Publisher Correction: LifeTime and improving European healthcare through cell-based interceptive medicine.

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03287-8.</jats:p

25th annual computational neuroscience meeting: CNS-2016

The same neuron may play different functional roles in the neural circuits to which it belongs. For example, neurons in the Tritonia pedal ganglia may participate in variable phases of the swim motor rhythms [1]. While such neuronal functional variability is likely to play a major role the delivery of the functionality of neural systems, it is difficult to study it in most nervous systems. We work on the pyloric rhythm network of the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion (STG) [2]. Typically network models of the STG treat neurons of the same functional type as a single model neuron (e.g. PD neurons), assuming the same conductance parameters for these neurons and implying their synchronous firing [3, 4]. However, simultaneous recording of PD neurons shows differences between the timings of spikes of these neurons. This may indicate functional variability of these neurons. Here we modelled separately the two PD neurons of the STG in a multi-neuron model of the pyloric network. Our neuron models comply with known correlations between conductance parameters of ionic currents. Our results reproduce the experimental finding of increasing spike time distance between spikes originating from the two model PD neurons during their synchronised burst phase. The PD neuron with the larger calcium conductance generates its spikes before the other PD neuron. Larger potassium conductance values in the follower neuron imply longer delays between spikes, see Fig. 17.Neuromodulators change the conductance parameters of neurons and maintain the ratios of these parameters [5]. Our results show that such changes may shift the individual contribution of two PD neurons to the PD-phase of the pyloric rhythm altering their functionality within this rhythm. Our work paves the way towards an accessible experimental and computational framework for the analysis of the mechanisms and impact of functional variability of neurons within the neural circuits to which they belong

Force and thickness prediction with FEA of the cranial implants manufactured through SPIF

Single point incremental forming is a process which is primarily used for prototyping, small series production and unique parts. This procedure shows a high potential in the development of complex shape parts where the time of the execution does not play an important role. Among the applications of this process are the execution of various medical prostheses, such as: knee prostheses and cranial implants. The aim of this paper is to determine the forces which take place during the manufacture process of an cranial implant, as well as the thinning of the material through the help of finite element analysis. After the numerical simulation, from the results obtained it is possible to observe the behaviour of the material at different forces which appear during the deformation process. In addition, in this paper will be presented considerations about the thinning of the material used for the cranial implant

The Usage of the Johnson-Cook Constitutive Model in the Finite Element Analysis of the Caulking Process

The present paper highlights the importance of generating a model for analysing the caulking process. The caulking operation is a fast, cost-efficient, cost-effective way of assembling, which is currently less studied in world-wide papers. The operation is at the border between plastic deformation and cutting process. It is therefore necessary to create a model to describe the process. In the paper are presented the main examples of applications, the main parameters that characterize the process, the current state of the cutting and plastic deformation models. After the analysis we concluded that the most valuable model for describing plastic deformations is the Johnson-Cook model. This information is the basis for developing a model for describing the caulking process

Common defects of parts manufactured through single point incremental forming

Single point incremental forming is one of the most intensely researched die-less manufacturing process. This process implies the usage of a CNC equipment or a serial robot which deforms a sheet metal with the help of a relatively simple tool that follows an imposed toolpath. As every cold metal forming process, besides the many given advantages it has also some drawbacks. One big drawback in comparison with other cold metal forming processes is the low accuracy of the deformed parts. The aim of this research is to investigate the sheet metal bending mechanism through finite element method analysis. The results shows that the shape of the retaining rings has a big influence over the final geometrical accuracy of the parts manufactured through single point incremental forming

Analysis of forming forces at SPIF using Taguchi method

Incremental sheet metal forming process has seen one of the highest increases in diversity in the last years. Single point incremental forming (SPIF) has become more attractive due to multiple benefits it possesses over other conventional cold forming processes such as deep-drawing. However, the process has yet to arise in the large-scale industrial implementation because of its drawbacks such as high production time and low accuracy, which lead to prototype production. A very important aspect for this manufacturing process is the analysis of the form-ing forces in terms of process energy especially when using industrial robots. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of material and vertical step over the forming forces. Thus, aluminum and steel sheets with a thickness of 0,8mm were incrementally deformed as a truncated cone with an angle of 60°, at a depth of 30mm. Experiments were performed using a KUKA KR 210-2 robot which allows to measure the forces using a piezoresistive sensor. After performing the analysis of the forming forces using the Taguchi method, it can be observed that the material has the highest influence

Celiac disease and Sjögren's syndrome : A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic, chronic immune-mediated disease triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically-susceptible individuals, with a prevalence of 1% worldwide. Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is also a systemic autoimmune disease, mainly characterized by ocular and oral sicca symptoms and signs. Sharing a common genetic background, CD and SS are known associated autoimmune diseases, but currently available guidelines are not reporting it. CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 39-year-old woman, who was in the care of her rheumatologist for 2 years with SS. On routine follow-up she was found to have iron deficiency, without anemia. She had no gastrointestinal complaints and denied any obvious source of blood loss. IgA tissue transglutaminase antibodies were positive and endoscopy with duodenal biopsies revealed crypt hyperplasia and villous atrophy. A diagnosis of CD was set and gluten-free diet was recommended. CONCLUSION We present a review of existing data in the literature regarding the association of the two diseases, summarizing prevalence studies of CD in SS patients and the other way around. Screening recommendations and future research perspectives are also discussed, highlighting clinically relevant unanswered questions with respect to the association of CD with SS.publishedVersionPeer reviewe

Experimental Research on the Behaviour of Metal Active Gas Tailor Welded Blanks during Single Point Incremental Forming Process

The present paper aims to study the behaviour of Metal Active Gas (MAG) tailor welded blanks during the single point incremental forming process (SPIF) from an experimental point of view. The single point incremental forming process was chosen for manufacturing truncated cone and truncated pyramid shaped parts. The same material (S355) and the same thickness (0.9 mm) were selected for the joining of blank sheets because the main goal of the paper was to study the influence of the MAG welding process throughout the SPIF process. A Kuka robot, equipped with a force transducer and an optical measurement system were used for manufacturing and evaluating the parts by SPIF. The selected output data were major and minor strain, thickness reduction, forces and springback at the SPIF process. Another line test was performed to evaluate the formability in SPIF. The main conclusion of the paper is that during the SPIF process, fractures occur in one side welded blanks even at moderate wall angles, while in the case of double side welded blanks there is a decrease of formability but parts can still be produced at moderate angles (55 degrees) without any problems

Prognostic Potential of Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells in Resectable Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

(1) Background: The immune microenvironment plays an important role in carcinogenesis and has prognostic potential in many types of cancer. In this study we assess the prognostic character of tumor-infiltrating immune cells CD4+, CD8+ and CD56+ in resectable oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC); (2) Methods: We have evaluated the densities of CD4+, CD8+ and CD56+ in two distinct compartments, intratumor and invasion front, in 90 patients with OSCC; (3) Results: Significant differences were found between the tumor compartments for the CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. An improved outcome (OS) was seen in patients with high densities of intratumor CD8+ lymphocytes (p = 0.0086), CD8+ lymphocytes at the front of invasion (p = 0.0011) and for intratumor CD56+ cells (p = 0.0016). Multivariate analysis confirmed the independent prognostic role of CD8+ at the front of invasion (OR = 3.75, CI95% 1.17–12.35, p = 0.026) and for intratumor CD56+ cells (OR = 3.669, CI95% 1.09–15.37, p = 0.035); (4) Conclusions: Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ lymphocytes at the front of invasion and CD56+ in the intratumor compartment display predictive traits in OSCC. A reach immune infiltration with these types of cells is associated with an improved patient outcome