Cuando las memorias toman posición: la memoria cultural y sus mediaciones [Introducción al número monográfico]

Los semióticos de la Escuela de Tartu Juri Lotman y Boris Uspensky definieron la cultura como la “memoria no hereditaria de la comunidad”; es decir, una memoria que no se transmite a través de los genes, sino mediante un sistema de símbolos hecho de prescripciones y contradicciones, de restricciones y conflictos. Esto que Aleida Assmann, entre otros, llama “memoria cultural”, se disputa a través de prácticas sociales que denominaremos mediaciones: procesos de circulación cultural que ocurren entre las producciones de sentido institucionalizadas y las apropiaciones que se hacen desde los usos de las gentes del común. La memoria se ha convertido en un territorio controvertido y contradictorio, amenazada no sólo por la supresión ni por la censura, sino por la superabundancia de información (Todorov), así como por el “imperio de la instantaneidad” (Reyes Mate) al que se somete una industria de los relatos convertida en fábrica de presente, que aceleradamente pierde su conciencia sobre el pasado. Esta sensación de ruptura entre pasado y presente en una época de déficit de conciencia histórica y de amnesia generalizada, tiene su contrapunto en el entusiasmo nostálgico por un pasado sobrerrepresentado de lo que se ha llamado la “era de conmemoración”: la expansión de museos memoriales y ciudades-museo, la turistización de espacios de la memoria, la fascinación por los diseños retro y vintage, la revalorización de los mercadillos de segunda mano, el auge de la novela y las series históricas en la televisión

Sistemas de enseñanza adaptativos : experiencias de PDinamet en la enseñanza de la Física

Artículo sobre el aprendizaje a través de sistemas adaptativos enfocado al aprendizaje de un tema de Física denominado Dinámica. En primer lugar se hace una pequeña introducción en la que se justifica el uso de los sistemas adaptativos como una nueva forma metodológica que permita personalizar la enseñanza y se nos presenta PDinamet. Después se explica el diseño pedagógico de PDinamet, la metodología que se utiliza, el propósito de la herramienta para alumno y profesor y una breve descripción de los criterios observados para la presentación de contenidos. A continuación se exploran las posibilidades de adaptación del sistema desde el punto de vista del alumno y se detallan las dificultades del alumno y las adaptaciones que se han llevado a cabo para abordar dichas dificultades. Se hace lo mismo con el módulo del tutor y se explican sus posibilidades y la herramienta minería de datos o como obtener informes y el tipo de informes. Por último se expone una posible aplicación práctica de PDinamet con su esquema de trabajo recomendado y las actuaciones recomendadas para el profesor y el alumno haciendo hincapié constantemente en las múltiples posibilidades del programa enfatizando que lo que se describe es sólo una propuesta

Analysis of double-parallel amplified recirculating optical-delay lines

A novel method of analysis of double-parallel amplified recirculating optical-delay lines (DPAROD) is presented. The location of the maxima and the minima of the transfer function for this configuration is calculated and experimentally demonstrated. The influence of different parameters, such as the coupling coefficients, gains, lengths of the fiber loops and fractional losses of the directional couplers, on the shape of the transfer function are analyzed. Different measurements have been taken to verify this model. The potential application of these interconnected delay loops as filters is a reason for developing this method.Publicad

Effect of DNA repair deficiencies on the cytotoxicity of resveratrol

Numerous preclinical studies have shown that the naturally-occurring polyphenol resveratrol may produce health-beneficial effects in a variety of disorders, including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer, and cardiovascular diseases. Resveratrol has entered clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of several of these disorders. This polyphenol is also available in the market as a dietary supplement. Experimental data have shown, however, that resveratrol induces DNA damage in a variety of cells. Here we review such evidence and evaluate the cytotoxicity of resveratrol (MTT assay) in cells deficient in several major DNA repair pathways (i.e., homologous recombination, non-homologous end joining, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, and Fanconi anemia repair). Cells deficient in base excision repair (EM9), nucleotide excision repair (UV4 and UV5) and Fanconi Anemia (KO40) were slightly hypersensitive to resveratrol-induced cytotoxicity with respect to their parental cells (AA8). Our results suggest that these pathways may participate in the repair of the DNA damage induced by resveratrol and that deficiencies in these pathways may confer hypersensitivity to the genotoxic activity of this dietary constituen

Characterization of Laser-Induced Plasmas Of Organic Compounds by spatially- and temporally resolved optical emission spectrometry

The large majority of laser-induced plasmas experiments are performed on metals in air at atmospheric pressure, where recombination mechanisms do not play a significant role, as the primary emission lines of interest are significantly more intense than those derived from recombination with air, particularly those yielding oxides. Due to the large number of electronic transitions commonly attainable on metals, many intense emission lines are recorded and different regions of interest useful for identification and quantification purposes may be assigned. The main difficulties in the interpretation of the molecular emission of species containing C, N, O or H relies on the questions concerning their origin: direct release from native bonds or recombination with ambient constituents. In other words: does the resultant spectrum mimic the structure of a molecule or the molecular information gets lost in the course of the secondary reactions? Considering that the spectrum observed is always a convolution of primary and secondary processes, experiments in vacuum or in controlled atmospheres may help to address such questions. The present work shows detailed experiments where spatially- and temporally-resolved optical emission spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas on organic compounds has been performed. The experiments cover a pressure range from 1000 mbar to 10-3 mbar that allows a precise observation of the effect of the surrounding atmosphere in the formation of species by recombination.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Nueva escala de medición de mentalidad fija y aprendiente: desarrollo y validación

This paper describes the development of 33 scale items to assess people's fixed and growth mindset perceptions. The concept of fixed and growth mindset arises from the theory of Carol S. Dweck that has been discussed for years in various investigations in the school environment, however a scale of measurement in adults, particularly in workers for productivity, has not yet been developed. A measurement scale with three sections was designed with 70 items of fixed, learning mentality, taked the intelligence measurement of Buchanan, and Kern (2017), Dweck, Chiu, and Hong (1995), Dweck et al. (1999), as the reference. In the study, 97 supervisors from the maquiladora industry of Reynosa Tamaulipas participated; surveys were applied to three groups of participants to carry out the factorial reduction analysis process to verify the level of significance and validation of reagents. As a result, 15 fixed mindset were obtained. and 18 questions of growth mindset, which corroborate the referred theories of the measurement of the two dimensions of fixed and growth mindset. The use of this scale can serve as a reference for future research in adults to demonstrate their competence in productivity.Esta publicación describe el desarrollo de 33 reactivos de escala para evaluar las percepciones de mentalidad fija y aprendiente de las personas. El concepto de mentalidad fija y aprendiente surge de la teoría de Carol S. Dweck que ha sido discutida por años en diversas investigaciones en el ámbito escolar, sin embargo aún no se ha desarrollado una escala de medición en adultos particularmente en trabajadores para la productividad, se diseñó una escala de medición con tres secciones con 70 reactivos de mentalidad fija y aprendiente, tomando la referencia la medición de inteligencia de Dweck, Chiu y Hong (1995), Dweck et al. (1999) y Buchanan y Kern (2017). En el estudio participaron 97 supervisores de la industria maquiladora de Reynosa Tamaulipas, se aplicaron encuestas a tres grupos de participantes para realizar el proceso de análisis de reducción factorial para comprobar el nivel de significancia y validación de reactivos. Como resultado se obtuvieron 15 reactivos de mentalidad fija y 18 reactivos de mentalidad aprendiente, los cuales corroboran las teorías referidas de la medición de las dos dimensiones de mentalidad fija y aprendiente. El uso de esta escala puede servir como referente para futuras investigaciones en adultos para demostrar su competencia en la productividad

Amplified Fiber-Optic Recirculating Delay Lines

Experimental and theoretical results on single- and double-amplified recirculating delay lines are presented. One of our aims is to emphasize their application as filters, showing a wide flexibility of design. Analysis of their performance in the spectral and time domains have been carried out. A novel method of understanding the behavior of double structures has been developed and successfully tested with experimental results employing Er-doped fiber amplifiers as delay lines.Publicad

Femtosecond time-resolved phase-change microscopy and ablation threshold calculations to understand ultrafast laser ablation

El trabajo recoge experimentos realizados en una configuración sonda-prueba haciendo uso de un láser de femtosegundos, con el objetivo de comprender los fenómenos de ablación de materiales sólidos ras irradiación con láseres de pulso ultracorto.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Codimension one Ricci soliton subgroups of solvable Iwasawa groups

Recently, Jablonski proved that, to a large extent, a simply connected solvable Lie group endowed with a left-invariant Ricci soliton metric can be isometrically embedded into the solvable Iwasawa group of a non-compact symmetric space. Motivated by this result, we classify codimension one subgroups of the solvable Iwasawa groups of irreducible symmetric spaces of non-compact type whose induced metrics are Ricci solitons. We also obtain the classifications of codimension one Ricci soliton subgroups of Damek-Ricci spaces and generalized Heisenberg groupsRécemment, Jablonski a prouvé que, dans une large mesure, un groupe de Lie résoluble simplement connexe doté d'une métrique de soliton de Ricci invariante à gauche peut être isométriquement plongé dans le groupe d'Iwasawa résoluble d'un espace symétrique non compact. Motivés par ce résultat, nous classons les sous-groupes de codimension un des groupes d'Iwasawa résolubles des espaces symétriques irréductibles de type non compact dont les métriques induites sont des solitons de Ricci. Nous obtenons également les classifications des sous-groupes de codimension un des espaces de Damek-Ricci et des groupes de Heisenberg généralisés qui sont des solitons de Ricci avec la métrique induiteS

A sequence stratigraphic based geological model for constraining hydrogeological modeling in the urbanized area of the Quaternary Besòs delta (NW Mediterranean coast, Spain)

The Quaternary Besòs delta is located on the Mediterranean coast in NE Spain. The Besòs Delta Complex includes 3 aquifers constituted by 3 sandy and gravelly bodies, separated by lutitic units. These aquifers supply water for domestic and industrial use in this area. Management of groundwater has been problematic in the Besòs delta since the 1960s, and continues to pose major problems for subsurface engineering works in this highly urbanized region. This study seeks to demonstrate the advantages of detailed geological characterization and modeling for designing and constructing a hydrogeological model. Available information of the subsurface was compiled, integrated and homogenized in a geospatial database. The interpretation of these data enabled us to delimit geological units by means of a sequence stratigraphic subdivision. A three-dimensional facies belt-based model of the Besòs delta was built on the basis of this geological characterization. This model was used to constrain the distribution of hydraulic parameters and thus to obtain a consistent hydrogeological model of the delta, which was calibrated by data of water management and production over the last hundred years. The resulting hydrogeological model yielded new insights into water front displacements in the aquifer during the time-span considered, improving predictions in an attempt to optimize aquifer management