A Differentiation-Based Approach to Quality Management in Shipbuilding Taking into Consideration Errors in Manufacturing Processes

With conventional quality management methods and techniques used in repetitive projects it is possible to establish an efficient quality management and quality improvement system. The more efficient the system, the easier it is to identify points where errors are likely to occur and eliminate their consequences. Taking into consideration the fact that, as a rule, a shipyard is a large business system, with the present state of the Croatian shipbuilding industry it is very difficult to establish an efficient quality management and improvement system which can work effectively and permanently at all the stages of the production process. With a differentiation-based approach to quality management, and by taking targeted corrective and proactive actions in the identified points of the manufacturing process in which errors are likely to occur, a certain improvement is achieved. The extent and duration of such an improvement depends on numerous factors within the system itself as well as on environmental factors. The improvement achieved with a differentiation-based approach is an incentive to take further quality improvement measures in a shipyard

Alati osiguranja kakvoće kod lijevanja košuljica cilindara brodskih sporokretnih motora

Radom je istražena mogućnost praktične implementacije procesa neprekidnog unapređivanja kakvoće kod lijevanja košuljica cilindara brodskih sporokretnih motora, temeljenog na alatima osiguranja kakvoće, u tvornici 3. maj Motori i dizalice d.d. Cilj provedenog istraživanja bio je pokazati uspješnost primjene dostupnih alata osiguranja kakvoće radi smanjivanja troškova, povećanja produktivnosti, organiziranoga praćenja procesa, utvrđivanja sposobnosti i djelotvornosti sustava upravljanja kakvoćom, otkrivanja kritičnih značajki i podizanja razine kakvoće. Dobiveni rezultati nalaze primjenu ponajviše u promatranom procesu s mogućnošću primjene i na druge procese u proizvodnji brodskih sporokretnih motora općenito

A Differentiation-Based Approach to Quality Management in Shipbuilding Taking into Consideration Errors in Manufacturing Processes

With conventional quality management methods and techniques used in repetitive projects it is possible to establish an efficient quality management and quality improvement system. The more efficient the system, the easier it is to identify points where errors are likely to occur and eliminate their consequences. Taking into consideration the fact that, as a rule, a shipyard is a large business system, with the present state of the Croatian shipbuilding industry it is very difficult to establish an efficient quality management and improvement system which can work effectively and permanently at all the stages of the production process. With a differentiation-based approach to quality management, and by taking targeted corrective and proactive actions in the identified points of the manufacturing process in which errors are likely to occur, a certain improvement is achieved. The extent and duration of such an improvement depends on numerous factors within the system itself as well as on environmental factors. The improvement achieved with a differentiation-based approach is an incentive to take further quality improvement measures in a shipyard

Measurement of maintenance excellence

U održavanju je potrebno imati kvalificirane i obučene zaposlenike kako za uporabu suvremene opreme za održavanje, za defektažu i izvođenje radova održavanja tako i za primjenu suvremenih zahtijeva organizacije i menadžmenta. Zbog toga je potrebno redizajnirati procese održavanja na širi način od "klasičnog", koje se bazira na terotehnološkom konceptu. Uređenje održavanja treba se ostvarivati na istim suvremenim principima na kojima se zasniva postizanje poslovne izvrsnosti sustava u cjelini. To ujedno uključuje i poslovnu filozofiju koju čine procesni pristup projektiranja i rada, integrirani sustav menadžmenta baziran na primjeni određenih standarda (kvaliteta, životna sredina, sigurnost na radu i dr.) i elementima poslovne izvrsnosti. Izvrsnost održavanja predstavlja okvir za izazovan kritički osvrt na cjelovitost i produktivnost svakog poslovnog procesa ili projekta. Kroz izvrsnost održavanja, organizacija nastoji osigurati visoku kvalitetu procesa koji podržava kontinuirani napredak u funkciji održavanja i usmjerava se na različita područja kao što su strategije, zaposleni, informacije, rad i ostali poslovni aspekti održavanja.It is necessary for maintenance to have qualified and trained staff, capable of using modern equipment for maintenance, defect inspection and maintenance work, able of applying modern requirements of organization and management. Therefore, it is necessary to redesign the maintenance processes in a more extensive way than the classical, which is based on the terotechnological concept. Maintenance organization should be achieved at the same modern principles as the business excellence system of a company as a whole. This also includes a business philosophy that consists of the process approach to the design and operations of a company, an integrated management system based on the application of certain standards (quality, environment, safety at work, etc.) and elements of business excellence of a company. Maintenance excellence is a framework for a challenging and critical review of the integrity and productivity of any business process or project. Through maintenance excellence, any company seeks to provide a high quality process that supports continuous improvement focusing on various areas such as strategy, employees, information, work and other business aspects of maintenance

Examination of scanner precision by analysing orthodontic parameters

Background: 3D modelling in orthodontics is becoming an increasingly widespread technique in practice. One of the significant questions already being asked is related to determining the precision of the scanner used for generating surfaces on a 3D model of the jaw. Materials and methods: This research was conducted by generating a set of identical 3D models on Atos optical 3D scanner and Lazak Scan laboratory scanner, which precision was established by measuring a set of orthodontic parameters (54 overall) in all three orthodontic planes. In this manner we explored their precision in space, since they are used for generating spatial models - 3D jaws. Results: There were significant differences between parameters scanned with Atos and Lazak Scan. The smallest difference was 0.017 mm, and the biggest 1.109 mm. Conclusion: This research reveals that both scanners (Atos and Lazak Scan), which belong to general purpose scanners, based on precision parameters can be used in orthodontics. Early analyses indicate that the reference scanner in terms of precision is Atos

Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Associated With Altered Production of Short Chain Fatty Acids in Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders

While gut microbiota dysbiosis has been linked with autism, its role in the etiology of other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) is largely underexplored. To our knowledge this is the first study to evaluate gut microbiota diversity and composition in 36 children from the Republic of Serbia diagnosed with NDD and 28 healthy children. The results revealed an increased incidence of potentially harmful bacteria, closely related to Clostridium species, in the NDD patient group compared to the Control group: Desulfotomaculum guttoideum (P lt 0.01), Intestinibacter bartlettii (P lt 0.05), and Romboutsia ilealis (P lt 0.001). On the other hand, significantly lower diversity of common commensal bacteria in the NDD group of patients was noticed. Enterococcus faecalis (P lt 0.05), Enterococcus gallinarum (P lt 0.01), Streptococcus pasteurianus (P lt 0.05), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (P lt 0.01) and Bifidobacteria sp. were detected in lower numbers of patients or were even absent in some NDD patients. In addition, butyrate-producing bacteria Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (P lt 0.01), Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum (P lt 0.05), and Eubacterium rectale (P = 0.07) were less frequent in the NDD patient group. In line with that, the levels of fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined. Although significant differences in SCFA levels were not detected between NDD patients and the Control group, a positive correlation was noted between number of rDNA amplicons obtained with universal primers and level of propionic acid, as well as a trend for levels of total SCFAs and butyric acid in the Control group. This correlation is lost in the NDD patient group, indicating that NDD patients' microbiota differs from the microbiota of healthy children in the presence or number of strong SCFA-producing bacteria. According to a range-weighted richness index it was observed that microbial diversity was significantly lower in the NDD patient group. Our study reveals that the intestinal microbiota from NDD patients differs from the microbiota of healthy children. It is hypothesized that early life microbiome might have an impact on GI disturbances and accompanied behavioral problems frequently observed in patients with a broad spectrum of NDD

The relationship between innovations and quality management system

Rad je fokusiran na analizu odnosa između sustava upravljanja kvalitetom i inovacijskih performansi u crnogorskim firmama. S tim u vezi smo u prvom dijelu rada razmotrili inovacijske performanse svjetskih firmi certificiranih prema ISO 9001. Pojedina empirijska istraživanja dokazuju pozitivan utjecaj certifikata ISO 9001 na inovacije, dok druga istraživanja daju suprotne rezultate. Pored toga, izveli smo empirijske analize rezultata dobivenih anketiranjem crnogorskih firmi. Primjenom Ordinary Least Square regression (OLS) metode pokazali smo da certifikat ISO 9000 ima pozitivan utjecaj na inovacije.The paper is focused on analysis concerning Quality Management System (QMS) and innovation performance relationship in Montenegrin firms. In accordance with that we firstly present literature about innovations performance in ISO 9001 certified firms around the world. Some of these empirical studies prove a positive influence of ISO 9001 on innovation, while the others provide opposite results. In addition, we performed empirical analysis on data extracted from survey of Montenegrin firms. Using an Ordinary Least Square regression (OLS) we show that ISO 9000 certification influences innovation performance positively

Thermal characteristics of enamels and enamelled metal sheets

The main task of the research was to find out why sometimes cracking of the enamelled layer occur and to what extent enamel layer affects the heat transfer in the cooking oven. The samples of the enamelled streel sheet were metallographically analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) and optical microscopy (OM). Measurements of the thermal properties of two types of enamels, which are used for oven interior enamelling was carried out in accordance with the standard ISO 22007-2 by transient planar heat source method (TPS Hot Disk 2200). To ensure proper measurement conditions, the samples of the enamels were prepared in the form of thick layers. The results show that enamel density has significant influence on its thermal properties. An assessment of the influence of the thermal conductivity of the enamel layer on the heat transfer in the oven is also given

Pre-Processing of Point-Data from Contact and Optical 3D Digitization Sensors

Contemporary 3D digitization systems employed by reverse engineering (RE) feature ever-growing scanning speeds with the ability to generate large quantity of points in a unit of time. Although advantageous for the quality and efficiency of RE modelling, the huge number of point datas can turn into a serious practical problem, later on, when the CAD model is generated. In addition, 3D digitization processes are very often plagued by measuring errors, which can be attributed to the very nature of measuring systems, various characteristics of the digitized objects and subjective errors by the operator, which also contribute to problems in the CAD model generation process. This paper presents an integral system for the pre-processing of point data, i.e., filtering, smoothing and reduction, based on a cross-sectional RE approach. In the course of the proposed system development, major emphasis was placed on the module for point data reduction, which was designed according to a novel approach with integrated deviation analysis and fuzzy logic reasoning. The developed system was verified through its application on three case studies, on point data from objects of versatile geometries obtained by contact and laser 3D digitization systems. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the system

ESTIMATION OF PROCESSES REALIZATION RISK AS A MANNER OF SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN THE INTEGRATED SYSTEMS

Realization of quality, environmental and occupational health and safety policy using the proposed model of processes' integrated risk estimation leads to the improvement of the analyzed productive processes by the preventive and corrective actions, and in consequence - to their optimization from the point of view of products' quality and in the aspect of quality of environmental influence and occupational health and safety