TRACKING APPLICATION CRASHES

An application testing system can be utilized to track, store, and report application crashes. The application can be a web browser application. The system receives a list of uniform resource locators (URLs) for testing. The system performs a set of actions (a test) at a URL from the list of URLs. The system detects if a crash occurs at the URL. If the crash occurs at the URL, then the system stores the URL and information associated with the crash. The system then performs another set of actions at a next URL from the list of URLs. The system stops the tests if a threshold number of crashes have occurred or each URL in the list of URLs is tested. Finally, the system generates a report for each crash that occurred at a URL for all the tested URLs

Reversible plasticity in amorphous materials

A fundamental assumption in our understanding of material rheology is that when microscopic deformations are reversible, the material responds elastically to external loads. Plasticity, i.e. dissipative and irreversible macroscopic changes in a material, is assumed to be the consequence of irreversible microscopic events. Here we show direct evidence for reversible plastic events at the microscopic scale in both experiments and simulations of two-dimensional foam. In the simulations, we demonstrate a link between reversible plastic rearrangement events and pathways in the potential energy landscape of the system. These findings represent a fundamental change in our understanding of materials--microscopic reversibility does not necessarily imply elasticity.Comment: Revised pape

TRACKING APPLICATION CRASHES

An application testing system can be utilized to track, store, and report application crashes. The application can be a web browser application. The system receives a list of uniform resource locators (URLs) for testing. The system performs a set of actions (a test) at a URL from the list of URLs. The system detects if a crash occurs at the URL. If the crash occurs at the URL, then the system stores the URL and information associated with the crash. The system then performs another set of actions at a next URL from the list of URLs. The system stops the tests if a threshold number of crashes have occurred or each URL in the list of URLs is tested. Finally, the system generates a report for each crash that occurred at a URL for all the tested URLs

Planning in Small vs. Large Businesses: Do Managers Prefer Different Tools?

 Evidence that large and small businesses approach problems differently has raised ques- tions concerning the validity of applying large business prescriptions to small businesses. This issue was addressed bypresenting both large and small business planners with planning prob- lems differing in environmental volatility, system adaptation and nature of planning re- quirements. Different combinations of these factors were used togenerate twelve distinct plan- ning situations. Eight information processing aids were identified that have been described in the literature as planning tools. Each aid has been prescribed to be more appropriate for use in some planning situations than in others. The research tested hypotheses that planners in specific situations would use planning aids prescr ibed for those situations and that large and small business planners would approach the problems differently. Results are interpreted as indicating that use of planning aids does not correspond closely to the theoretical prescrip- tions but that other implicittheories may be operating and the implicit theories used in small businesses may be different than those used inlarge organizations

The Immune Response to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection in Susceptible Mice is a Major Cause of CNS Pathology Resulting in Fatal Encephalitis

This study was undertaken to investigate possible immune mechanisms in fatal HSV-1 encephalitis (HSE) after HSV-1 corneal inoculation. Susceptible 129S6 (129) but not resistant C57BL/6 (B6) mice developed intense focal inflammatory brainstem lesions of primarily F4/80+ macrophages and Gr-1+ neutrophils detectable by MRI as early as day 6 post infection (PI). Depletion of macrophages and neutrophils significantly enhanced survival of infected 129 mice. Immunodeficient B6 (IL-7R-/-Kitw41/w41) mice lacking adaptive cells (B6-E mice) transplanted with 129 bone marrow showed significantly accelerated fatal HSE compared to B6-E mice transplanted with B6 marrow or control non-transplanted B6-E mice. In contrast, there was no difference in ocular viral shedding in B6-E mice transplanted with 129 bone marrow or B6 bone marrow. Acyclovir treatment of 129 mice beginning day 4 PI (24 h after HSV-1 first reaches the brain stem) reduced nervous system viral titers to undetectable levels but did not alter brainstem inflammation or mortality. We conclude that fatal HSE in 129 mice results from widespread damage in the brainstem caused by destructive inflammatory responses initiated early in infection by massive infiltration of innate cells

Comparison of Low-Amplitude Oscillatory Shear in Experimental and Computational Studies of Model Foams

A fundamental difference between fluids and solids is their response to applied shear. Solids possess static shear moduli, while fluids do not. Complex fluids such as foams display an intermediate response to shear with nontrivial frequency-dependent shear moduli. In this paper, we conduct coordinated experiments and numerical simulations of model foams subjected to boundary-driven oscillatory planar shear. Our studies are performed on bubble rafts (experiments) and the bubble model (simulations) in two dimensions. We focus on the low amplitude flow regime in which T1 events, i.e., bubble rearrangement events where originally touching bubbles switch nearest neighbors, do not occur, yet the system transitions from solid- to liquidlike behavior as the driving frequency is increased. In both simulations and experiments, we observe two distinct flow regimes. At low frequencies ω, the velocity profile of the bubbles increases linearly with distance from the stationary wall, and there is a nonzero total phase shift between the moving boundary and interior bubbles. In this frequency regime, the total phase shift scales as a power law ∆~ωn with n ≈ 3. In contrast, for frequencies above a crossover frequency ω\u3eωp, the total phase shift ∆ scales linearly with the driving frequency. At even higher frequencies above a characteristic frequency ωnl\u3eωp, the velocity profile changes from linear to nonlinear. We fully characterize this transition from solid- to liquidlike flow behavior in both the simulations and experiments and find qualitative and quantitative agreements for the characteristic frequencies

Migration and risk of intellectual disability with and without autism:A population-based cohort study

Objective To investigate whether parental migration, parental region of origin, timing of child's birth in relation to maternal migration and parental reason for migration are associated with intellectual disability (ID) with and without autism. Methods We used a register-based cohort of all individuals aged 0–17 years in Stockholm County during 2001–2011. General estimating equation logistic model and additionally sibling comparison were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The models were adjusted for child's sex and birth year and parental age at child's birth, and additionally for migrant-specific variables in the analyses including only children with migrant parent(s). Results Within the eligible sample of 670,098 individuals, 3781 (0.6%) had ID with autism, and 5076 (0.8%) had ID without autism. Compared with children with Swedish-born parents, children with both parents born abroad had an increased risk of ID with autism (OR = 1.6, CI 1.5–1.8) and ID without autism (OR = 1.9, CI 1.7–2.0). Among these children with both parents born abroad, it was protective of ID with autism when the child's birth occurred before and later than four years after maternal migration, which was replicated in the sibling comparison. The associations with both conditions were more pronounced with parental origin in regions comprising low- and middle-income countries and with reasons other than work or study. Conclusions Parental migration is associated with ID regardless of co-occurrence of autism. Our results indicate an association between environmental factors during pregnancy related to migration and offspring ID with autism, although further confirmative studies are needed