless communication (OWC) system has been shown to offer performance enhancements over traditional OWC systems. However, an increase in the computational cost is incurred. In this chapter, we introduce a fast hologram selection technique to speed up the adaptation process. We propose a fast delay, angle and power adaptive holograms (FDAPA-Holograms) approach based on a divide and conquer methodology and evaluate it with angle diversity receivers in a mobile optical wireless (OW) system. The fast and efficient fully adaptive FDAPA-Holograms system can improve the receiver signal to noise ratio (SNR) and reduce the required time to estimate the position of the receiver. The adaptation techniques (angle, power and delay) offer a degree of freedom in the system design. The proposed system FDAPA-Holograms is able to achieve high data rate of 5 Gb/s with full mobility. Simulation results show that the proposed 5 Gb/s FDAPA-Holograms achieves around 13 dB SNR under mobility and under eye safety regulations. Furthermore, a fast divide and conquer search algorithm is introduced to find the optimum hologram as well as to reduce the computation time. The proposed system (FDAPA-Holograms) reduces the computation time required to find the best hologram location from 64 ms using conventional adaptive system to around 14 ms

Uplink Design in VLC Systems with IR Sources and Beam Steering

The need for high-speed local area networks to meet the recent developments in multimedia and video transmission applications has recently focused interest on visible light communication (VLC) systems. Although VLC systems provide lighting and communications simultaneously from light emitting diodes, LEDs, the uplink channel design in such a system is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a solution in which the uplink challenge in indoor VLC is resolved by the use of an Infrared (IR) link. We introduce a novel fast adaptive beam steering IR system (FABS-IR) to improve the uplink performance at high data rates while providing security for applications. The goal of our proposed system is to enhance the received optical power signal, speed up the adaptation process and mitigate the channel delay spread when the system operates at a high transmission rate. The channel delay spread is minimised from 0.22 ns given by hybrid diffuse IR link to almost 0.07 ns. At 2.5 Gb/s, our results show that the imaging FABS-IR system accomplished about 11.7 dB signal to noise ratio (SNR) in the presence of multipath dispersion, receiver noise and transmitter mobility

Progressive Collapse Resistance of RC Beam–Slab Substructures Made with Rubberized Concrete

Abnormal loads can produce localized damage that can eventually cause progressive collapse of the whole reinforced concrete (RC) structure. This might have devastating financial repercussions and cause numerous severe casualties. Numerical simulation, using the finite element method (FEM), of the consequences of abnormal loads on buildings is thus required to avoid the significant expenses associated with testing full-scale buildings and to save time. In this paper, FEM simulations, using ABAQUS software, were employed to investigate the progressive collapse resistance of the full-scale three-dimensional (3D) beam–slab substructures, considering two concrete mixes, namely: normal concrete (NC) and rubberized concrete (RuC) which was made by incorporating crumb rubber at 20% by volume replacement for sand. The FEM accuracy and dependability were validated using available experimental test results. Concrete and steel material non-linearity were considered in the FE modelling. The numerical study is extended to include eight new models with various specifics (a set of parameters) for further understanding of progressive collapse. Results showed that slabs contribute more than a third of the load resistance, which also significantly improves the building’s progressive collapse resistance. Moreover, the performance of the RuC specimens was excellent in the catenary stage, which develops additional resilience to significant deformation to prevent or even mitigate progressive collapse

Laser celaning process for the removal of surface contaminants, corrosion and paint

Laser cleaning is an ideal technology that replace conventional chemical technique for coating removal process. This unique technique can remove coating layer without defect the metal substrate surface. Laser cleaning process can be use in many industrial application such as Automotive industries and petrochemical industires. Archaeological sites of restoration possible with laser cleanin

Electrocardiographic Abnormalities Among Arsenic-exposed Persons Through Groundwater in Bangladesh

This study was carried out among arsenic-exposed and non-exposed people of Bangladesh to assess and compare their cardiac status based on electrocardiographic (ECG) findings. For the purpose of the study, participants were included in three groups: arsenic-exposed persons with arsenicosis (arsenicosis group), arsenic-exposed persons without arsenicosis (non-arsenicosis group), and persons not exposed to arsenic (non-exposed group). Each group included 50 respondents. In this study, no significant difference in heart rate, rhythm, axis, and pulse rate interval was detected among the arsenicosis, non-arsenicosis and non-exposed groups. A significant difference in corrected QT interval between the arsenicosis and the non-exposed group (p<0.05) was observed. On the contrary, no statistically significant difference in corr-ected QT interval between the non-arsenicosis and the non-exposed group was found. Abnormal QRS complex was found among 14%, 8%, and 2% of the arsenicosis, non-arsenicosis, and non-exposed groups respectively. ECG findings, indicative of left ventricular hypertrophy, ischaemic heart disease, andright bundle branch block, were high among the arsenicosis group. Overall, abnormal ECG findings were high (58%) among the respondents of the arsenicosis group and were highly significant (p<0.001). The findings revealed that there was a significant association between ECG abnormalities and arsenic exposure

Online Prostitution and Criminal Law After The Covid-19

With the outbreak of the Corona epidemic and quarantine, the whole world moved to live in the world of the Internet without prior warning, which made us witness the disintegration and lack of morals of society, especially by Tik Tok users. Internet-based activities have become a life necessity, the problem in this journal is how society views that modern phenomenon, how online prostitution can occur and prevent online prostitution, and efforts to prevent and mitigate the crime of prostitution through an online way that can be done through Penal efforts (criminal law) as well as non-criminal efforts (outside the scope of criminal law). From the discussion above problems there is something interesting to be researched and studied as a way to describe and analyze how the causes of prostitution in the online media and its prevention. this study aims to determine how the setting along with the legal view of the sanctions and the prevention of the crime of prostitution is done with the online media. This study uses normative research is secondary data, secondary data obtained in the form of legislation in force, can also be Previous studies Cases on apps and social media sites and others. Effect can be positive and negative. Based on this study it was found that the occurrence of cybercrime in which prostitutions can be run online, is looked one of the negative effects In positive law in force in Indonesia and Egypt, however until now there are very many online prostitution cases that occurred, according to the compilers of the case due to lack of traction on the rule of law and the lack of severity of the sanctions imposed on perpetrators. In conclusion, there are few ways in which our government need to act in order to maintain and give more legal certainty towards the case of online prostitution, and there is no better way than to revise the Law Number 21year 2007 about the Eradication of Human Trafficking crimes. The revised must be focused upon the articles that have a correlation towards the internet as the new tool that can be used by the pimps

Effects of suramin on hormone release by cultured rat anterior pituitary cells

Abstract Suramin is a polyanionic compound which has been used in the treatment of trypanosomiasis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), while preliminary success h