Profile of children and adolescents with chronic renal failure followed up at nephrology units

Objective: Characterize the profile of children and adolescents with chronic renal failure followed up at nephrology units in the town of Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. Methods: This is a quantitative, retrospective and descriptive, research which investigated socio-demographic, clinical, and therapeutic variables in the medical records of 35 children and adolescents followed up at nephrology units by June 2010. Results: The main etiology was chronic glomerulonephritis (34,2%); 88,6% of patients were diagnosed and started treatment between 10 and 20 years of age. The most prevalent comorbidities were systemic arterial hypertension (51,4%) and diabetes ellitus (48,6%). The main associated clinical manifestations were systemic arterial hypertension (51,4%), uremia (48,6%), edema (42,9%), and anemia (31,4%); 97,1% of patients underwent hemodialysis. Most patients continued on hemodialysis (40%) up to 2 years of treatment (54,3%). Conclusion: This study allowed one to know this profile of patients, hitherto unknown, and it may contribute to the planning of care actions aimed at this clientele

Pediatric prehospital assistance conducted by the mobile emergency care service (SAMU)

Objective: Describe the prehospital pediatric assistance conducted by the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU) in the town of Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil, in 2009. Method: This is a quantitative, retrospective, and descriptive research, based on the records of pediatric treatments conducted by SAMU in the town of Feira de Santana. Results: One identified 372 treatments; 43,5% for children from 5 to 10 years; 57,1% of occurrences took place at home; falls (28,7%) and running over cases (22,9%) were the most usual external causes; the most prevalent clinical causes were respiratory problems (40,0%) and convulsive crises (27,9%). Conclusion: The study allowed knowing the reality of prehospital assistance for children in the town, and it can contribute to public policies aimed at this clientele; besides, it collaborates to the scientific production related to the prehospital child assistance, a theme poorly explored among this population

Effect of Different Numbers of Interset Antagonist Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching on the Total Number of Repetitions for the Agonists

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(4): 498-506, 2022. Recent studies have observed that stretching applied to antagonist muscles can promote improvement in agonist muscle performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different numbers of interset proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching for the antagonists on the total number of repetitions completed for the agonists (quadriceps) in the leg extension exercise. Fourteen physically active individuals (age: 29.35 ± 10.5 years; body mass: 79.1 ± 11.34 kg; height: 170.4 ± 8.7 cm) participated in this study. The following experimental protocols were performed: 1) Traditional protocol (Traditional) – without previous stretching; 2) PNF with lesser duration (PNF1—3 sets of 20 secs.); 3) PNF with greater duration (PNF2—3 sets of 30 secs.). Within the experimental protocols (PNF1 and PNF2), stretching exercises for the antagonists were performed before and between the four sets of the unilateral leg extension exercise. All tests were performed on the dominant limb only. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the total number of repetitions for the PNF2 protocol versus the Traditional protocol (p = 0.026). However, there was no significant difference between the PNF1 protocol versus the Traditional protocol (p = 0.577). In conclusion, in the leg extension exercise, an extended duration of interset PNF stretching for the hamstrings, promoted greater contractile performance for the quadriceps as demonstrated by significantly greater total repetitions over four sets

Rare Diseases and COVID-19: How are the Patients?

Dear Editor, When searching the scientific literature COVID-19-associated syndromes in addition to syndromes middle eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), some cardiovascular syndromes and post intensive care syndrome [1,2], we found the syndromes of Guillain-Barré, Miller Fisher, polyneuritis cranialis, Kawasaki, Inflammatory multisystem syndrome, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion [3-29]. Of these, only Guillain-Barré syndrome and Miller Fisher syndrome, Kawasaki diseases and Inflammatory multisystem syndrome have currently present cranio-facial manifestation (Table 1), but possibly others will become know when the damage of COVID-19 becomes known.Although there is no standardized definition of rare diseases, the classification of rare diseases is closely related to a definition according to point prevalence in the current political and legislative context, and such definitions are based on a prevalence threshold directly or implied. According to the World Health Organization (WOS) and adopted by the Ministry of Health of Brazil, a rare disease affects up to 65 per 100,000 individuals [30]. Each rare disease, taken separately, affects a limited number of people. Considering, however, that there are up to 8,000 types of rare diseases worldwide, when grouped under a single category, their epidemiological impact may become quite significant. About 80% of those are caused by genetic factors, and the rest by other factors, such as environmental, infectious and immunologicalones [31]. Thus, rare diseases are a global challenge that must be overcome. A multi-professional and interdisciplinary team, including pediatric dentistry, oral medicine and pathology, is essential for success throughout the process

Trazodona para o tratamento de distúrbios do sono em demência: um estudo aberto, observacional e de revisão

Sleep disorders (SD) in patients with dementia are very common in clinical practice. The use of antidepressants with hypnotic actions, such as trazodone, plays an important role in these cases. The aim of this study is to present a profile of the use of trazodone in demented patients with SD, as well as a review of trazodone hydrochloride in SD. We evaluated 178 elderly patients with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, clinically presenting SD and treated with hypnosedative medications. In the one-year period comprising the study, 68 (38.2%) of the 178 had sleep disorders. Most patients (114; 64%) had a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Approximately 85% of patients with SD used hypnosedative drugs. Trazodone was the most commonly used drug among patients (N = 35), with an effectiveness of 65.7%. Trazodone has been shown to be a good option for treatment of the elderly with dementia and associated SD. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMODistúrbios do sono (DS) em pacientes com demência são muito comuns na prática clínica. O uso de antidepressivos com ação hipnótica, como a trazodona, tem um papel importante nesses casos. O objetivo desse estudo é apresentar um perfil do uso da trazodona em pacientes com demência e com DS, bem como revisar o cloridrato de trazodona no DS. Nós avaliamos 178 idosos com doença de Alzheimer (DA) e outras demências, clinicamente apresentando DS e que foram tratados com medicações hipnossedativas. No período de um ano de estudo, 68 (38,2%) tiveram DS. A maioria (114; 64%) tinham diagnóstico de DA. Aproximadamente 85% usaram fármacos hipnossedativos. A trazodona foi a mais utilizada (N=35), com evidência de melhora de 65,7%. A trazodona mostrou-se ser uma boa opção no tratamento de idosos com demência e DS associado

Validation of a communication instrument for the transfer of nursing care in pediatrics / Validação de um instrumento de comunicação para transferência do cuidado de enfermagem em pediatria

Objective: to develop and validate the content of the Nursing Care Transfer Instrument for pediatric patients. Methods: methodological study, developed in two stages, involving 37 nurses. The first stage included the development of the instrument. The second step was the validation of content by the experts, using the Delphi technique and application of the pilot test. For data analysis, the Content Validity Index was used. Results: the instrument was developed with four components and reached an overall Content Validation Index of 0.95. The pilot test of the instrument was applied in 25 transfers of care by the nurses, who considered it applicable to the context of the study. Conclusion: the instrument was validated in terms of appearance/clarity, scope, relevance and applicability to the practice of nurses in the pediatric hospital context studied, without requiring much time for application by nurses.Objetivo: desarrollar y validar el contenido del Instrumento de Transferencia de Cuidados de Enfermería para pacientes pediátricos. Métodos: estudio metodológico, desarrollado en dos etapas, involucrando a 37 enfermeros. La primera etapa comprendió el desarrollo del instrumento. El segundo paso fue la validación de contenido por parte de los expertos, utilizando la técnica Delphi y aplicación de la prueba piloto. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el Índice de Validez de Contenido. Resultados: el instrumento fue desarrollado con cuatro componentes y alcanzó un Índice de Validación de Contenido global de 0,95. La prueba piloto del instrumento fue aplicada en 25 transferencias de cuidado por los enfermeros, quienes lo consideraron aplicable al contexto del estudio.Conclusión: el instrumento fue validado en términos de apariencia/claridad, alcance, pertinencia y aplicabilidad a la práctica de enfermeros en el contexto hospitalario pediátrico estudiado, sin requerir mucho tiempo para su aplicación por parte de los enfermeros.Objetivo: desenvolver e validar o conteúdo do Instrumento para Transferência do Cuidado de Enfermagem do paciente pediátrico. Métodos: estudo metodológico, desenvolvido em duas etapas, envolvendo 37 enfermeiros. A primeira etapa contemplou o desenvolvimento do instrumento. A segunda etapa foi a validação de conteúdo pelos experts, por meio da técnica Delphi e aplicação do teste piloto. Para análise dos dados foi empregado o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. Resultados: o instrumento foi desenvolvido com quatro componentes e alcançou Índice de Validação de Conteúdo geral de 0,95. O teste piloto do instrumento foi aplicado em 25 transferências de cuidado pelas enfermeiras, que o consideraram aplicável ao contexto do estudo. Conclusão: o instrumento foi validado sob os aspectos da aparência/clareza, abrangência, pertinência e aplicabilidade à prática do enfermeiro no contexto hospitalar pediátrico estudado, sem demandar muito tempo para aplicação pelas enfermeiras.

REPRODUTIBILIDADE E APLICABILIDADE DE UM ESCORE PEDIÁTRICO DE ALERTA DE DETERIORAÇÃO CLÍNICA

RESUMO OBJETIVO: medir a reprodutibilidade e aplicabilidade do Brighton Paediatric Early Warning Score para o contexto brasileiro (BPEWS-Br) no reconhecimento da deterioração clínica. MÉTODO: estudo para testar o desempenho do BPEWS-Br quanto à sua reprodutibilidade e aplicabilidade. Duas enfermeiras treinadas aplicaram o escore em 50 crianças de zero a 10 anos de forma cega com intervalo de três a cinco minutos entre as avaliações. Para verificar a aplicabilidade as enfermeiras mensuraram o tempo de aplicação do escore. Os dados foram processados no SPSS e VassarStats.net. A reprodutibilidade foi medida pelos índices Kappa simples e ponderado. Para o tempo de aplicação calculou-se a média. RESULTADOS: o Kappa simples foi 0,85 e o Kappa ponderado, 0,80. Os tempos médios para avaliação e aplicação do BPEWS-Br pelas enfermeira foram de 4,14 e 3,48 minutos. CONCLUSÃO: o BPEWS-Br mostrou-se confiável e viável para reconhecer sinais de alerta de deterioração clínica nas crianças estudadas

Maternal perception of the skin to skin contact with premature infants through the kangaroo position

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the experience of postpartum women during hospitalization of premature infants in the first stage of Kangaroo Care and know how the first skin to skin contact between mother and child through the kangaroo position collaborates with this experience. Methods: Descriptive, exploratory and qualitative study that is complied with the Resolution 196/96 of the National Board of Health, conducted through semi-structured interviews with twelve postpartum women in October, 2010. Results: Content analysis showed that postpartum women experience a period of stress in early hospitalization of premature infants during the first step of Kangaroo Care, represented by the abandonment of their daily activities and whole family. Conclusion: The kangaroo position provided the expression of feelings related to postpartum women happiness from realizing herself as a true mother, since they can participate in an indirect way of the sick child’s care and promote conditions for their development

DOR EM RECÉM-NASCIDOS: IDENTIFICAÇÃO, AVALIAÇÃO E INTERVENÇÕES

Objetivo: descrever as estratégias das equipes de enfermagem para a identificação, avaliação e intervenção da dor em recém-nascidos internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Método: estudo quantitativo, descritivo, com 62 profissionais de duas UTIN do município de Feira de Santana, Bahia, em 2010. Os dados foram coletados a partir da aplicação de um questionário estruturado. Para análise utilizou-se a estatística descritiva. Os resultados foram apresentados sob a forma de tabelas univariável, bivariável e gráficos. Resultados: a estratégia mais referida para a identificação da dor foi o tipo de choro, todavia não são utilizadas escalas para a avaliação da dor de forma sistematizada. Em relação às intervenções para alívio da dor, predominou a solicitação da avaliação do profissional médico antes de qualquer ação. Conclusão: a abordagem da dor pelos profissionais de enfermagem ainda não estava sendo realizada de forma sistematizada e tampouco baseada em evidências científicas.  

CONHECIMENTO DE ENFEMEIRAS SOBRE A CRIANÇA COM DOENÇA FALCIFORME

Sickle cell disease is one of the most prevalent monogenic hereditary diseases in Brazil and in the world, therefore, a public health problem. Objective: To know the perception of nurses about sickle cell disease in pediatrics. Method: Convergent-Assistance qualitative research, which occurred in a public pediatric hospital in the interior of Bahia, in which 12 emergency nurses participated, data production took place between July 2020 and April 2021, after submission the Ethics Committee. The data collection techniques were: survey of knowledge through semi-structured interviews, convergence groups and participant observation. The data were analyzed according to the referential of the Convergent-Assistance Research and its phases: conception, instrumentalization, theorization, transfer and analysis. Results: The results showed that nurses recognize the disease in its main biological manifestation, the pain crisis, which was cited as a striking characteristic of the child with sickle cell disease. Conclusion: Nurses working in the emergency of the research scenario recognize some aspects of sickle cell disease in pediatrics, revealed incipient knowledge about the pathophysiological aspects of the disease. Descriptors: Sickle Cell Disease; Emergencies; Pediatrics; Nursing.Objetivo: conhecer a percepção das enfermeiras sobre a criança com doença falciforme. Método: pesquisa qualitativa Convergente-Assistencial, ocorrida em hospital público pediátrico, da qual participaram 12 enfermeiras da emergência no período de julho de 2020 a abril de 2021, após submissão ao Comitê de Ética. As técnicas de coleta de dados foram: sondagem do conhecimento por entrevista semiestruturada, grupos de convergência e observação participante. Os dados foram analisados conforme referencial da Pesquisa Convergente-Assistencial e suas fases, sendo elas concepção, instrumentalização, teorização, transferência e análise. Resultados: as enfermeiras reconheceram a doença pela principal manifestação clínica, a crise álgica, a qual foi citada como característica marcante da criança com doença falciforme. Considerações finais: as enfermeiras atuantes na emergência pediátrica conhecem alguns aspectos da doença falciforme e revelaram conhecimento incipiente sobre a fisiopatologia da doença. Descritores: Anemia Falciforme. Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência. Pediatria. Enfermagem. Conhecimento