Fine-grained high-performance Ba0.85Ca0.15 Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 piezoceramics obtained by current-controlled flash sintering of nanopowders

Due to environmental concerns, extensive research has been carried out to develop high-performance lead-free piezoceramics capable of replacing commercial lead-based materials. The lead-free (Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 -Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 system has emerged as a candidate for room temperature transducer applications because a high piezoelectric charge coefficient is achieved in this system for compositions at the morphotropic phase boundary. However, conventional ceramic processing of these eco-friendly piezoceramics demands high energy consumption because long-lasting, high-temperature heat treatments are needed, which often lead to microstructural degradation that compromises the material reliability. Field-assisted flash sintering has started to be explored since the application of an adequate electric field was shown to significantly reduce the sintering time and temperature, thereby controlling grain growth. In this work, Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 ceramics are obtained by current-controlled flash sintering of mechanosynthesized nanopowders. Exhaustive control of the sintering parameters allows tailoring of the microstructure, which allows dense fine-grained flash-sintered ceramics exhibiting a high electric field-induced strain response to be obtained.This work was supported by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), Spain, projects PGC2018-099158-B-I00 and PID2021–122708OB-C33. S. L-B. thanks Agència de Gestió d′Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR), Catalonia, Spain, for the FI-SDUR contract (2020 FISDU 00489). The authors acknowledge the ESRF (The European Synchrotron) for provision of synchrotron radiation facilities, and we would like to thank the BM25 (SpLine) staff for assistance in using the beamline.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles grafted with a light-responsive protein shell for highly cytotoxic antitumoral therapy

A novel phototriggered drug delivery nanocarrier, which exhibits very high tumor cytotoxicity against human tumoral cells, is presented. This device is based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles decorated with a biocompatible protein shell cleavable by light irradiation. The proteins that compose the protein shell (avidin, streptavidin and biotinylated transferrin) act as targeting and capping agents at the same time, avoiding the use of redundant systems. The light responsive behavior is provided by a biotinylated photocleavable cross-linker covalently grafted on the mesoporous surface, which suffers photocleavage by UV radiation (366 nm). Human tumoral cells incubated in the presence of a very low particle concentration enter into the apoptotic stage after a short irradiation time. Thus, the system described here could be applied to the treatment of exposed tumors that affect the skin, oesophagus, and stomach, among others, and are easily accessible for light irradiation

New 9-Terpenyl(7-Terpenyl)Purines: synthesis and cytotoxicity

The purine ring system is one of the most widely distributed N-heterocycles in Nature [1] and many structurally modified purine nucleosides and nucleotides have activities ranging from antineoplastic and antiviral to antihypertensive, antiasthmatic, antituberculosis, etc [2]. Among the purine derivatives, we have put our attention on natural N-alkylpurines such as the asmarines or agelasimines, a group of secondary metabolites isolated from marine sponges with very interesting biological properties [3]. They have a diterpenoid moiety attached to the N-7 nitrogen atom of an adenine and are usually isolated in very small quantities, which limited their structure-activity relationship studies. Our research group has been involved for years in the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic compounds related to natural products, including the chemoinduction of bioactivity on inactive terpenoids [4]. These diterpenoid include compounds such as communic or cupressic acids that bear decaline moieties very close to those present in the above-mentioned marine natural products. These facts prompted us to design and prepare new terpenylpurine derivatives starting from natural monoterpenoids and diterpenoids, commercially available or isolated from their natural sources and transformed into appropriate alkylated agents. Thus, we have prepared purines alkylated at N-7 and N-9 positions with isoprenoids, monoterpenoids and diterpenoids, using two different synthetic approaches: from 6-chloropurine or from 4,5-diamine-6-chloropyrimidine. The structure of the synthesized purines are shown in the following figure. The purine analogues synthesized have been evaluated for their cytotoxicity against four tumour human cell lines (breast, non-small lung, cervical and hepatocellular carcinoma) and non-tumour cells (porcine liver primary cells). The most cytotoxic derivatives were those with a diterpenoid rest on the purine. The results obtained allowed to draw conclusions on the structure-activity relationship of the compounds in order to evaluate the influence of the terpenyl size on their cytotoxic properties

Disacáridos cianogénicos y benzoilados en hojas de Psydrax Locuples

Las plantas del género Psydrax y otras Rubiaceas relacionadas son usadas en la medicina popular africana frente a malaria, fiebre, dolores de cabeza, reumatismos, diarrea, conjuntivitis, micosis y otros cuadros infecciosos. Apenas existe bibliografía fitoquímica sobre este género: únicamente tres compuestos en la especie Psydrax livida [1]. Recientemente hemos comunicado las propiedades antioxidantes y citotóxicas de los extractos obtenidos de hojas de Psydrax locuples, planta arbórea utilizada particularmente en Mozambique para tratar la “doença da lua” en niños y recién nacidos, un síndrome relacionado con la epilepsia caracterizado por fiebre, vómitos, diarrea, dolor de cabeza y cólicos abdominales [2]. A partir del extracto de acetato de etilo de sus hojas se han aislado, mediante sucesivas cromatografías en columna y cromatografías en capa fina preparativas, varios disacáridos acetilados con estructura de (2R)-β-D-apiofuranosil-(1→6)-β-Dglucopiranosa. Estos disacáridos se pueden clasificar en dos familias en función de si el hidroxilo de la posición 1 de la β-D-glucopiranosa se encuentra benzoilado o si se encuentra unido a un residuo de mandelonitrilo formando glicósidos cianogénicos relacionados con la oxyanthina presente en Psydrax livida [1].Estos disacáridos son prácticamente desconocidos en el reino vegetal, tanto los benzoilados como los cianogénicos, siendo la mayoría nuevos productos naturales

Gamification: an aid tool in the process of university education

La gamificación es un tema que cada día adquiere mayor relevancia e importancia en el medio educativo. El objetivo al realizar el presente estudio fue describir cómo la gamificación permite promover y desarrollar las competencias en entornos de enseñanza-aprendizaje al incorporarlas en el avance de formación universitaria. Este estudio fue realizado mediante metodología de investigación mixta, adoptando investigación documental e investigación descriptiva, aplicando encuesta virtual aleatoriamente entre 55 participantes mediante formulario de Google Drive a estudiantes de varios semestres universitarios quienes cursaron asignaturas del área administrativa. La aplicación de resultados obtenidos de esta investigación, permitió el afianzamiento de métodos en la enseñanza-aprendizaje dado en aulas de clases, progreso dado en competencias en los procesos de toma de decisiones organizacionales y simulación de las opciones realizadas. Se puede concluir que las herramientas de simulación están permitiendo gestión eficiente de la información y simular diferentes escenarios organizacionales alcanzando toma de decisiones eficientes.Gamification is a topic that every day acquires greater relevance and importance in the educational environment. The objective in carrying out this study was to describe how gamification allows promoting and developing skills in teaching-learning environments by incorporating them in the advancement of university education. This study was carried out using a mixed research methodology, adopting documentary research and descriptive research, applying a virtual survey randomly among 55 participants through a Google drive form to students from several university semesters who took courses in the administrative area. The application of results obtained from this research allowed the consolidation of methods in teaching-learning given in classrooms, progress given in competencies in organizational decision-making processes and simulation of the options made. It can be concluded that simulation tools are allowing efficient information management and simulating different organizational scenarios, achieving efficient decision making

Galaxy classification: deep learning on the OTELO and COSMOS databases

Context. The accurate classification of hundreds of thousands of galaxies observed in modern deep surveys is imperative if we want to understand the universe and its evolution. Aims. Here, we report the use of machine learning techniques to classify early- and late-type galaxies in the OTELO and COSMOS databases using optical and infrared photometry and available shape parameters: either the Sersic index or the concentration index. Methods. We used three classification methods for the OTELO database: 1) u-r color separation , 2) linear discriminant analysis using u-r and a shape parameter classification, and 3) a deep neural network using the r magnitude, several colors, and a shape parameter. We analyzed the performance of each method by sample bootstrapping and tested the performance of our neural network architecture using COSMOS data. Results. The accuracy achieved by the deep neural network is greater than that of the other classification methods, and it can also operate with missing data. Our neural network architecture is able to classify both OTELO and COSMOS datasets regardless of small differences in the photometric bands used in each catalog. Conclusions. In this study we show that the use of deep neural networks is a robust method to mine the cataloged dataComment: 20 pages, 10 tables, 14 figures, Astronomy and Astrophysics (in press

The OTELO survey. A case study of [O III]4959,5007 emitters at <z> = 0.83

The OTELO survey is a very deep, blind exploration of a selected region of the Extended Groth Strip and is designed for finding emission-line sources (ELSs). The survey design, observations, data reduction, astrometry, and photometry, as well as the correlation with ancillary data used to obtain a final catalogue, including photo-z estimates and a preliminary selection of ELS, were described in a previous contribution. Here, we aim to determine the main properties and luminosity function (LF) of the [O III] ELS sample of OTELO as a scientific demonstration of its capabilities, advantages, and complementarity with respect to other surveys. The selection and analysis procedures of ELS candidates obtained using tunable filter (TF) pseudo-spectra are described. We performed simulations in the parameter space of the survey to obtain emission-line detection probabilities. Relevant characteristics of [O III] emitters and the LF([O III]), including the main selection biases and uncertainties, are presented. A total of 184 sources were confirmed as [O III] emitters at a mean redshift z=0.83. The minimum detectable line flux and equivalent width (EW) in this ELS sample are $\sim$5 $\times$ 10$^{-19}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{2}$ and $\sim$6 \AA, respectively. We are able to constrain the faint-end slope ($\alpha = -1.03\pm0.08$) of the observed LF([O III]) at z=0.83. This LF reaches values that are approximately ten times lower than those from other surveys. The vast majority (84\%) of the morphologically classified [O III] ELSs are disc-like sources, and 87\% of this sample is comprised of galaxies with stellar masses of M$_\star$ $<$ 10$^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$.Comment: v1: 16 pages, 6 figures. Accepted in Astronomy \& Astrophysics. v2: Author added in metadat