Secondary characters colouring the complex cultural atmosphere in "Unorthodox". Multilingualism and its translation in watering screen landscapes

The objective of this article is to analyze how different languages in the series Unorthodox convey information on characters' identities, and whether, at the same time, the choice of language produces different effects on the film narrative itself. Since we are dealing with audiovisual products, in any full account of the story, the image must be considered as an essential factor affecting the audiences' interpretation of the show. The article analyzes how multilingualism is rendered in its Spanish version and shows that different translation solutions may change how each character's identity is perceived. We found that the main four languages of the series (English, Yiddish, German, and Hebrew) are used to convey different personal and social identities to each character. Besides, linguistic choices between Yiddish and English show the evolution of the main character towards freedom. Although multilingualism is hardly present in the visual channel, cultural references conveyed through images help the viewer to follow key shifts in the story

El lugar del hallazgo en antropología forense: sucinta aproximación

La localización de enterramientos humanos constituye uno de los primeros problemas en la Antropología Forense, circunstancia apenas descrita en la literatura de ciencias forenses, donde además, no existe una clasificación de las diferentes metodologías aplicables. Así pues, en este trabajo se exponen los métodos empleados en los casos forenses e históricos o arqueológicos en las últimas décadas, clasificándolos en 4 grupos: alteraciones medioambientales, métodos fotográficos, métodos geofísicos y métodos químicos. Cada metodología es descrita y se comenta su importancia, su posible uso y la limitación en cada caso.The location of human burials constitutes one of the foremost problems in forensic anthropology, as scant attention has been paid to it in the forensic science literature; furthermore, no classification exists of the different methodologies applicable. In an attempt to rectify this situation, this study surveys the methodologies used in forensic and historical or archaeological cases in recent decades by classifying them into four groups: environmental disturbances, photographic methods, geophysical methods and chemical methods. Each methodology is described and a critical appraisal is made of its use, effectiveness and limitation

El museo: Arte en un espacio proyectado

En este artículo reflexionamos sobre el aspecto multisensorial de la visita al museo. Abordando tanto la visita física, en la que la experiencia del arte ocurre en el contexto no única­mente de la obra, sino también, en el espacio proyectado que la rodea, preparando psicológi­camente al individuo a través de la promenade architecturale y la psicogeografía urbana; como la visita virtual, donde la atención se centra únicamente en la obra de arte y la simulación del entorno en el que se ubica. De este modo la realidad que el usuario recibe es sesgada, ya que lo percibido ha sido manipulado por diversos medios de captura, representación y comunicación antes de llegar a los sentidos. Durante el texto analizamos diversos casos que ejemplifican por­qué el espacio contextual forma un papel activo al experimentar una obra de arteIn this article we reflect on the multisensory aspect of the museum visit. Talking about the physical visit, in wich the experience of art occurs in the context, not only of the work, but also projected in the space that surrounds it, psychologically preparing the individual through the promenade architecturale and urban psychogeography; and also the virtual tour, where the focus is only on the artwork and the environment simulation in wich it is located. Thus the fact that the user receives is biased, since what is perceived has been manipulated by various means of capture, representation and communication before reaching the senses. In the text we analyze some cases that illustrate why the surrounding space takes an active role when experiencing an artwork

How credit ratings affect sovereign credit risk: cross-border evidence in Latin American emerging markets

This article builds upon previous literature by providing a better understanding of how contagion changes in bordering sovereign CDS emerging markets resulting from credit rating events. To that end, we follow the novel GVAR methodology using data from six Latin American emerging countries during an extensive sample period from 2004 to 2014. Our findings showevidence for the existence of significant and asymmetric cross-border effects. In particular, a competition effect is observed before the event occurs, indicating that non-event countries suffer (benefit) fromupgrades (downgrades) in Brazil,Mexico and Chile (in Argentina and Brazil). In contrast, an imitation effect is observed after rating upgrades in Chile, to the benefit of bordering non-event countries

Is there a connection between sovereign CDS spreads and the stock market? Evidence for European and US returns and volatilities

This study complements the current literature, providing a thorough investigation of the lead–lag connection between stock indices and sovereign credit default swap (CDS) returns for 14 European countries and the US over the period 2004–2016. We use a rolling VAR framework that enables us to analyse the connection process over time covering both crisis and non-crisis periods. In addition, we analyse the relationship between stock market volatility and CDS returns. We find that the connection between the credit and equity markets does exist and that it is time variable and seems to be related to financial crises. We also observe that stock market returns anticipate sovereign CDS returns, and sovereign CDSs anticipate the conditional volatility of equity returns, closing a connectedness circle between markets. Contribution percentages in terms of returns are more intense in the US than in Europe and the opposite result is found with respect to volatilities. Within Europe, a greater impact in Eurozone countries compared to non-Eurozone countries is observed. Finally, an additional analysis is also carried out for the financial sector, obtaining results largely consistent with those found using sovereign data.The authors acknowledge financial support from the Fundación Ramón Areces and PGC2018-095072-B-I00. In addition, Laura Ballester acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and FEDER project PGC2018-093645-B-I00 and Ana González-Urteaga acknowledges financial support from the Ministry of Economics and Competitiveness through grant ECO2016-77631-R (AEI/FEDER.UE), from the Ministry of Science and Innovation through grant PID2019-104304GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and a UPNA Research Grant for Young Researchers, Edition 2018

Do sovereign ratings cause instability in cross-border emerging CDS markets?

We analyse the cross-border transmission effect of credit ratings on sovereign CDSs covering a broad sample of emerging countries during the period 2004 to 2015. This study differentiates between the spillover and competition effects between and within geographical areas of emerging countries. We find substantial evidence of cross-border effects with asymmetric responses to upgrades and downgrades. The market reaction differs across regions, reflecting how the international and local impact of rating events are due to different types of effects. At the international portfolio level, the competitive effect is dominant over the spillover effect. Negative events in Asia benefit Africa (which is also negatively affected by upgrades in Asia) and Middle East, the latter transmitting in turn to Asia with the same competitive effect. However, some spillover effects are also found both at the portfolio and intra-portfolio levels. The ones associated with downgrades are especially sensitive. In these cases, we identify the particular emerging economies that contribute to an increase in financial instability and to regional spillover effects

BIRTH SEASONALITY IN THE BAKA PYGMIES

International audienc

Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Key Genes for Differential Lead Accumulation and Tolerance in Natural Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions

Soil contamination by lead (Pb) has become one of the major ecological threats to the environment. Understanding the mechanisms of Pb transport and deposition in plants is of great importance to achieve a global Pb reduction. We exposed a collection of 360 Arabidopsis thaliana natural accessions to a Pb-polluted soil. Germination rates, growth, and leaf Pb concentrations showed extensive variation among accessions. These phenotypic data were subjected to genome wide association studies (GWAs) and we found a significant association on chromosome 1 for low leaf Pb accumulation. Genes associated with significant SNP markers were evaluated and we selected EXTENSIN18 (EXT18) and TLC (TRAM-LAG1-CLN8) as candidates for having a role in Pb homeostasis. Six Pb-tolerant accessions, three of them exhibiting low leaf Pb content, and three of them with high leaf Pb content; two Pb-sensitive accessions; two knockout T-DNA lines of GWAs candidate genes (ext18, tlc); and Col-0 were screened under control and high-Pb conditions. The relative expression of EXT18, TLC, and other genes described for being involved in Pb tolerance was also evaluated. Analysis of Darwinian fitness, root and leaf ionome, and TEM images revealed that Pb-tolerant accessions employ two opposing strategies: (1) low translocation of Pb and its accumulation into root cell walls and vacuoles, or (2) high translocation of Pb and its efflux to inactive organelles or intracellular spaces. Plants using the first strategy exhibited higher expression of EXT18 and HMA3, thicker root cell walls and Pb vacuolar sequestration, suggesting that these genes may contribute to the deposition of Pb in the roots. On the other hand, plants translocating high amounts of Pb showed upregulation of TLC and ABC transporters, indicating that these plants were able to properly efflux Pb in the aerial tissues. We conclude that EXT18 and TLC upregulation enhances Pb tolerance promoting its sequestration: EXT18 favors the thickening of the cell walls improving Pb accumulation in roots and decreasing its toxicity, while TLC facilitates the formation of dictyosome vesicles and the Pb encapsulation in leaves. These findings are relevant for the design of phytoremediation strategies and environment restoration

Special Olympics un medio para la justicia social en la India rural

El siguiente Poster muestra el trabajo realizado por la Fundación Vicente Ferrer en su proyecto de deporte y discapacidad, en el Estado de Andhra Pradesh (India), donde las personas con diversidad funcional están totalmente estigmatizadas socialmente. Este programa desarrollado desde 2010 de Special Olympics (SO) ha contribuido a promover la igualdad de condiciones, derechos y oportunidades de las personas con discapacidad intelectual. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar y confirmar que el deporte es una herramienta de integración social en la india rural. El estudio del caso de Kullaymma, es representativo del conjunto de niños y niñas con discapacidad intelectual integrantes del programa y que participaron en los Special Olympics World Games 2015 en Los Ángeles. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación es mayoritariamente cualitativa, haciendo uso de entrevistas semiestructuradas, además de extraer datos cuantitativos de su evolución deportiva en sus entrenamientos diarios y, de las medallas obtenidas en los campeonatos nacionales e internacionales. Los resultados nos demuestran que el deporte es una herramienta clave para el desarrollo, la mejora de sus capacidades físicas y de su autoestima, el empoderamiento y la integración social de las personas más vulnerables. Concluyendo así que el deporte es una vía para la integración social y, en consecuencia, para la mejora de su calidad de vidaPóster presentado al I Simposium internacional sobre Actividad Física, Salud y Justicia Social: Poblaciones Vulnerada