¿Puede el ejercicio físico moderado durante el embarazo actuar como un factor de prevención de la Diabetes Gestacional? (Can moderate physical exercise during pregnancy act as a factor in preventing Gestational Diabetes?)

<p align="justify">The aim of the present study was to know the effectiveness of exercise of a moderate program developed during pregnancy in the excessive maternal weight gain and development of Gestational Diabetes (GD). We performed a clinical trial, randomized, unmatched, not masked by mean the collaboration between the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Health Center of Torrelodones (Madrid) and the Polytechnic University of Madrid. 55 pregnant women without obstetric contraindications were studied, (age= 32,9±3,9 years), all of them caucasian, 25 in the treatment group and 30 in the control group. A physical exercise program was developed (land/water) three times per week during pregnancy. According to our resultats, treatment group showed a lower maternal weight gain than in the control group (12.820±3.682 g and 14.780 g ± 3.427 g respectively, p=0.03). The values in the O'Sullivan test are lower in the treatment group than in the control group (102,9±17,7 gr/dL vs 125,6±30,8 gr/dL respectively, p=0,002). Not diagnosed any cases of GD in the treatment group while the control group 2 cases were diagnosed. The exercise done during the pregnancy reduces maternal weight gain, values of O’Sullivan score and apparently acts as a preventive factor of the GD.</p>Resumen<p align="justify">El presente trabajo pretende conocer la eficacia de un programa de ejercicio f��sico moderado desarrollado durante todo el embarazo en la excesiva ganancia de peso materno y el desarrollo de la Diabetes Gestacional (DG). Se realizó un ensayo clínico, aleatorizado, no apareado, no enmascarado mediante una colaboración entre el Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia del Centro de Salud de Torrelodones y la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. 55 gestantes sin contraindicaciones obstétricas fueron estudiadas, (edad=32,9±3,9 años), todas ellas caucásicas, 25 en el grupo de tratamiento y 30 en el de control. Se desarrolló un programa de ejercicio físico (seco/agua) durante todo el embarazo con una frecuencia de tres sesiones semanales. Nuestros resultados muestran que grupo de tratamiento presentó una menor ganancia de peso materno que en el de control (12.820±3.682 gr y 14.780±3.427 gr respectivamente, p=0,03), los valores en el Test de O´Sullivan (sobrecarga oral de glucosa) fueron inferiores en el grupo de tratamiento que en el de control 102,9±17,7 gr/dL vs 125,6±30,8 gr/dL respectivamente, p=0,002). No se diagnosticó ningún caso de DG en el grupo de tratamiento mientras que en el grupo de control se diagnosticaron 2 casos. El ejercicio físico desarrollado durante el embarazo reduce la ganancia de peso materno, los valores del Test de O’Sullivan y actúa aparentemente como un factor de prevención de la DG.</p

¿Puede el ejercicio físico moderado durante el embarazo actuar como un factor de prevención de la Diabetes Gestacional?

El presente trabajo pretendió conocer la eficacia de un programa de ejercicio físico moderado desarrollado durante todo el embarazo en el control de la excesiva ganancia de peso materno, la tolerancia materna a la glucosa y el desarrollo de la Diabetes Gestacional (DG). Se realizó un ensayo clínico, aleatorizado, no apareado, no enmascarado mediante una colaboración entre el Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia del Centro de Salud de Torrelodones y la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. 55 gestantes sin contraindicaciones obstétricas fueron estudiadas, (edad=32,9±3,9 años), todas ellas caucásicas, 25 en el grupo de tratamiento y 30 en el de control. Se desarrolló un programa de ejercicio físico (seco/agua) durante todo el embarazo con una frecuencia de tres sesiones semanales. Nuestros resultados muestran que grupo de tratamiento presentó una menor ganancia de peso materno que en el de control (12,8±3,6 kg y 14,7±3,4 kg respectivamente, p=0,03), los valores en el Test de O'Sullivan (sobrecarga oral de glucosa) fueron inferiores en el grupo de tratamiento que en el de control 102,9±17,7 gr/dL vs 125,6±30,8 gr/dL respectivamente, p=0,002). No se diagnosticó ningún caso de DG en el grupo de tratamiento mientras que en el grupo de control se diagnosticaron 2 casos. El ejercicio físico desarrollado durante el embarazo reduce la ganancia de peso materno, los valores del Test de O'Sullivan y actúa aparentemente como un factor de prevención de la DG

Ultrashort pulsed Femtosecond UV laser for selective cleaning of significant Cretaceous flints

This work reports on studies aimed to evaluate the utilization of ultrashort 238 fs (fs) pulsed UV laser emission at 343 nm for eliminating colored crusts and surface deposits on significant Cretaceous flint surfaces, in an attempt to safeguard its aesthetic appearance and archaeological value. The results indicate that fs UV lasers may be an ideal, non-contact tool for selective surface cleaning of sensitive archaeological artefacts, since they enable contaminant desorption while avoiding photothermal damage

Mise en évidence de changements paléoenvironnementaux au Miocène-Holocène dans l'estuaire du Rio Tinto (Sud-Ouest de l'Espagne) par des données sédimentologiques, géochimiques et faunistiques

This paper investigates the paleoenvironmental evolution of a long core extracted in a small cove located in the Tinto-Odiel estuary (SW Spain). The inferred reconstruction is supported by sedimentological, geochemical, paleontological data and dating. Seven phases have been identified, with the transit from Late Neogene marine environments to a subrecent freshwater pond and a final anthropic filling. On the basis of these data, this area was flooded during the maximum of the MIS-1 transgression (6.5-5.2 cal. kyr BP), with the temporary presence of a subtidal channel with phanerogam meadows. During this evolution, three geochemical peaks have been detected, which correspond to 1) the first evidence of mining activities (~4.5 cal. kyr BP), 2) an interval of intensive mining (1850- 1960) and 3) an industrial period (1966-1985), affected by the dumping of highly polluting waste into this estuary.Cet article étudie l'évolution paléoenvironnementale des couches d'un carottage d'une vingtaine de mètres effectué dans une petite anse de l'estuaire de Tinto-Odiel (Sud-Ouest de l'Espagne). La reconstitution des environnement est étayée par des données sédimentologiques, géochimiques et paléontologiques, ainsi que par des datations absolues. On y a distingué sept phases avec le passage des milieux marins du Néogène supérieur à un bassin d'eau douce sub-récent et un remplissage anthropique final. D'après ces données, cette zone a été ennoyée lors du maximum de la transgression MIS-1 (6500-5200 ans calibrés AP), avec la présence temporaire d'un chenal infralittoral avec des herbiers à phanérogames. Au cours de cette évolution, trois pics géochimiques ont été détectés ; ils correspondent successivement 1) aux premiers indices d'activités minières (~4500 ans calibrés AP), 2) à un épisode d'exploitation minière intensive (1850-1960) et 3) à une période industrielle (1966-1985) caractérisée par le déversement dans cet estuaire de déchets très polluants

Faunal evidence of the 1755 Lisbon Tsunami in Gibraltar (S Iberian Peninsula)

This paper analyzes the first systematic faunal record of the 1755 Lisbon tsunami in the Mediterranean. On the basis of sedimentological and paleontological features, the sedimentary record of a core collected in Gibraltar was divided into six sedimentary facies, with a paleoenvironmental evolution from a shallow marine paleoenviroment to an increasingly restricted lagoon. This record includes a bioclastic layer deposited by the 1755 Lisbon tsunami and characterized by an erosive base, presence of basal rip-up clasts and abundant shell debris composed by marine and brackish molluscs. The paleoenvironmental reconstruction derived from the foraminiferal analysis is congruent with that inferred from the sedimentary and the macrofaunal reconstructions, with the introduction of brackish species into the innermost, intertidal areas of a confined lagoon. This paleontological record is the first faunal evidence of the 1755 Lisbon tsunami in the Mediterranean.We thank the Gibraltar National Museum and its Director, Dr. Clive Finlayson, for the efforts made to conserve and acquire the BH borehole core. In addition, we thank the review of Dr. Akihisa Kitamura and Dr. Briony Mamo, whose suggestions greatly improved the manuscript, and the associate-editor of Geobios, Dr. Frédéric Quillévéré, for his kind help and comments during the revision process. This research was supported by two postdoctoral fellows of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation Government (Subprograma JDCMICINN, JCI-2010-06160) and the Huelva University (PP2010 P-01). Furthermore, this work is carried out through DGYCIT project CTM2006-06722/MAR, DGYCIT project CGL2006-01412, FEDER 2014-2020 project UHU-126029, PID2021- 127268NB-I00 project funded by MCIN/ AEI /10.13039/50110 0011033/ and by FEDER, and AYUDA PUENTE 2021 project M2615 of the Rey Juan Carlos University. Other funds have come from the Andalusian Government (groups RNM-238, RNM-293 and RNM-349) and Autonomous University of Madrid (GPG-418 Research Group). It is a contribution to the Research Center in Historical, Cultural and Natural Heritage (CIPHCN) of the University of Huelva

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group