Antioxidant Potential is Correlated to ω6 / ω3 Ratio and Brasfield Score in Cystic Fibrosis Children

International audienceOBJECTIVES:Oxidative stress is associated with the condition of cystic fibrosis (CF), but no guidelines exist for its assessment or treatment. Our aim was to evaluate a test that measures the blood antioxidant capability in CF children.METHODS:This antioxidant capability was assessed by the Kit Radicaux Libres (KRL) test in 44 CF children (24 boys). We recorded also anthropometric measures, pulmonary function, CF severity scores, and plasma nutritional and inflammatory parameters (proteins, vitamins, erythrocyte fatty acids, and micronutrients). We performed univariate and multivariate analyses with linear regression models.RESULTS:The mean age at the first KRL assessment was 12.2 ± 3.8 years. Factors that correlated with decreased antioxidant capacity were mostly related to the severity of pulmonary disease [ forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1), acute exacerbation, and congestion. In multivariate analysis, the correlation between Brasfield score and erythrocyte antioxidant potential remained significant (β = - 0.611, p < 0.001). Among nutritional factors, the ω6/ω3 ratio was significantly correlated to erythrocyte antioxidant potential (β = - 1.213, p = 0.01).CONCLUSION:The blood antioxidant capability, measured by the KRL test, appears to be an interesting biomarker to evaluate oxidative stress in CF. This study suggests that the ω6/ω3 ratio should be regarded as a nutritional marker in antioxidant management in CF children

What is bacterial colonisation of cystic fibrosis children toothbrushes?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus toothbrushes contamination in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is unknown. The objective of this pilot study was to determine prevalence of those germs on toothbrushes of CF and healthy children, and define if toothbrushes may be involved in pulmonary infection

Bacterial colonization status of cystic fibrosis children's toothbrushes: a pilot study

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus toothbrush contamination in cystic fibrosis (CF) is unknown. This pilot study aimed to determine their prevalence and the potential involvement of toothbrushes in pulmonary infection. Methods. Toothbrush bacteriological analysis for children aged 8–18 years was conducted on 27 CF patients, 15 healthy siblings, and 15 healthy children from the general population. Results : S. aureus was detected on 22% of the patients’ toothbrushes, and 13% of healthy children's toothbrushes and P. aeruginosa on 15% of patients’ toothbrushes and 0–13% of healthy children's toothbrushes. There was no statistical correlation between pulmonary colonization and toothbrush contamination. P. aeruginosa genotyping showed two identical clones on the patients’ toothbrushes and in their sputum, and between one patient's sputum and his sibling's toothbrush. Conclusion : S. aureus and P. aeruginosa can colonize CF patients’ toothbrushes. The impact on pulmonary colonization remains unknown. Toothbrush decontamination methods need to consider these bacteria in CF patients

Colonisation bactérienne à staphylococcus aureus et pseudomonas aeruginosa des brosses à dents de patients pédiatriques atteints de mucoviscidose

TOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Atopie, rhinite allergique et sport

La rhinite allergique et l'atopie sont retrouvées fréquemment chez l'adulte jeune. Les sportifs, souvent d'âge inférieur à 35 ans sont donc largement touchés. Il a été montré une augmentation du risque d'asthme chez le sportif de haut niveau. Notre étude a cherché à établir si la pratique sportive intensive était liée à une augmentation du risque de rhinite allergique et d'atopie. Dans notre étude, nous n'avons pas retrouvé d'association entre le dysfonctionnement nasal chronique, la rhinite allergique ou l'atopie et le temps d'entraînement. Nous avons établi que les sportifs qui s'entraînent majoritairement à l'intérieur sont plus à risque de développer une rhinite allergique que ceux qui s'entraînent à l'extérieur. 32.1% de nos sportifs souffraient de rhinite allergique et 51.9 % étaient atopiques.TOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Transition des patients atteints d’une maladie respiratoire chronique depuis la pédiatrie vers les services pour adultes

Du fait de l’augmentation de l’espérance de vie des individus atteints de mucoviscidose, la transition de la pédiatrie vers les services de médecine pour adultes est devenue une étape essentielle pour les patients, les aidants et les soignants. Cette transition doit être progressive et longuement préparée. Avoir un processus établi et formalisé, aborder tôt le thème de la transition avec le patient et sa famille, autonomiser le patient avant le transfert et établir des liens étroits entre les structures médicales pédiatriques et pour adultes sont des éléments importants pour la réussite de cette étape. L’éducation thérapeutique ainsi que l’utilisation de questionnaires validés, d’un plan d’action personnalisé ou d’outils connectés peuvent aider. Le transfert se fera au moment le mieux adapté pour le patient, idéalement en période de stabilité de la maladie, de manière progressive, avec des consultations conjointes ou alternées entre les équipes de pédiatrie et de médecine pour adultes. D’autres maladies respiratoires chroniques débutant dans l’enfance ou à l’adolescence pourront bénéficier d’un processus de transition similaire

Impact psychologique des procédures de soins chez les enfants atteints de mucoviscidose

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Association between asthma and lung function in adolescents born very preterm: results of the EPIPAGE cohort study

International audiencePrematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) affect long-term lung function. We studied the respiratory outcome of adolescents born very preterm and controls from the Etude EPIdémiologique sur les Petits Ages Gestationnels cohort and analysed their current lung function in relation to asthma symptoms (categorised in three age groups) from birth. In models including BPD, asthma at each age and confounding factors in the preterm group, BPD and preschool wheeze were the only independent variables associated with FEV1. Preschool wheeze is an independent factor associated with FEV1 impairment in adolescents born very preterm. These results highlight the need for optimal management of early respiratory symptoms in preterm-born infants

Higher levels of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LasB elastase expression are associated with early-stage infection in cystic fibrosis patients

Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and a major contributor to progressive lung damage. P. aeruginosa elastase (LasB), a key virulence factor, has been identified as a potential target for anti-virulence therapy. Here, we sought to differentiate the P. aeruginosa isolates from early versus established stages of infection in CF patients and to determine if LasB was associated with either stage. The lasB gene was amplified from 255 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates from 70 CF patients from the Toulouse region (France). Nine LasB variants were identified and 69% of the isolates produced detectable levels of LasB activity. Hierarchical clustering using experimental and clinical data distinguished two classes of isolates, designated as ‘Early’ and ‘Established’ infection. Multivariate analysis revealed that the isolates from the Early infection class show higher LasB activity, fast growth, tobramycin susceptibility, non-mucoid, pigmented colonies and wild-type lasR genotype. These traits were associated with younger patients with polymicrobial infections and high pFEV1. Our findings show a correlation between elevated LasB activity in P. aeruginosa isolates and early-stage infection in CF patients. Hence, it is this patient group, prior to the onset of chronic disease, that may benefit most from novel therapies targeting LasB