Relationship of pupils' quality of life and academic achievement with the employment status of their mothers

Objective: One of the most important environmental factors affecting academic achievement and performance is the family especially mothers. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between quality of life (QOL) and the academic achievement of pupils with the employment status of their mothers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 9th-grade students in Shiraz. A sample of 400 individuals was selected through a multi-stage sampling method from among the 9th-grade students and a questionnaire on academic achievement and quality of life was completed for them. Then data was entered into spss23 software and analyzed. The value of P <0.05 was considered a significant statistical level. Results: there was no significant difference between students who have employed and Housewife mothers about the student's academic achievements ant QOL score (P>0.05). According to the results of multivariate analysis, none of the variables was a significant predictor of the QOL and academic achievement in the students. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there is not a significant association between the quality of life and academic achievement of students with their mothers' occupatio

Estimativa populacional da prevalência pontual e periódica de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis com base no sistema de vigilância de sintomas iranianos

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are of greate international concerns. The aim of this study was to measure the point and period prevalence of reportable STDs in Iran based on syndromes defined by the Iranian STDs surveillance system. In that regard, the population of Marvdasht, the second largest county of Fars province, was selected. This is a population based cross-sectional study, which was conducted among urban and rural residences of Marvdasht county in 2017. In total, among 11763 randomly sampled individuals, 3879 eligible participants in urban and rural areas of Marvdasht county were interviewed. The participants were on average 33 years old. Overall about 33 percent of men and 70 percent of women reported that, since the age of 15 years, they experienced at least one of the symptoms of selected STDs defined by the Iranian center for disease control (CDC) for surveillance of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Moreover, %9.7 of men and %28.7 of women were suffering from at least one of the defined symptoms at the time of interview. Regardless of the etiology of the detected syndromes, the results highlight the importance of access to diagnostic and medical services to achieve on time diagnosis and treatment of the patients. Also, sexual health education is needed to be provided to the rural and urban sexually active population of Iran.Las enfermedades de transmisión sexual (ETS) son de gran preocupación internacional. El objetivo de este estudio fue medir la prevalencia de punto y período de las ETS notificables en Irán según los síndromes definidos por el sistema de vigilancia iraní de ETS. En ese sentido, se seleccionó la población de Marvdasht, el segundo condado más grande de la provincia de Fars. Este es un estudio transversal basado en la población, que se llevó a cabo entre las residencias urbanas y rurales del condado de Marvdasht en 2017. En total, entre 11763 individuos de muestra aleatoria, se entrevistaron 3879 participantes elegibles en áreas urbanas y rurales del condado de Marvdasht. Los participantes tenían en promedio 33 años. En general, alrededor del 33 por ciento de los hombres y el 70 por ciento de las mujeres informaron que, desde la edad de 15 años, experimentaron al menos uno de los síntomas de las ETS seleccionadas definidas por el centro iraní para el control de la enfermedad (CDC) para la vigilancia de las infecciones de transmisión sexual ( ITS). Además, el% 9,7 de los hombres y el 28,7% de las mujeres sufrían al menos uno de los síntomas definidos en el momento de la entrevista. Independientemente de la etiología de los síndromes detectados, los resultados resaltan la importancia del acceso a los servicios médicos y de diagnóstico para lograr el diagnóstico y el tratamiento a tiempo de los pacientes. Además, es necesario proporcionar educación sobre salud sexual a la población sexualmente activa rural y urbana de Irán.As doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (DSTs) são de grandes preocupações internacionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi medir a prevalência pontual e periódica de DST notificáveis no Irã com base em síndromes definidas pelo sistema de vigilância de DSTs iranianas. A esse respeito, a população de Marvdasht, o segundo maior condado da província de Fars, foi selecionada. Trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional, realizado em residências urbanas e rurais do condado de Marvdasht em 2017. No total, dentre 11763 indivíduos amostrados aleatoriamente, foram entrevistados 3879 participantes elegíveis nas áreas urbana e rural do município de Marvdasht. Os participantes tinham em média 33 anos de idade. No geral, cerca de 33% dos homens e 70% das mulheres relataram que, desde os 15 anos, tiveram pelo menos um dos sintomas das DSTs definidas pelo Centro Iraniano de Controle de Doenças (CDC) para vigilância de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (DSTs). Além disso, % 9.7 de homens e% 28.7 de mulheres sofriam de pelo menos um dos sintomas definidos no momento da entrevista. Independentemente da etiologia das síndromes detectadas, os resultados destacam a importância do acesso aos serviços médicos e diagnósticos para alcançar o diagnóstico e tratamento oportuno dos pacientes. Além disso, é necessário fornecer educação em saúde sexual para a população rural e urbana sexualmente ativa do Irã

The effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercises on the plasma irisin levels, HOMA-IR, and lipid profiles in women with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial

Background/objective Irisin is suggested to be an exercise beneficial effects mediator. This study aimed to examine the effects of the aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE), and combined exercise (CE) on the plasma levels of irisin and some metabolic and anthropometric indices. Methods Sixty overweight women with metabolic syndrome were assigned equally into four groups: AE, RE, CE, and control. The study variables were measured before and 24 h after the intervention period. Results None of the study groups showed statistically significant changes in the serum irisin. However, muscle mass significantly increased in the RE and CE groups. Also, a significant decrease was observed in the body fat percentage in all groups. In addition, compared with the control group, the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance in the AE (p = 0.021), RE (p = 0.039), and in the CE (p = 0.003) groups reduced significantly. According to the analysis of indices’ changes, serum irisin was significantly correlated with the body fat percentage (r = 0.532) and HOMA-IR (r = 0.424). Conclusions The systematic exercise program for 8-weeks did not change circulating irisin and no statistically significant difference was observed between the exercise methods. Also, serum irisin seemed to be associated with the glycemic status, body fat and weight independent of exercise activity.publishedVersionUnit Licence Agreemen

Evaluation of Conducting Phone Interviews on Sexual Behavior: An Iranian Population-Based Study

Background: Phone interview is a safe way for collecting sensitive data due to no need for direct contact with the interviewees and their privacy. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and validity of phone interviewing using mobile phones to collect sensitive information related to the participants’ sexual behavior. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the sexually active population of Marvdasht, Iran, from 2017-2018. Results: A total of 5,894 individuals (2,991 from urban and 2,903 from rural areas) from both genders (n = 3,202 males vs. n = 2,692 females) with an age range of 18-50 years were included in this study. The participation rate was convincing (92.18%), and the response rate to all questions was also very high (99.1%). According to the results, gender and place of residency had statistically significant associations with the rates of participation and response. Conclusions: The results suggested that a phone interview is a potentially useful method for gathering sensitive information in Iranian population, a community with a religious background

Maternal haemoglobin level and vitamin D supplementation during infancy in the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort : effects on growth and development

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Withdrawing attempt and its related factors among Iranian substance users: a case-control study

Abstract Background Substance dependence is considered as an important health disorder with a wide and serious range of psychosocial effects. With regard to the large number of people with substance dependency in Iran and high failure rate of quitting attempts, the aim of this study was to identify contributing factors to quitting substance dependency among patients in Yasuj the capital of Kohgilooyeh and Boyerahmad province. Methods This case-control study was conducted on 150 current substance users (as control group) and 187 patients who voluntarily introduced themselves to governmental and private residential treatment camps (as case group). The participants in the case group were selected via two stage cluster sampling among those admitted to residential treatment camps. Those in the control group were selected via snowball sampling among current substance users. Results Based on the results from multiple logistic regression analysis, significant associations were observed between attempting to withdraw substance use and father’s education (OR high school or university /illiterate = 0.36, 95%CI: 0.18 to 0.72, P = 0.004) and smoking (OR yes/no = 4.26, 95%CI = 1.90 to 9.57, P < 0.001) were identified. Conclusions This study introduced father’s education as an obstacle to attempting to quit substance dependency. This finding can be justified by easier access to money and therefore less financial pressure in providing drugs among those with wealthier families. Also, smoking was more common among those who registered with the camps. This is possibly due to the quitters attempt to replace the drugs with cigar smoking as an alternative. Training families in helping their members in preventing or quitting substance dependency is a potentially useful approach. Studies are needed to define whether the common belief that smoking helps in withdrawing substance use is helpful

Prediction of arterial blood ph and partial pressure of carbon dioxide from venous blood samples in patients receiving mechanical ventilation

Substitution of arterial with venous blood samples to estimate blood gas status is highly preferable due to practical and safety concerns. Numerous studies support the substitution of arterial by venous blood samples, reporting strong correlations between arterial and venous values. This study further investigated the predictive ability of venous blood samples for arterial Acid-Base Balance (pH) and pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO 2 ). Participants were 51 post-brain surgery patients receiving mechanical ventilation, who had blood samples taken simultaneously from radial artery of the wrist and elbow vein. Results showed significant associations between arterial and venous pH and pCO 2 . However, the variation of regression residuals was not homogenous, and the regression line did not fit properly to the data, indicating that simple linear regression is sub-optimal for prediction of arterial pH and pCO 2 by venous blood sample. Although highly significant correlations were found between arterial and venous blood pH and pCO 2 , the results did not support the reliability of prediction of arterial blood pH and pCO 2 by venous blood samples across a range of concentrations

Family and social predictors of substance use disorder in Iran: a case-control study

Abstract Background The problem of substance use disorder in Iran is of great national concern. The aim of this study was to measure the association between substance use disorder and demographic, social and behavioral factors in Yasuj city, located at southwest of Iran. Methods As the second phase of a previously published study, this case-control study was conducted in 2015–2016 on 362 addicted participants and 207 controls (with no history of substance use disorder). The control group was selected from male hospital visitors in Yasuj city during the same period of selection of the case group. The required information was collected via a self-administered questionnaire. Results Based on the results of multivariate analysis, significant associations were found between the number of sisters (OR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.68 to 0.99, P = 0.04), history of smoking (ORyes/no = 19.89, 95%CI = 10.02 to 39.49, P < 0.001), leisure time activity (ORwith friends/home = 8.98, 95%CI = 3.99 to 20.19, P < 0.001) and substance use disorder. Conclusion This study introduced smoking, number of sisters, education and way of spending leisure time as predictors of substance use disorder. Among these factors, smoking was the most powerful risk factor and spending leisure time with family and having sister were the most powerful preventive factors for substance use disorder