Prevalence and risk factors for wheezing in Salvador, Brazil: a population-based study

Background: Wheezing is one of the most frequent causes of visit to emergency rooms among children. However, data on wheezing burden are mostly provided at healthcare setting, and particularly only for infants.Aims: We sought to estimate the prevalence of wheezing in children under 4 years and to assess potential risk factors in the community.Design: This was a cross-sectional analysis of a population-based cohort study.Methods: the sample comprised children aged <4 years living in Salvador, Brazil. Data were collected via home visits when the parents/guardians were interviewed. Data were recorded on standardized forms.Results: of 1534 children, mean age was 21 +/- 14 months (minimum 3 days; maximum 47 months; 6% <2 months); 780 (51%) were males and 501 [33%; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 30-35%] reported wheezing in the last 12 months. Among wheezers, 321 (64%) had occasional wheezing. Overall, 180 (12%; 95% CI: 10-14%) had recurrent wheezing and 157 (10%; 95% CI: 9-12%) had asthma. for children in the first, second, third and fourth year of life wheezing was reported in 23, 41, 34 and 37%, respectively. Mother atopic-related disease was independently associated with recurrent wheezing (AdjPR[95% CI]: 1.54 [1.12-2.11]) and asthma (AdjPR[95% CI]: 1.54 [1.10-2.16]). Smoker at home (AdjPR[95% CI]: 1.34 [1.07-1.67]) and low birth weight (AdjPR[95% CI]: 1.38 [1.05-1.81]) were independently associated with occasional wheezing.Conclusions: One-third of under 4 years reported wheezing; history of mother's atopic-related disease was an independent risk factor for recurrent wheezing and asthma; smoker at home and low birth weight were independent risk factors for occasional wheezing.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Fed Bahia, Sch Med, Postgrad Program Hlth Sci, Salvador, BA, BrazilUniv Fed Bahia, Sch Med, Dept Paediat, Salvador, BA, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Paediat, Div Allergy Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Bahia, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Salvador, BA, BrazilFundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Ctr Pesquisa Goncalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Paediat, Div Allergy Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, São Paulo, BrazilCNPq: 303398/2005-1Web of Scienc

Pervasive and intelligent decision support in Intensive Medicine – the complete picture

Series : Lecture notes in computer science (LNCS), vol. 8649In the Intensive Care Units (ICU) it is notorious the high number of data sources available. This situation brings more complexity to the way of how a professional makes a decision based on information provided by those data sources. Normally, the decisions are based on empirical knowledge and common sense. Often, they don’t make use of the information provided by the ICU data sources, due to the difficulty in understanding them. To overcome these constraints an integrated and pervasive system called INTCare has been deployed. This paper is focused in presenting the system architecture and the knowledge obtained by each one of the decision modules: Patient Vital Signs, Critical Events, ICU Medical Scores and Ensemble Data Mining. This system is able to make hourly predictions in terms of organ failure and outcome. High values of sensitivity where reached, e.g. 97.95% for the cardiovascular system, 99.77% for the outcome. In addition, the system is prepared for tracking patients’ critical events and for evaluating medical scores automatically and in real-time.(undefined

Mapeamento da Ocorrência do Mal-do-Panamá em Rondônia.

Em Rondônia, o Mal-do-Panamá apresenta-se juntamente com a Sigatoka Negra e Amarela as doenças de maior relevância da bananicultura. Foi detectado Mal-doPanamá em diferentes municípios do Estado, tais como Mirante da Serra, Governador Jorge Teixeira, São Miguel do Guaporé, Machadonho do Oeste e Alvorada do Oeste, dentre outros. A doença é causada pelo fungo Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (E.F. Smith) Sn & Hansen. Este fungo pertence à classe dos deuteromicetos e caracteriza-se pela grande capacidade de sobrevivência na ausência do hospedeiro, permanecendo no solo por longos períodos de tempo...bitstream/CPAF-RO-2010/13273/1/cot330-maldopanama.pd

Alginate hydrogel improves anti-angiogenic bevacizumab activity in cancer therapy

Alginate hydrogel improves anti-angiogenic bevacizumab activity in cancer therapyAnti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy applied to solid tumors is a promising strategy, yet, the challenge to deliver these agents at high drug concentrations together with the maintenance of therapeutic doses locally, at the tumor site, minimizes its benefits. To overcome these obstacles, we propose the development of a bevacizumab-loaded alginate hydrogel by electrostatic interactions to design a delivery system for controlled and anti-angiogenic therapy under tumor microenvironrnental conditions. The tridimensional hydrogel structure produced provides drug stability and a system able to be introduced as a flowable solution, stablishing a depot after local administration. Biological performance by the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay indicated a pH-independent improved anti-angiogenic activity (similar to 50%) compared to commercial available anti-VEGF drug. Moreover, there was a considerable regression in tumor size when treated with this system. Immunohistochemistry highlighted a reduced number and disorganization of microscopic blood vessels resulting from applied therapy. These results suggest that the developed hydrogel is a promising approach to create an innovative delivery system.that offers the possibility to treat different solid tumors by intratumoral administration.Brazilian Fundação de Amparo e Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). Additionally, this article has been developed under the scope of the project NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000013, supported by the Northern Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) Project PTDC/SAU-TOX/114549/2009 – FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-016057, through the Competitiveness Factors Operational Programme (COMPETE), and by National funds, through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007038info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Становлення та функціонування сучасних наукових шкіл

Background. Several studies have shown that the use of selective digestive tract decontamination (SDD) reduces mortality. However, fear for increasing multidrug resistance might prevent wide acceptance. A survey was performed among the units registered in the European Registry for Intensive Care (ERIC), in order to investigate the number of ICUs using SDD and the factors that prevented the use of SDD. Methods. One invitation to the electronic survey was sent to each ERIC unit. The survey focused on department characteristics (intensive care type, local resistance levels), local treatment modalities (antibiotic stewardship) and doctors' opinions (collaborative issues concerning SDD). All ICU's in countries participating in the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control resistance surveillance program were analysed. Results. Seventeen percent of the ICUs registered in the ERIC database used SDD prophylaxis. Most of these ICUs were located in the Netherlands or Germany. ICUs using SDD were four times more likely to use antibiotic stewardship. Also larger ICUs were more likely to use SDD. On the contrary, resistance to antibiotics was not related to the use of SDD. Also the doctor's opinion that SDD is proven in duster-randomized trials was not a determinant for not using SDD. Conclusion. SDD is used in a minority of the European ICUs registered in the ERIC database. Larger ICUs and ICUs with a prudent antibiotic policy were more likely to use SDD. Neither antibiotic resistance nor the duster randomized study design were determinants of the non-use of SDD

Produção de biomassa e valor nutricional do Cajanus cajan cv. Mandarin sob manejo orgânico e convencional.

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a produção de matéria seca (MS kg.ha), os teores de matéria seca (MS%), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) do Cajanus Cajan cv. Mandarin, sob manejo orgânico e convencional. No manejo orgânico foram utilizados o calcário dolomítico, gesso mineral, cama de frango, termofosfato magnesiano e termopotássio. E no manejo convencional foram utilizados o calcário dolomítico, fosfogesso, uréia, supertriplo e cloreto de potássio. Na análise estatística foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualisado, no esquema de parcelas subdivididas com dois tratamentos e seis repetições. Os resultados obtidos para a MS kg.ha, MS%, FDN% e FDA% foram de 13310,7 kg.ha, 53,6%, 57,9% e 41,7% para o manejo orgânico e 13.142,3 kg.ha, 46,7%, 53,5% e 40,3% para o convencional, respectivamente. Não houve diferenças entre os manejos adotados para nenhum dos parâmetros estudados com exceção da FDN% que foi superior para a leguminosa em sistema orgânico. Abstract: The objective of this study was to compare the Dry matter production (DM kg. ha), the levels of dry matter (DM), neutral (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (FDA) of Cajanus cajan cv. Mandarin between organic and conventional management. In organic management was used the dolomitic limestone, mineral gypsum, chicken manure, magnesium thermophosphate and thermopotassium. In conventional management were used dolomitic limestone, phosphogypsum, urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride. The experiment was divided into randomized design in split plots with two treatments and six repetitions. The results obtained for the MS kg. ha, MS%, NDF% and FDA% were 13310.7 kg. ha, 53.6% 57.9% and 41.7% for the organic management and 13142. 3 kg. ha, 46.7%, 53.5% and 40.3% for the conventional respectively. No differences were found between the adopted management for any parameters studied except for the NDF% that was superior to the legumes in organic system

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides em Capsicum chinenses no Estado do Pará.

Edição dos Resumos do XLI Congresso Brasileiro de Fitopatologia; Belo Horizonte, ago. 2008. MIC-062

The effect of open lung ventilation on right ventricular and left ventricular function in lung-lavaged pigs

INTRODUCTION: Ventilation according to the open lung concept (OLC) consists of recruitment maneuvers, followed by low tidal volume and high positive end-expiratory pressure, aiming at minimizing atelectasis. The minimization of atelectasis reduces the right ventricular (RV) afterload, but the increased intrathoracic pressures used by OLC ventilation could increase the RV afterload. We hypothesize that when atelectasis is minimized by OLC ventilation, cardiac function is not affected despite the higher mean airway pressure. METHODS: After repeated lung lavage, each pig (n = 10) was conventionally ventilated and was ventilated according to OLC in a randomized cross-over setting. Conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) consisted of volume-controlled ventilation with 5 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure and a tidal volume of 8-10 ml/kg. No recruitment maneuvers were performed. During OLC ventilation, recruitment maneuvers were applied until PaO2/FiO2 > 60 kPa. The peak inspiratory pressure was set to obtain a tidal volume of 6-8 ml/kg. The cardiac output (CO), th