Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. and rickettsia spp. in ticks collected from european part of turkey

This study was performed in ticks collected with the flagging method from localities situated along Anatolian side of Istanbul to the Bulgarian border of Turkey which is under the effect of Black Sea climate. All ticks which were collected seasonally were screened for the presence of B. burgdorferi s.l. and Rickettsia spp. in pools. As a result, indicated agents were revealed to be common in ticks of studied localities, Ixodes ricinus being the predominant tick which was active throughout the year

Characteristics of Different Systems for the Solar Drying of Crops

Solar dryers are used to enable the preservation of agricultural crops, food processing industries for dehydration of fruits and vegetables, fish and meat drying, dairy industries for production of milk powder, seasoning of wood and timber, textile industries for drying of textile materials. The fundamental concepts and contexts of their use to dry crops is discussed in the chapter. It is shown that solar drying is the outcome of complex interactions particular between the intensity and duration of solar energy, the prevailing ambient relative humidity and temperature, the characteristics of the particular crop and its pre-preparation and the design and operation of the solar dryer

ICAR: endoscopic skull‐base surgery

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