L'apprendimento della filosofia tra rinnovamento metodologico e fedelt\ue0 epistemologica

Riflessioni sulla didattica della filosofia a partire dal documento MIUR "Orientamenti per l'apprendimento della filosofia nella societ\ue0 della conoscenza"The essay answers to invitation to dialogue with writers of Orientamenti per l\u2019insegnamento della filosofia nella societ\ue0 della conoscenza, issued by MIUR in October 2017. The focus is to explore why and how renovate teaching philosophy is doable: the matters of critique and competence are analysed and discussed, because they feel like the philosophy core, seen both as a knowledge and as a learning. The goal is to investigate what the philosophical doing deeply is; therefore, the paper offers some thoughts and a proposal about Sillabo di filosofia per competenz

Formazione alla e per la cittadinanza: un'esperienza e alcune riflessioni

Resocondo di un'esperienza della SFI - sezione lombarda e alcune riflessioni sul ruolo formativo della filosofi

Viaggio alla (ri)scoperta dell’identità personale: stare nel limite e aprirsi allo statuto relazionale

L'articolo propone un itinerario esplorativo delle questioni e sfide inerenti l'identità umana tramite la metafora del viaggi

Tra limite e relazione. Un itinerario verso il riconoscimento, la consapevolezza e la riappropriazione dell'identità personale

This paper aims at exploring the issue of human identity. Although we tend to talk about “liquid identity” or to exclude ontological definitions, the current political, economic and social environment forces us to define a deeper and more objective foundation of human identity. The proposed analysis focuses on the notion of travel as a journey towards a meta-reflection on human existence and experience. Following a semantic and theoretical analysis of the concepts of "limit" and "relation", this paper discusses the existence of an objective and infinite ontological human core, which requires care for the self and towards the other. Il testo intende esplorare la questione dell’identità umana. Benché attualmente si tenda a concepire l’identità in termini “liquidi” o si eviti una concezione specificamente ontologica, gli eventi politici, economici e sociali che stiamo recentemente attraversando impongono di definire una fondazione profonda e oggettiva dell’identità umana. L’esplorazione proposta si concentra sul viaggio come “itinerario” di una meta-riflessione sull’esistenza ed esperienza umana. Mediante l’analisi semantica e teoretica dei concetti di “limite” e “relazione”, il testo argomenta l’esistenza nella natura umana di un nucleo ontologico oggettivo e infinito, che richiede cura di sé e verso l’altro

L’impatto delle tecnologie digitali nella definizione dell’identità dell’adolescente: una riflessione filosofica

This paper aims to explore the relationship between digital communication and the development of teenagers’ identity, focusing on the contribution that philosophy may make to this issue. Digital technologies and the Net have transformed the relational categories of both ‘time’ and ‘space’; therefore, communication has changed beyond our awareness of the devices used to communicate. In particular, young people (i.e. digital natives) find it difficult not to rely on social networks or digital devices (whose two key features are speed and fragmentation) to share information or send messages, thus interacting without ever meeting each other. This framework has contaminated also the learning environment. There is an open debate between those who foster the use of technology because they think it improves students’ creativity and students’ involvement, and those who warn about the danger of using exclusively technological devices and methods, which could prevent the critical thinking needed to approach the real world holistically. Philosophical thinking can help carry out an anthropological review of these issues; in fact, philosophy ‘reads’ the reality by reconnecting it with its founding principles. Therefore, it is possible to define how communication and relationships should be in order to stand out as genuine and human. In particular, it is essential to focus on identity, which is the core of adolescence, and investigate the needs concerning identity and relational structure of human beings. It follows that philosophical experience in learning is a chance to change our perception of properties and values which may be considered outdated. However, it is even more important to gain wisdom and knowledge worthy of our historical period and of human needs

Selective targeting of proteins by hybrid polyoxometalates: Interaction between a bis-biotinylated hybrid conjugate and avidin

The Keggin-type polyoxometalate [\u3b3-SiW10O36]8 12 was covalently modified to obtain a bis-biotinylated conjugate able to bind avidin. Spectroscopic studies such as UV-vis, fluorimetry, circular dichroism, coupled to surface plasmon resonance technique were used to highlight the unique interplay of supramolecular interactions between the homotetrameric protein and the bis-functionalized polyanion. In particular, the dual recognition mechanism of the avidin encompasses (i) a complementary electrostatic association between the anionic surface of the polyoxotungstate and each positively charged avidin subunit and (ii) specific host-guest interactions between each biotinylated arm and a corresponding pocket on the tetramer subunits. The assembly exhibits peroxidase-like reactivity and it was used in aqueous solution for L-methionine methyl ester oxidation by H2O2. The recognition phenomenon was then exploited for the preparation of layer-by-layer films, whose structural evolution was monitored in situ by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Finally, cell tracking studies were performed by exploiting the specific interactions with a labeled streptavidin

Clinical correlates of "pure" essential tremor: the TITAN study

BackgroundTo date, there are no large studies delineating the clinical correlates of "pure" essential tremor (ET) according to its new definition.MethodsFrom the ITAlian tremor Network (TITAN) database, we extracted data from patients with a diagnosis of "pure" ET and excluded those with other tremor classifications, including ET-plus, focal, and task-specific tremor, which were formerly considered parts of the ET spectrum.ResultsOut of 653 subjects recruited in the TITAN study by January 2022, the data of 208 (31.8%) "pure" ET patients (86M/122F) were analyzed. The distribution of age at onset was found to be bimodal. The proportion of familial cases by the age-at-onset class of 20 years showed significant differences, with sporadic cases representing the large majority of the class with an age at onset above 60 years. Patients with a positive family history of tremor had a younger onset and were more likely to have leg involvement than sporadic patients despite a similar disease duration. Early-onset and late-onset cases were different in terms of tremor distribution at onset and tremor severity, likely as a function of longer disease duration, yet without differences in terms of quality of life, which suggests a relatively benign progression. Treatment patterns and outcomes revealed that up to 40% of the sample was unsatisfied with the current pharmacological options.DiscussionThe findings reported in the study provide new insights, especially with regard to a possible inversed sex distribution, and to the genetic backgrounds of "pure" ET, given that familial cases were evenly distributed across age-at-onset classes of 20 years. Deep clinical profiling of "pure" ET, for instance, according to age at onset, might increase the clinical value of this syndrome in identifying pathogenetic hypotheses and therapeutic strategies

Prognostic value of copeptin and mid-regional proadrenomedullin in COVID-19-hospitalized patients.

BackgroundBiomarkers are used for diagnosis, risk stratification and medical decisions. Copeptin and mid-regional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) are markers of stress and endothelial function, respectively, which have been studied in pneumonia, sepsis and septic shock. This study aimed to assess whether copeptin and MR-proADM could predict coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in-hospital outcomes, that is multi-system complications, length of stay and mortality.MethodsCopeptin and MR-proADM were assessed at admission in 116 patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Data were retrospectively extracted from an online database. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. The secondary endpoints were in-hospital complications, the composite outcome 'death, or admission to intensive care unit, or in-hospital complications', and length of stay. The predictive power was expressed as area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC).ResultsCopeptin was increased in non-survivors (median 29.7 [interquartile range 13.0-106.2] pmol/L) compared to survivors (10.9 [5.9-25.3] pmol/L, p  25.3 pmol/L. MR-proADM differentiated survivors (0.8 [0.6-1.1] nmol/L) from non-survivors (1.5 [1.1-2.8] nmol/L, p  1.0 nmol/L. Copeptin and MR-proADM predicted sepsis (AUROC 0.95 and 0.96 respectively), acute kidney injury (0.87 and 0.90), the composite outcome (0.69 and 0.75) and length of stay (r = 0.42, p ConclusionsAdmission MR-proADM and copeptin may be implemented for early risk stratification in COVID-19-hospitalized patients to help identify those eligible for closer monitoring and care intensification

Data-driven clustering of combined Functional Motor Disorders based on the Italian registry

Functional Motor Disorders (FMDs) represent nosological entities with no clear phenotypic characterization, especially in patients with multiple (combined FMDs) motor manifestations. A data-driven approach using cluster analysis of clinical data has been proposed as an analytic method to obtain non-hierarchical unbiased classifications. The study aimed to identify clinical subtypes of combined FMDs using a data-driven approach to overcome possible limits related to "a priori" classifications and clinical overlapping

BRCA2 polymorphic stop codon K3326X and the risk of breast, prostate, and ovarian cancers

Background: The K3326X variant in BRCA2 (BRCA2*c.9976A>T; p.Lys3326*; rs11571833) has been found to be associated with small increased risks of breast cancer. However, it is not clear to what extent linkage disequilibrium with fully pathogenic mutations might account for this association. There is scant information about the effect of K3326X in other hormone-related cancers. Methods: Using weighted logistic regression, we analyzed data from the large iCOGS study including 76 637 cancer case patients and 83 796 control patients to estimate odds ratios (ORw) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for K3326X variant carriers in relation to breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer risks, with weights defined as probability of not having a pathogenic BRCA2 variant. Using Cox proportional hazards modeling, we also examined the associations of K3326X with breast and ovarian cancer risks among 7183 BRCA1 variant carriers. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: The K3326X variant was associated with breast (ORw = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.40, P = 5.9x10- 6) and invasive ovarian cancer (ORw = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.10 to 1.43, P = 3.8x10-3). These associations were stronger for serous ovarian cancer and for estrogen receptor–negative breast cancer (ORw = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.2 to 1.70, P = 3.4x10-5 and ORw = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.28 to 1.76, P = 4.1x10-5, respectively). For BRCA1 mutation carriers, there was a statistically significant inverse association of the K3326X variant with risk of ovarian cancer (HR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.84, P = .013) but no association with breast cancer. No association with prostate cancer was observed. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence that the K3326X variant is associated with risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers independent of other pathogenic variants in BRCA2. Further studies are needed to determine the biological mechanism of action responsible for these associations