Role of Innate and Adaptive Cytokines in the Survival of COVID-19 Patients

SARS-CoV-2 is a new coronavirus characterized by a high infection and transmission capacity. A significant number of patients develop inadequate immune responses that produce massive releases of cytokines that compromise their survival. Soluble factors are clinically and pathologically relevant in COVID-19 survival but remain only partially characterized. The objective of this work was to simultaneously study 62 circulating soluble factors, including innate and adaptive cytokines and their soluble receptors, chemokines and growth and wound-healing/repair factors, in severe COVID-19 patients who survived compared to those with fatal outcomes. Serum samples were obtained from 286 COVID-19 patients and 40 healthy controls. The 62 circulating soluble factors were quantified using a Luminex Milliplex assay. Results. The patients who survived had decreased levels of the following 30 soluble factors of the 62 studied compared to those with fatal outcomes, therefore, these decreases were observed for cytokines and receptors predominantly produced by the innate immune system-IL-1 alpha, IL-1 alpha, IL-18, IL-15, IL-12p40, IL-6, IL-27, IL-1Ra, IL-1RI, IL-1RII, TNF alpha, TGF alpha, IL-10, sRAGE, sTNF-RI and sTNF-RII-for the chemokines IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-3, MIG and fractalkine; for the growth factors M-CSF and the soluble receptor sIL2Ra; for the cytokines involved in the adaptive immune system IFN gamma, IL-17 and sIL-4R; and for the wound-repair factor FGF2. On the other hand, the patients who survived had elevated levels of the soluble factors TNF beta, sCD40L, MDC, RANTES, G-CSF, GM-CSF, EGF, PDGFAA and PDGFABBB compared to those who died. Conclusions. Increases in the circulating levels of the sCD40L cytokine; MDC and RANTES chemokines; the G-CSF and GM-CSF growth factors, EGF, PDGFAA and PDGFABBB; and tissue-repair factors are strongly associated with survival. By contrast, large increases in IL-15, IL-6, IL-18, IL-27 and IL-10; the sIL-1RI, sIL1RII and sTNF-RII receptors; the MCP3, IL-8, MIG and IP-10 chemokines; the M-CSF and sIL-2Ra growth factors; and the wound-healing factor FGF2 favor fatal outcomes of the disease

Role of Innate and Adaptive Cytokines in the Survival of COVID-19 Patients

SARS-CoV-2 is a new coronavirus characterized by a high infection and transmission capacity. A significant number of patients develop inadequate immune responses that produce massive releases of cytokines that compromise their survival. Soluble factors are clinically and pathologically relevant in COVID-19 survival but remain only partially characterized. The objective of this work was to simultaneously study 62 circulating soluble factors, including innate and adaptive cytokines and their soluble receptors, chemokines and growth and wound-healing/repair factors, in severe COVID-19 patients who survived compared to those with fatal outcomes. Serum samples were obtained from 286 COVID-19 patients and 40 healthy controls. The 62 circulating soluble factors were quantified using a Luminex Milliplex assay. Results. The patients who survived had decreased levels of the following 30 soluble factors of the 62 studied compared to those with fatal outcomes, therefore, these decreases were observed for cytokines and receptors predominantly produced by the innate immune system—IL-1α, IL-1α, IL-18, IL-15, IL-12p40, IL-6, IL-27, IL-1Ra, IL-1RI, IL-1RII, TNFα, TGFα, IL-10, sRAGE, sTNF-RI and sTNF-RII—for the chemokines IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-3, MIG and fractalkine; for the growth factors M-CSF and the soluble receptor sIL2Ra; for the cytokines involved in the adaptive immune system IFNγ, IL-17 and sIL-4R; and for the wound-repair factor FGF2. On the other hand, the patients who survived had elevated levels of the soluble factors TNFβ, sCD40L, MDC, RANTES, G-CSF, GM-CSF, EGF, PDGFAA and PDGFABBB compared to those who died. Conclusions. Increases in the circulating levels of the sCD40L cytokine; MDC and RANTES chemokines; the G-CSF and GM-CSF growth factors, EGF, PDGFAA and PDGFABBB; and tissue-repair factors are strongly associated with survival. By contrast, large increases in IL-15, IL-6, IL-18, IL-27 and IL-10; the sIL-1RI, sIL1RII and sTNF-RII receptors; the MCP3, IL-8, MIG and IP-10 chemokines; the M-CSF and sIL-2Ra growth factors; and the wound-healing factor FGF2 favor fatal outcomes of the diseaseThis research was coordinated by ProA Capital and Startlite Foundation, Programa de Actividades de I+D de la Comunidad de Madrid en Biomedicina (B2020/MITICAD-CM), Halekulani S.L., MJR; and Universidad de Alcala COVID-19 UAH 2019/00003/016/001/026 and COVID-19 2021-2020/00003/016/001/027Peer reviewe

The Quaternary Active Faults Database of Iberia (QAFI v.2.0)

The Quaternary Active Faults Database of Iberia (QAFI) is an initiative lead by the Institute of Geology and Mines of Spain (IGME) for building a public repository of scientific data regarding faults having documented activity during the last 2.59 Ma (Quaternary). QAFI also addresses a need to transfer geologic knowledge to practitioners of seismic hazard and risk in Iberia by identifying and characterizing seismogenic fault-sources. QAFI is populated by the information freely provided by more than 40 Earth science researchers, storing to date a total of 262 records. In this article we describe the development and evolution of the database, as well as its internal architecture. Aditionally, a first global analysis of the data is provided with a special focus on length and slip-rate fault parameters. Finally, the database completeness and the internal consistency of the data are discussed. Even though QAFI v.2.0 is the most current resource for calculating fault-related seismic hazard in Iberia, the database is still incomplete and requires further review

Monitorización geodésica de las zonas de falla de Alhama de Murcia, Palomares y Carrascoy (zona de cizalla de las Béticas Orientales): trabajos en marcha

Reunión Ibérica sobre Fallas Activas y Paleosismología (3ª. 2018. Alicante). - Texto en español con resumen y palabras claves en inglés y españolEl objetivo de este trabajo es llevar a cabo estudios geodésicos en la Zona de Cizalla de las Béticas Orientales, que complementen los estudios paleosísmicos y sismológicos que se están desarrollando en la zona. El objetivo fundamental es determinar la deformación actual que se está produciendo en la zona, lo que permitirá conocer el comportamiento cinemático de los principales segmentos que la forman y su incorporación en la evaluación de la amenaza sísmica de la zona. Para ello, a finales de 2015 se ha establecido una red GPS, con 9 estaciones de campaña y una estación permanente, que complementa las redes existentes, que cubre las zonas de las fallas de Alhama de Murcia, Palomares y Carrascoy y en la que se han realizado dos campañas de observación. En el presente trabajo se presentan el estado actual de la monitorización geodésica, así como algunos resultados preliminares. = The objective of this work is to carry out geodetic studies in the Eastern Betics Shear Zone, which complements the paleoseismic and seismological studies that are being developed in the area. The main objective is to determine the current deformation that is taking place in the area, which will allow to know the kinematic behaviour of the main faults and its constituent segment, and their consequent incorporation into the seismic hazard assessment. For this, at the end of 2015 a GPS network was established, with 9 campaign stations and 1 continuous GPS station, which complements the existing networks, covering the fault zones of Alhama de Murcia, Palomares and Carrascoy and in which two observation campaigns have been carried out. In this paper we present the current state of geodetic monitoring, as well as some preliminary results.Departamento de Ingeniería Topográfica y Cartografía, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, EspañaDepartamento de Geodinámica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, EspañaInstituto Geológico y Minero de España, EspañaGrupo RISKNAT, Departament de Dinàmica de la Terra i de l’Oceà, Universitat de Barcelona, EspañaÁrea de Geodesia, Área de Geodesia. Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Españ

Revelando la geometría en profundidad de las fallas activas que limitan el valle del Guadalentín mediante sísmica de reflexión de alta resolución: resultados preliminares

[EN]: To produce seismic hazard assessments to the current state-of-the-art, it is essential to characterize the active faults in terms of geometry, interrelation and seismotectonic status. The Guadalentin Depression is the main basin within the Eastern Betic Shear Zone, which corresponds to a NE-SW tectonic corridor bounded by the Carrascoy, Alhama de Murcia and Palomares faults, from north to south. Although a number of active tectonics and paleoseismological studies have been carried out in these faults, almost nothing is known about their geometry at depth. To unveil the deep structure, geometry and upper Neogene deformation history of these faults we have carried out a high-resolution seismic reflection survey. The acquired seismic profiles will allow to improve our understanding of the deep geometry of the known active faults (up to 2 km depth), as well as to identify potential buried branches and will help to reduce the uncertainties in seismic hazard assessment.[ES]: Para producir evaluaciones del peligro sísmico actualizadas al estado del arte actual, es esencial caracterizar las fallas activas de una región en términos de geometría, interrelación y estado sismotectónico. La depresión del Guadalentín es la principal cuenca cuaternaria dentro de la Zona de Cizalla de las Béticas Orientales, la cual corresponde a un corredor tectónico con dirección NE-SW delimitado por las fallas de Carrascoy, Alhama de Murcia y Palomares, de norte a sur. Aunque varios estudios de tectónica activa y paleosismología se han centrado en estas fallas, su geometría en profundidad es bastante incierta. Para revelar la estructura profunda, la geometría y el historial de deformación desde el Neógeno superior de estas fallas, hemos llevado a cabo un estudio de sísmica de reflexión de alta resolución. Los perfiles sísmicos adquiridos permitirán mejorar nuestra comprensión de la geometría profunda de las fallas activas conocidas (hasta 2 km de profundidad), así como identificar posibles ramas ciegas, y ayudarán a reducir las incertidumbres en los cálculos de peligrosidad sísmicaHector Perea es un investigador postdoctoral del programa "Atracción de Talento" en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid financiado por la Comunidad de Madrid (2018-T1/AMB-11039). Paula Herrero y Júlia Molins han estado contratadas por el proyecto UNrIDDLE (2018-T1/AMB-11039). Juan Alcalde ha recibido financiación de las ayudas IJC2018-036074-I financiadas por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.Peer reviewe

COVID-19 outbreaks in a transmission control scenario: challenges posed by social and leisure activities, and for workers in vulnerable conditions, Spain, early summer 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 community-wide transmission declined in Spain by early May 2020, being replaced by outbreaks and sporadic cases. From mid-June to 2 August, excluding single household outbreaks, 673 outbreaks were notified nationally, 551 active (>6,200 cases) at the time. More than half of these outbreaks and cases coincided with: (i) social (family/friends’ gatherings or leisure venues) and (ii) occupational (mainly involving workers in vulnerable conditions) settings. Control measures were accordingly applied

Global wealth disparities drive adherence to COVID-safe pathways in head and neck cancer surgery

Peer reviewe

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Experiencias de aprendizaje

Libro de experiencias de aprendizaje del grupo de investigación Giteca y de los semilleros de investigación en la que se visualizan las diferentes experiencias lideradas por instructores y aprendices en las diferentes áreas y líneas de formación.Book of learning experiences of the Giteca research group and the research hotbeds in which the different experiences led by instructors and apprentices in the different areas and lines of training are visualized.Propagación in vitro como un camino de aprendizaje para la formación profesional integral -- Experiencias significativas de aprendizaje, laboratorio de hematología y parasitología animal del Complejo Tecnológico para la Gestión Agroempresarial CTPGA-SENA -- Experiencias significativas adquiridas por aprendices en el área de SENNOVA, Complejo Tecnológico para la Gestión Agroempresarial. Regional – Antioquia -- El papel de la prensa escrita en el desarrollo de la competencia textual -- Aprendiendo a Emprender con un emprendedor -- Ven y te cuento sobre ADSI -- Observaciones fenológicas del cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao) en los municipios de Tarazá, El Bagre y Caucasia dentro de la formación del programa SENA emprende rural -- Tejiendo sueños desde la formación -- Forraje verde hidropónico como alternativa para disminuir la expansión de la frontera agrícola en el Putumayo -- La importancia del saber hacer para ser competente en el sector agrícola -- Experiencia significativa de aprendizaje semilleros de investigación -- La investigación como ente transformador de pensamientos -- Piscícola Paraguay; Mi Sueño, Mi Proyecto de Vida! -- Estrategia de aprendizaje a través de la investigación y la empresa aplicando un programa de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial –RSE -- Matemática aplicada para procesos agroindustriales de panificaciónna85 página