792 research outputs found
Designing AI Interfaces for Children with Special Needs in Educational Contexts
The IDC research community has a growing interest in designing AI interfaces for children with special educational needs. Nonetheless, little research has explored the research and design issues, rationale, challenges, and opportunities in this field. Therefore, we propose to host a half-day workshop to bring together researchers and practitioners from the Learning & Education, Accessibility, and Intelligent User Interfaces sub-fields to discuss and identify existing design issues, challenges, and collaboration barriers, to establish consensus on the design of a pragmatic framework, as well as explore future innovation and research opportunities. We aim to foster mutual unders
Effect of electron correlation on high-order-harmonic generation of helium atoms in intense laser fields: Time-dependent generalized pseudospectral approach in hyperspherical coordinates
Turbulent Binary Fluids: A Shell Model Study
We introduce a shell (``GOY'') model for turbulent binary fluids. The
variation in the concentration between the two fluids acts as an active scalar
leading to a redefined conservation law for the energy, which is incorporated
into the model together with a conservation law for the scalar. The model is
studied numerically at very high values of the Prandtl and Reynolds numbers and
we investigate the properties close to the critical point of the miscibility
gap where the diffusivity vanishes. A peak develops in the spectrum of the
scalar, showing that a strongly turbulent flow leads to an increase in the
mixing time. The peak is, however, not very pronounced. The mixing time
diverges with the Prandtl number as a power law with an exponent of
approximately 0.9. The continuum limit of the shell equations leads to a set of
equations which can be solved by a scaling ansatz, consistent with an exact
scaling of the Navier-Stokes equations in the inertial range. In this case a
weak peak also persists for a certain time in the spectrum of the scalar. Exact
analytic solutions of the continuous shell equations are derived in the
inertial range. Starting with fluids at rest, from an initial variation of the
concentration difference, one can provoke a ``spontaneous'' generation of a
velocity field, analogous to MHD in the early universe.Comment: 25 pages including 9 figures in epsf. Some figures have been revised,
and a few comments have been inserted in the text. To be published in Physic
Low-energy peak structure in strong-field ionization by mid-infrared laser-pulses: two-dimensional focusing by the atomic potential
We analyze the formation of the low-energy structure (LES) in above-threshold
ionization spectra first observed by Quan et al.\ \cite{quan09} and Blaga et
al.\ \cite{blaga09} using both quasi-classical and quantum approaches. We show
this structure to be largely classical in origin resulting from a
two-dimensional focusing in the energy-angular momentum plane of the
strong-field dynamics in the presence of the atomic potential. The peak at low
energy is strongly correlated with high angular momenta of the photoelectrons.
Quantum simulations confirm this scenario. Resulting parameter dependences
agree with experimental findings \cite{quan09,blaga09} and, in part, with other
simulations \cite{liu10,yan10,kast11}.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue–resident Foxp3+ T lymphocytes prevent antibody-mediated lung rejection
Roles of KChIP1 in the regulation of GABA-mediated transmission and behavioral anxiety
K+ channel interacting protein 1 (KChIP1) is a neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) protein that interacts with multiple intracellular molecules. Its physiological function, however, remains largely unknown. We report that KChIP1 is predominantly expressed at GABAergic synapses of a subset of parvalbumin-positive neurons in the brain. Forced expression of KChIP1 in cultured hippocampal neurons increased the frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs), reduced paired pulse facilitation of autaptic IPSCs, and decreases potassium current density. Furthermore, genetic ablation of KChIP1 potentiated potassium current density in neurons and caused a robust enhancement of anxiety-like behavior in mice. Our study suggests that KChIP1 is a synaptic protein that regulates behavioral anxiety by modulating inhibitory synaptic transmission, and drugs that act on KChIP1 may help to treat patients with mood disorders including anxiety
Simvastatin Restores Down-Regulated GATA-6 Expression in Pulmonary Hypertensive Rats
Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation has been known to be predominant in vascular remodeling of pulmonary hypertensive. The GATA family proteins, a group of zinc finger transcription factors, play an important role during cell proliferation. The aim of present study was to investigate the expression of GATA-6 gene in experimental pulmonary hypertensive rats and explore the effect of regulation of GATA-6 expression by simvastatin on pulmonary vascular remodeling. The male Sprague-Dawley rats model was established with receiving pneumonectomy and monocrotaline (MCT) administration. Right pulmonary artery remodeling in these animals was compared with untreated rats or rats receiving simvastatin. The level of GATA-6 mRNA and protein expression was detected by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Pneumonectomized, MCT-treated rats had significantly increased mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), RV/(LV + S) ratio (ratio of the right ventricular to left ventricular and septum weights), vascular occlusion scores (VOSs), and percent media wall thickness on day 35, all the indices were significantly decreased after simvastatin administration in these rats. The level of GATA-6 mRNA and protein were markedly decreased in these pneumonectomy and MCT-treated rats, and they were significantly up-regulated in these rats after receiving simvastatin. These results indicate that the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension is prevented by simvastatin by up-regulating GATA-6 expression in the lung tissue
Development of Shanghai satellite laser ranging station
The topics covered include the following: improvement of the system hardware; upgrading of the software; the observation status; preliminary daylight tracking capability; testing the new type of laser; and future plans
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