Optička simulacija efuzije molekulskih snopova

The authors elaborate an analogy between a molecular beam and light beam. In the case of optical modelling of an effusion molecular beam, the light from a source is introduced into a simulation system, the "effusion\u27\u27 channel, via a ground glass plate. The inside of the channel is lined with a corrugated aluminium foil with a high reflection coefficient and the light is reflected from the wall in chaotic directions, just like molecules from the wall of an actual channel. The intensity distribution of the light beam is measured with a photodetector. In this way we obtain information on high vacuum processes by performing measurements under the normal pressure. Application of infrared radiation gives better information on molecular beams. Using the optical modelling, the authors have performed several simulation investigations for mass spectrometry and molecular beam epitaxy. Optical simulation results have been verified with real molecular beams.Razrađuje se analogija molekulskih i optičkih snopova. Optičko modeliranje efuzije molekulskog snopa radi se uvođenjem svjetla kroz mutno staklo u simulacijski sustav, ”efuzijski” kanal. Unutarnja strana kanala se oblaže navoranom aluminijskom folijom koja ima visok refleksijski koeficijent. Tako se svjetlost u kanalu reflektira kaotično, poput molekula sa stijenki stvarnog kanala. Mjerenja intenziteta svjetlosti načinjena su fotodetektorom. Infracrvena svjetlost daje bolje rezultate. Optička simulacija provjerena je mjerenjima sa stvarnim molekulskim snopovima

The computer control of MALDI system

The computer program controlling MALDI system and a time of flight mass spectrometer is described. This program allows to reduce a number of necessary activities for operation of used machines as well as to raise an operational safety of this equipment. Additionally, an advantage of the computer control is possibility of quick changing of any measurement parameters that is impossible to do manually

The computer controlling of the time delay of the extraction of ions from the ion source of the TOF mass spectrometer

Computer control of time delay of the extraction of ions from the ion source of the TOF mass spectrometer is presented. Owing to the computer, the user has the full control of power parameters and ion current delay, which is about microseconds

Effectiveness of Medtronic CareLink Express System in identifying patients with high-energy electrotherapy devices requiring clinically significant intervention

   Background: The number of patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy and defibrillator (CRT-D) is growing. This results in high workloads for centers performing standard controls (SC) of these systems. Medtronic CareLink Express® (MCLE) is a solution enabling remote controls (RC) of implantable devices. In cases of detecting arrhythmias or device malfunctioning, it automatically generates alarms transmitted to the controlling physician. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of alarms generated by MCLE in identification of patients that require clinically significant intervention during SC. Methods: A total of 119 patients (age 64 ± 14, 17 women) implanted with ICD/CRT-D were included in the trial. Device reprogramming or pharmacological treatment modifications during SC were as­sessed as significant if they were required for optimal clinical management of the patient (effectiveness of antiarrhythmic and resynchronization therapy, also patient safety). Analysis of generated alarms was then performed to assess the effectiveness (sensitivity and specificity) of MCLE in identifying patients that require changes in therapy. Results: Data from 129 transmissions and 129 subsequent SCs were analyzed. 179 alarms were recorded during 96 (74%) transmissions. A total of 333 program changes of implanted devices took place during 107 (83%) SCs. Device reprogramming was considered clinically significant in 27 cases Additionaly, 13 pharmacological treatment modifications were performed. Sensitivity and specificity of alarms generated by MCLE with regards to identification of patients requiring clinically significant intervention was 87% and 31%, respectively. Finally, a statistically significant difference was observed in the number of clinically significant interventions among patients with and without MCLE alarms (33 [86.8%] vs. 5 [13.2%], p = 0.037). Conclusions: Medtronic CareLink Express® is an RC system enabling high-sensitivity supervision of patients with cardia

Laserska desorpcijsko–ionizacijska masena spektroskopija potpomognuta sa C60

An application of C60-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of two organic samples including insulin (5734 Da), bovine albumin (66 000 Da) and a heteropoly inorganic system: phosphotungstic acid H3PO4(WO3)12×H2O, is presented. A nitrogen laser (337 nm) on a linear tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometer is used for the observation of the laser-power dependence of mass spectra.Opisuje se primjena laserske desorpcijsko–ionizacijske masene spektroskopije sa dva organska pripravka, insulin (5734 Da) sa crijevnim albuminom (66 000 Da), te heteropolni anorganski sistem od fosforovolframske kiseline, H3PO4(WO3)12×H2O. Primijenjen je dušikov laser pri linearnom tandem masenom spektrometru s mjerenjem vremena proleta i proučavana je ovisnost masenih spektara o snazi laserskog snopa. Pokazano je da se tehnika slojeva sa C60 kao substratom za desorpciju organskih ili neorganskih molekula, može primijeniti kao alternativna dobro poznatoj MALDI metodi

Human gut Faecalibacterium prausnitzii deploy a highly efficient conserved system to cross-feed on β-mannan-derived oligosaccharides

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are grateful for support from The Research Council of Norway (FRIPRO program to P.B.P.: 250479; BIONÆR program to B.W.: 244259), the European Research Commission Starting Grant Fellowship (awarded to P.B.P.; 336355 MicroDE), and the Scottish Government Rural and Environmental Sciences and Analytical Services (RESAS) (for P.L. and S.H.D.). S.L.L.R. generated constructs and performed recombinant protein production and purification and functional characterizations of the binding protein and GHs. L.J.L., S.L., and L.M. expressed, purified, and performed functional characterization of FpCE2 and FpCE17. Growth experiments on mannans and SCFA quantifications were performed by G.L. ITC was performed by Å.K.R., Z.L., and L.S.M. G.V.P. and S.L.L.R. conducted the human metagenomic analysis. S.L.L.R., P.B.P., and B.W. conceived the study and supervised research. The manuscript was written primarily by S.L.L.R. with contributions from P.B.P., S.H.D., G.L, L.M., S.L., G.V.P., E.C.M., L.S.M., B.W., and L.J.L. Figures were prepared by S.L.L.R. We declare that we have no competing interests. Funding Information: We are grateful for support from The Research Council of Norway (FRIPRO program to P.B.P.: 250479; BIONÆR program to B.W.: 244259), the European Research Commission Starting Grant Fellowship (awarded to P.B.P.; 336355 MicroDE), and the Scottish Government Rural and Environmental Sciences and Analytical Services (RESAS) (for P.L. and S.H.D.).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Microbiota-directed fibre activates both targeted and secondary metabolic shifts in the distal gut

Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiome has high-impact implications not only in humans, but also in livestock that sustain our current societal needs. In this context, we have tailored an acetylated galactoglucomannan (AcGGM) fibre to match unique enzymatic capabilities of Roseburia and Faecalibacterium species, both renowned butyrate-producing gut commensals. Here, we test the accuracy of AcGGM within the complex endogenous gut microbiome of pigs, wherein we resolve 355 metagenome-assembled genomes together with quantitative metaproteomes. In AcGGM-fed pigs, both target populations differentially express AcGGM-specific polysaccharide utilization loci, including novel, mannan-specific esterases that are critical to its deconstruction. However, AcGGM-inclusion also manifests a “butterfly effect”, whereby numerous metabolic changes and interdependent cross-feeding pathways occur in neighboring non-mannanolytic populations that produce short-chain fatty acids. Our findings show how intricate structural features and acetylation patterns of dietary fibre can be customized to specific bacterial populations, with potential to create greater modulatory effects at large

The human gut Firmicute Roseburia intestinalis is a primary degrader of dietary β-mannans

How dietary β-mannans are utilized by gut Gram-positive bacteria is unclear. Here, the authors uncover the enzymatic pathway for β-mannan metabolism in Roseburia intestinalis and show that these polysaccharides promote beneficial gut bacteria, highlighting a potential for β-mannan-based therapeutic interventions

Comparison of reorganized versus unaltered cardiology departments during the COVID-19 era: a subanalysis of the COV-HF-SIRIO 6 study

Background: Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, numerous cardiology departments were reorganized to provide care for COVID-19 patients. We aimed to compare the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admissions and in-hospital mortality in reorganized vs. unaltered cardiology departments. Methods: The present subanalysis is a multicenter retrospective COV-HF-SIRIO 6 study that includes all patients (n = 101,433) hospitalized in 24 cardiology departments in Poland between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020, with a focus on patients with acute heart failure (AHF). Results: Reduction of all-cause hospitalizations was 50.6% vs. 21.3% for reorganized vs. unaltered cardiology departments in 2020 vs. 2019, respectively (p < 0.0001). Considering AHF alone respective reductions by 46.5% and 15.2% were registered (p < 0.0001). A higher percentage of patients was brought in by ambulance to reorganized vs. unaltered cardiology departments (51.7% vs. 34.6%; p < 0.0001) alongside with a lower rate of self-referrals (45.7% vs. 58.4%; p < 0.0001). The rate of all-cause in-hospital mortality in AHF patients was higher in reorganized than unaltered cardiology departments (10.9% vs. 6.4%; p < 0.0001). After the exclusion of patients with concomitant COVID-19, the mortality rates did not differ significantly (6.9% vs. 6.4%; p = 0.55). Conclusions: In cardiology departments reorganized to provide care for COVID-19 patients vs. unaltered ones, observed: i) a greater reduction in hospital admissions in 2020 vs. 2019; ii) higher rates of patients brought by ambulance and lower rates of self-referrals; and iii) higher all-cause in-hospital mortality for AHF due to COVID-19 related deaths