Use of water soluble extracts from ulva sp. by probiotics and fish bacterial pathogens

BACKGROUNDS The potential of seaweeds as dietary components is considered for a wide range of cultured fish species. In this context, Ulva is investigated as a good source of protein, minerals and vitamins. In addition, of probiotics are used to improve fish growth and modulate immune system and intestinal microbiota. To promote probiotics colonization and maintenance in the intestine, prebiotics are included in fish diets. Prebiotics are indigestible substrates used as energy sources for gastrointestinal microbiota, with a positive effect on the nutrition and health status of the host. In the present work, ability of selected probiotic and fish pathogen strains to use water soluble extracts from Ulva as nutrient source has been evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Water-soluble extracts from Ulva sp. prepared by sonication of dehydrated samples were used to supplement minimum medium (M9). Probiotics and pathogens growth was evaluated based on the optical densities measured with a microplate reader. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Probiotics were able to grow in minimum medium using water soluble extracts as nutrient source. On the other hand, P. damselae subsp. piscicida and V. harveyistrains were also able to grow with Ulvaextracts as nutrient source. However, incubation time to reach maximum growth was longer. Although Ulva extract may support growth of both probiotics and pathogen bacteria, faster growth of probiotics may help for the establishment of probiotic populations in the intestinal environment. In addition, beneficial effects on growth performance, gut microbiota, immunity and disease resistance of Ulva for Solea senegalensisare being studied. This work was funded by INIA, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and FEDER (RTA201400023 C0202).This work was funded by INIA, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and FEDER (RTA201400023 C0202).Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Bias correction of global irradiance modelled with the Weather Research and Forecasting model over Paraguay

" In this contribution, we present a post-process analysis of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model which combines a Kalman Filter with Model Output Statistics for bias correction in order to improve the overall predicted values of GHI simulations over Paraguay. The hourly GHI is simulated at 4x4 km2 of spatial resolution. The annual evaluation of the hourly WRF model without post process shows relative mean bias error (rMBE) of 21% and relative root mean square error (rRMSE) of 81%. The results using several ground stations and combinations of post-process show an annual correction of systematic errors with rMBE of -0.7% and rRMSE of 70%."CONACYT - Consejo Nacional de Ciencias y TecnologíaPROCIENCI

Bias correction of global irradiance modelled with the Weather Research and Forecasting model over Paraguay

In this contribution, we present a post-process analysis of Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF-ARW) model which combines a Kalman Filter with Model Output Statistics (MOS) for bias correction in order to improve the overall predicted values of GHI simulations over Paraguay.CONACYT - Consejo Nacional de Ciencias y TecnologíaPROCIENCI

Detección y caracterización molecular de Chlamydia psittaci y Chlamydia abortus en psitácidos mascotas en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina

In order to determine the presence and genetic diversity of Chlamydia spp. in the north-eastern area of Buenos Aires province, Argentina, conjunctival, oropharyngeal, cloacal swab and tissues were collected from a total of 90 psittacine pet birds of different age and clinical manifestations. Through molecular methods, Chlamydiaceae was detected in 30% (27/90) of the samples, out of which 70.3% (19/27) were positive for Chlamydia psittaci and 14.9% (4/27) for Chlamydia abortus. Nine C. psittaci positive samples were genotyped by ompA gene sequences, 8 clustered within genotype A and 1 within genotype B. A significant association was observed between the presence of Chlamydia spp. and the manifestation of clinical signs compatible with chlamydiosis, as well as with the age of the birds (younger than one year old). This report contributes to the improvement of our understanding of chlamydial agents in our country.Con el objetivo de determinar la presencia de Chlamydia spp. en psitácidos del área noreste de la provincia de Buenos Aires y conocer su diversidad genética, se recolectaron y analizaron mediante métodos moleculares hisopados conjuntivales, orofaríngeos, cloacales y tejidos de un total de 90 psitácidos de diferentes edades y con diversas manifestaciones clínicas. El 30% (27/90) de las muestras procesadas fueron positivas para Chlamydiaceae; el 70,3% (19/27) de estas resultaron positivas para Chlamydia psittaci y el 14,9% (4/27) para Chlamydia abortus. Nueve muestras positivas para C. psittaci fueron genotipificadas por secuenciación del gen ompA: 8 correspondieron al genotipo A y una al genotipo B. Se observó una asociación significativa entre la presencia de Chlamydia spp. y la manifestación de signos clínicos compatibles con clamidiosis, como así también con la edad de las aves (menores de un ano). ˜ Este informe contribuye a mejorar nuestro conocimiento de los agentes clamidiales en nuestro país.Fil: Origlia, Javier Anibal. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Patología de Aves y Pilíferos; ArgentinaFil: Cadario, Maria E.. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación.Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán"; Argentina. Dirección Nacional de Institutos de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Frutos, Maria Celia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Virología Dr. J. M. Vanella; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Lopez, Norberto F.. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Patología de Aves y Pilíferos; ArgentinaFil: Corva, Santiago. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Unzaga, Maria Florencia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Patología de Aves y Pilíferos; ArgentinaFil: Piscopo, Miguel Victor. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Patología de Aves y Pilíferos; ArgentinaFil: Cuffini, Cecilia Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Virología Dr. J. M. Vanella; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Petruccelli, Miguel Angel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Patología de Aves y Pilíferos; Argentin

Meduloblastoma pediatrikoaren pronostikorako markatzaile molekularren identifikazioa

Medulloblastoma is a very heterogeneous malignancy at both clinical and molecular levels. In recent years, thanks to the development of massive and whole genome sequencing techniques, many specific mutations have been discovered within each medulloblastoma subtype. Therefore, this study aimed to design a panel of somatic mutations and genes to allow the early recognition of poor prognosis patients or those that will develop resistance to therapy. With this aim, a systematic review was performed to identify all information available in the literature regarding mutations in genes involved in the development of pediatric medulloblastoma. We searched in PubMed database using the keywords and subject terms (Medulloblastoma*) AND (“mutation*” OR “genetic alteration*” OR “genetic variation*”). The original search provided 588 records, from which 62 were finally selected. Out of the 197 identified genes found in those records, 21 showed mutational frequencies higher than 2% and 5 (TP53, CTNNB1, PTCH1, SUFU and KDM6A) could be useful at diagnosis because of their prognostic value or because they were specific of a single subtype. The analysis of these genes could help achieve more individualized therapies based on molecular profile.; Meduloblastoma klinika eta oinarri molekular heterogeneoa duen minbizia da. Azken urteotan, genoma osoko eta sekuentziazio masiboko teknika molekularren garapenaren ondorioz, meduloblastoma pediatrikoan parte hartzen duten mutazio asko identifikatzea ahalbidetu da. Hortaz, lanaren helburua izan zen meduloblastoma pediatrikoaren pronostikoan edota terapian lagundu dezakeen gene eta mutazio somatikoen panel baten diseinua egitea. Horretarako, meduloblastoma pediatrikoan eragina duten geneei buruzko informazioa duen literaturaren berrikuspen sistematikoa egin zen. Bilaketarako Pubmed datubase bibliografikoa erabili zen, honako termino hauek erabiliz: (Medulloblastoma*) AND ("mutation*" OR "genetic alteration*" OR "genetic variation*"). Berrikuspen bibliografikoaren ondoren, hasieran zeuden 588 artikuluetatik 62 artikulutan 197 gene identifikatu ziren. Horietatik, % 2 baino gehiagoko mutazio-maiztasuna zuten 21 gene aurkitu ziren, eta diagnosiaren momentuan balio pronostikoa edo meduloblastoma azpimoten ezaugarri ziren 5 gene (TP53, CTNNB1, PTCH1, SUFU eta KDM6A). Gene horiek analizatuz gero, profil molekularrean oinarritutako tratamendu indibidualizatuak doitu litezke

A new score for airway assessment using clinical and ultrasound parameters

BackgroundOver the last few years, ultrasonography has been introduced as the fifth pillar to patient’s bedside physical examination. Clinical assessments aim to screen and look for airway difficulties to predict difficult intubations, but none have demonstrated a significant predictive capacity. Recent systematic reviews have established a correlation between ultrasound imaging and difficult direct laryngoscopy. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether the utilization of ultrasonography to examine the upper airway could accurately predict difficult direct laryngoscopy.MethodsThis is a prospective observational study including 102 adult patients that required general anesthesia for elective surgery. Preoperatively, clinical airway assessments were performed. Data such as Mallampati-Samsoon grade (MS), upper lip bite test (ULBT), thyromental (TMD) and sternomental distance (SMD), cervical circumference (CC) and the Arné risk index were collected. Ultrasound evaluation was taken at five different levels in two planes, parasagittal and transverse. Therefore, the following measurements were registered: distance from skin to hyoid bone (DSHB), distance from skin to thyrohyoid membrane (DSTHM), distance from skin to epiglottis (DSE), distance from skin to thyroid cartilage (DSTC) and distance from hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage (DHBTC). Patients were divided into two groups based on the difficulty to perform direct laryngoscopy, according to Cormack-Lehane (C-L) classification. Grades I and II were classified as easy laryngoscopy and grades III or IV as difficult. Logistic regression models and the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to determine the diagnostic precision of ultrasound measurements to distinguish difficult laryngoscopy (DL).ResultsThe following risk score for DL was obtained, DSTHM ≥ 1.60 cm (2 points), DSTC ≥ 0.78 cm (3 points) and gender (2 points for males). The score can range from 0 to 7 points, and showed and AUC (95% CI) of 0.84 (0.74–0.95). A score of 5 points or higher indicates a 34-fold increase in the risk of finding DL (p = 0.0010), sensitivity of 91.67, specificity of 75.56, positive predictive value of 33.33, and negative predictive value of 98.55.ConclusionThe use of ultrasonography combined with classic clinical screening tests are useful tools to predict difficult direct laryngoscopy

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Orientación Vocacional: propuesta de un instrumento de autoorientación

En el artículo se presenta un instrumento de autoorientación que conjuga tres variables importantes relacionas con la elección de la carrera: intereses, aptitudes y rendimiento -entendido como esfuerzo eficaz-. Se ofrece una revisión del concepto orientación vocacional y se plantean algunas teorías y modelos que aconsejan el desarrollo de los programas desde su adecuada implementación en las ofertas de los centros educativos