Utjecaj pariteta na profil masnih kiselina devinog mlijeka (Camelus dromedarius) u pogledu potencijalne važnosti za ljudsko zdravlje

The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of parity on the proportion of fatty acids with potential health significance in camel milk fat. Milk samples were collected from four multiparous and four primiparous camels in intensive husbandry at mid-lactation stage. Fatty acid methyl esters were analysed by gas chromatography in conjunction with a flame ionisation detector. Parity had a significant effect on fat and total solids content (p0.05). Primipara camels produced milk richer (p0.05). Overall, the milk fat of primiparous camels appears to have a relatively high nutritional value, as it contained higher levels of beneficial fatty acids and lower levels of saturated fatty acids.Cilj ove studije bio je istražiti utjecaj pariteta na udio masnih kiselina s potencijalnim zdravstvenim značajem u masti devinog mlijeka. Uzorci mlijeka prikupljeni su od četiri višerotke i četiri prvorotke koje su držane u intenzivnom sustavu u srednjem stupnju laktacije. Metilni esteri masnih kiselina analizirani su plinskom kromatografijom u kombinaciji s plamenoionizacijskim detektorom. Paritet je značajno utjecao na udio masti i ukupnu suhu tvar (p0,05). Mlijeko primiparnih deva sadržavalo je veće udjele (p0,05). Zaključno, čini se da mliječna mast prvorotkinja ima relativno visoku hranjivu vrijednost budući da je sadržavala veće udjele korisnih masnih kiselina i manje udjele zasićenih masnih kiselina

Y chromosome haplotype characterization of Tunisian sheep breeds

This study aimed to investigate Y chromosomal haplotypes in the main Tunisian sheep breeds. For this purpose, we sequenced 2 regions of SRY (549-bp and 598-bp fragments) and 1 region in each of the AMELY and DBY genes in Barbarin, Western Thin Tail, Sicilo Sarde, and Black Thibar breeds. In addition, we analyzed the diversity at the SRYM18 microsatellite locus and detected 4 alleles of 139, 141, 143, and 145 bp. The sequencing analysis did not reveal any polymorphism in the AMELY or DBY regions; however, 2 samples carried the G allele in the 549-bp fragment of SRY. A total of 5 haplotypes, H4, H5, H6, H8, and H12, were found in the 4 breeds. The most common haplotype was H8 (55.5%), followed by H6 (34.5%), while other haplotypes were observed at low frequencies. H4 and H5 haplotypes were observed only in Western Thin Tail and Black Thibar breeds, respectively. In spite of the small area of Tunisia, a high Y chromosome diversity was observed. The results underlined the genetic relation of Tunisian sheep breeds with Middle Eastern, African, and European sheep breedsPublishe

Genetic polymorphism in goat. Study of the kappa casein, the betalactlobulin and the coenzyme a desaturasegenes

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Impact of parity on the profile of fatty acids with potential importance for human health in camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk

The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of parity on the proportion of fatty acids with potential health significance in camel milk fat. Milk samples were collected from four multiparous and four primiparous camels in intensive husbandry at mid-lactation stage. Fatty acid methyl esters were analysed by gas chromatography in conjunction with a flame ionisation detector. Parity had a significant effect on fat and total solids content (p0.05). Primipara camels produced milk richer (p0.05). Overall, the milk fat of primiparous camels appears to have a relatively high nutritional value, as it contained higher levels of beneficial fatty acids and lower levels of saturated fatty acids

Sexual size dimorphism and morphometric sexing in a North African population of Laughing Doves Spilopelia senegalensis

Like the majority of Columbiformes, the Laughing Dove Spilopelia senegalensis is sexually monomorphic in plumage, but seems to be slightly dimorphic in size. However, due to the lack of studies little is known about the sexual size dimorphism in this species. In this work, we used morphometric data on a sample of 61 Laughing Doves from southern Tunisia, and sexed using a DNA-based method, to assess size differences between males and females and to determine a discriminant function useful for sex identification. The results showed that wing length was the most dimorphic trait, which could be due to the effects of sexual selection. The best function for the discrimination between sexes included wing length and head length, which is comparable with findings on other dove species. This discriminant function accurately classified 89% of birds, providing a rapid and accurate tool for sex identification in the studied population. Further data from different populations are needed for firmer conclusions about the extent of sexual size dimorphism and the reliability of the morphometric sexing approach in this dove species.Keywords: discriminant function, Laughing Dove, morphometric sexing, sexual size dimorphism, Tunisi

The contents of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), trans C18:1 and odd and branched chain fatty acids in camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk fat under intensive and semi-intensive management systems

Trabajo presentado a la 5th Conference of the International Society of Camelid Research and Development (ISOCARD), celebrada en Laâyoune (Marruecos) del 12 al 15 de noviembre de 2018.Peer reviewe

Genetic polymorphism of the K-casein (CSN3) gene in goats reared in Southern Italy

K-casein (K-CN) represents one of the most important proteins determining the manufacturing properties of milk,<br />because of its essential role in micelle formation and stabilisation.<br />Several genetic variants of K-CN have been described in goats. To investigate the occurrence of seven alleles and their<br />distribution among breeds, a total of 170 animals, from six different breeds reared in Italy (Cilentana Nera, Derivata di<br />Siria, Maltese, Jonica, Garganica and Cashmere), have been analysed in this paper by the primer extension method.<br />Alleles A and B were found to be the most represented in all the analysed breeds; allele D is present only in Maltese and<br />Cashmere animals with a very low frequency; while allele G has been found in all but two (Garganica and Cashmere)<br />breeds. Alleles C, E and F were not present in the material used for this study

Impact of management system and lactation stage on fatty acid composition of camel milk

This study aimed to investigate the impact of management system and lactation stage on camel milk fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on odd and branched-chain FA (OBCFA), conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), and trans-FA (TFA). Milk samples were collected from thirteen camels managed under intensive and semi-intensive systems at early, mid, and late lactation. Our results provided for the first time the OBCFA profile in camel milk. Eleven OBCFA were identified with a predominance of C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C17:0, and C17:0. The vaccenic acid (VA) was the predominant TFA; other isomers appeared in smaller amounts. The Δ9-desaturase activity measured as desaturation index of C14:0 was relatively high in the mammary gland of camel. Milk from the semi-intensive system was characterized by a higher nutritional value, due to the higher contents of total CLA, rumenic acid (RA), VA, linoleic, α-linolenic, and polyunsaturated FA compared with milk from the intensive system. Few differences were found in the OBCFA profile throughout lactation. Our study provided deeper information on FA composition, showing that camel milk is a good source of OBCFA, RA and VA. These results have to be taken into account in the investigation of the functional properties of camel milk fat as well as in the ongoing intensification of camel farming systems.The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Ministry of Higher Education and Research and the University of Gabès for providing a scholarship fund to the corresponding author. This work was supported by the Arid Lands Institute, Medenine, Tunisia; Institution of Agriculture Research and High Education, Tunisia; Ministry of Higher Education and Research, Tunisia; and the Institute of Food Science Research, Madrid, Spain.Peer reviewe

Y Chromosome haplotype analysis in two tunisian sheep breeds: abstract

Publishe

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the open reading frame (ORF) of prion protein gene (PRNP) in Nigerian livestock species

Abstract Background Prion diseases, also known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) remain one of the deleterious disorders, which have affected several animal species. Polymorphism of the prion protein (PRNP) gene majorly determines the susceptibility of animals to TSEs. However, only limited studies have examined the variation in PRNP gene in different Nigerian livestock species. Thus, this study aimed to identify the polymorphism of PRNP gene in Nigerian livestock species (including camel, dog, horse, goat, and sheep). We sequenced the open reading frame (ORF) of 65 camels, 31 village dogs and 12 horses from Nigeria and compared with PRNP sequences of 886 individuals retrieved from public databases. Results All the 994 individuals were assigned into 162 haplotypes. The sheep had the highest number of haplotypes (n = 54), and the camel had the lowest (n = 7). Phylogenetic tree further confirmed clustering of Nigerian individuals into their various species. We detected five non-synonymous SNPs of PRNP comprising of G9A, G10A, C11G, G12C, and T669C shared by all Nigerian livestock species and were in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE). The amino acid changes in these five non-synonymous SNP were all “benign” via Polyphen-2 program. Three SNPs G34C, T699C, and C738G occurred only in Nigerian dogs while C16G, G502A, G503A, and C681A in Nigerian horse. In addition, C50T was detected only in goats and sheep. Conclusion Our study serves as the first to simultaneously investigate the polymorphism of PRNP gene in Nigerian livestock species and provides relevant information that could be adopted in programs targeted at breeding for prion diseases resistance