Projective architecture : studies toward the meaning and generative language of associative built form

Thesis (M.Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1982.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.Bibliography: p. 250-252.by Andrés F. Mignucci-Giannoni.M.Arch

Additional records of metazoan parasites from Caribbean marine mammals, including genetically identified anisakid nematodes

Studies of marine mammal parasites in the Caribbean are scarce. An assessment for marine mammal endo- and ectoparasites from Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, but extending to other areas of the Caribbean, was conducted between 1989 and 1994. The present study complements the latter and enhances identification of anisakid nematodes using molecular markers. Parasites were collected from 59 carcasses of stranded cetaceans and manatees from 1994 to 2006, including Globicephala macrorhynchus, Kogia breviceps, Kogia sima, Lagenodelphis hosei, Mesoplodon densirostris, Peponocephala electra, Stenella longirostris, Steno bredanensis, Trichechus manatus. Tursiops truncatus, and Ziphius cavirostris. Sixteen species of endoparasitic helminthes were morphologically identified, including two species of acanthocephalans (Bolbosoma capitatum, Bolbosoma vasculosum), nine species of nematodes (Anisakis sp., Anisakis brevispiculata, Anisakis paggiae, Anisakis simplex, Anisakis typica, Anisakis ziphidarium, Crassicauda anthonyi, Heterocheilus tunicatus, Pseudoterranova ceticola), two species of cestodes (Monorygma grimaldi, Phyllobothrium delphini), and three species of trematodes (Chiorchis groschafti, Pulmonicola cochleotrema, Monoligerum blairi). The nematodes belonging to the genus Anisakis recovered in some stranded animals were genetically identified to species level based on their sequence analysis of mitochondrial DNA (629 bp of mtDNA cox 2). A total of five new host records and six new geographic records are presented.L'articolo è disponibile sul sito dell'editore http://www.springerlink.com

Biogeography in the deep : hierarchical population genomic structure of two beaked whale species

Funding for this research was provided by the Office of Naval Research, Award numbers N000141613017 and N000142112712. ABO was supported by a partial studentship from the University of St Andrews, School of Biology; OEG by the Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (Scottish Funding Council grant HR09011); ELC by a Rutherford Discovery Fellowship from the Royal Society of New Zealand Te Aparangi; NAS by a Ramon y Cajal Fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Innovation; MLM by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant 801199); CR by the Marine Institute (Cetaceans on the Frontier) and the Irish Research Council; and MTO by the Hartmann Foundation.The deep sea is the largest ecosystem on Earth, yet little is known about the processes driving patterns of genetic diversity in its inhabitants. Here, we investigated the macro- and microevolutionary processes shaping genomic population structure and diversity in two poorly understood, globally distributed, deep-sea predators: Cuvier’s beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris) and Blainville’s beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris). We used double-digest restriction associated DNA (ddRAD) and whole mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequencing to characterise genetic patterns using phylogenetic trees, cluster analysis, isolation-by-distance, genetic diversity and differentiation statistics. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; Blainville’s n = 43 samples, SNPs=13988; Cuvier’s n = 123, SNPs= 30479) and mitogenomes (Blainville’s n = 27; Cuvier’s n = 35) revealed substantial hierarchical structure at a global scale. Both species display significant genetic structure between the Atlantic, Indo-Pacific and in Cuvier’s, the Mediterranean Sea. Within major ocean basins, clear differentiation is found between genetic clusters on the east and west sides of the North Atlantic, and some distinct patterns of structure in the Indo-Pacific and Southern Hemisphere. We infer that macroevolutionary processes shaping patterns of genetic diversity include biogeographical barriers, highlighting the importance of such barriers even to highly mobile, deep-diving taxa. The barriers likely differ between the species due to their thermal tolerances and evolutionary histories. On a microevolutionary scale, it seems likely that the balance between resident populations displaying site fidelity, and transient individuals facilitating gene flow, shapes patterns of connectivity and genetic drift in beaked whales. Based on these results, we propose management units to facilitate improved conservation measures for these elusive species.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Zoogeography of Marine Mammals in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

A zoo-geographical analysis of the marine mammals in the waters of Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands and British Virgin Islands was conducted to document the presence of the different species found, and to relate their occurrences to patterns of underwater bottom topography. Past and present knowledge on the biology and life history of the whales, dolphins, manatees and seals inhabiting the northeastern Caribbean are summarized to aid in correcting its actual fragmented and limited nature. A total of 2,776 occurrence records were filed on a specially formatted data base system, and analyzed for distributional and temporal patterns. Species analyzed include the Antillean manatee, and 17 species of cetaceans, including 13 odontocetes, three mysticetes, and the humpback whale. Each species was characterized in terms of its general description and life history, group composition, spatial distribution, temporal distribution, migration and movement, mortality, population estimates and status, and captivity history. In addition, each species was zoo-geographically characterized by depth classes (shelf, shelf edge, or offshore), and by sea floor relief (through the use of a relative slope index measure). The hypothesis that the spatial distribution of marine mammals is highly correlated to the area\u27s bathymetric relief, whether high or low, was generally supported. The possibility that the Caribbean monk seal is not extinct is discussed as part of a review of the natural history of monk seals and the documentation of pinniped occurrences, including captive and escaped California sea lions in waters of Puerto Rico and the Caribbean. A list of the published and unpublished, sighting, stranding and captivity records filed in the data base for each species is presented, together with report sheets and directions on how to document sighted and stranded animals