Beschäftigungsstabilität: Entwicklung und Arbeitszufriedenheit : Ergebnisse aus der IAB-Beschäftigtenstichprobe 1975-1997 und der BIBB/IAB-Erhebung (Employment stability: development and job stisfaction * findings from the IAB employment sample 1975-1997 and the BIBB/IAB survey)

"For some years we have seen a discussion about the scope of a lifting of the standardisation of employment forms and employment stability. On the one hand, far-reaching breaches in structure, and, on the other hand, consistency and limits of destabilisation, particularly in the areas of skilled, innovative and responsible work, are established here. Continuing this discussion, this report first outlines the arguments of the debate, which has so far remained inconclusive. Then, secondly, the paper examines the development of employment forms using among other things the microcensus, as well as the development of employment duration on the basis of the BIBB/IAB survey and the IAB employment sample. Here, it is shown that the lifting of the standardisation of contracted forms of employment is progressing slowly. However, there is no empirical evidence of a far-reaching structural breach. Rather, since the 1970s, considerable proportions of short-term employment relationships have been observed, though with the share rising in the 1990s. Against the background of these findings, a third step is taken to examine, on the basis of the data of the BIBB/IAB surveys 1991/92 and 1998/99, what characteristics distinguish stable and unstable employment relationships. It becomes clear that contrary to the assumptions of the consistency and limit approach, the indications of company-functional limits of a steady lifting of standardisation are confined to a relatively small circle of people in stable employment in superior positions. The performance of skilled, innovative or generally responsible jobs is a feature of both short-term and long-term employment relationships. In a fourth step, these analyses are supplemented by research on the job satisfaction of some stability groups. Here, it is especially the people in jobs suited to their training and without a subjective risk of being dismissed that show higher values of job satisfaction." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))Beschäftigungsdauer, Beschäftigungsform - Strukturwandel, Arbeitszufriedenheit, Arbeitsplatzsicherheit, befristeter Arbeitsvertrag, IAB-Beschäftigtenstichprobe, BIBB/IAB-Erhebung, Westdeutschland, Ostdeutschland, Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Zur Leistungsfähigkeit von Modellversuchen im kaufmännischen Schulwesen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland - eine metaevaluative Studie als Beitrag zur Modellversuchsarbeit

Mein Vorhaben stützt sich auf die Arbeitsthese, dass Modellversuche die Ansprüche im Hinblick auf Innovationskraft und Veränderungspotential für das Praxisfeld, wie sie schon zu Beginn der 70er-Jahre formuliert wurden, nicht erfüllen können. Dabei soll nicht bestritten werden, dass Modellversuche gewisse Leistungen erbringen, aber ob sie 'wichtige Entscheidungshilfen' für die Entwicklung des Bildungswesens geben, sei dahingestellt. Dieser These soll nachgegangen werden, indem ausgewählte Modellversuche einerseits unter deskriptiv-analytischen Aspekten betrachtet und andererseits einer metaevaluativen Untersuchung unterzogen werden. Der erste Teil der Arbeit beschäftigt sich daher auch zunächst mit vorliegenden 'harten' Daten (deskriptiver Teil - A): der finanziellen Förderungsentwicklung sowie einem bildungspolitischen Rückblick. Darüber hinaus beinhaltet der zweite Teil (Teil B) die Entwicklung und (metaevaluative) Anwendung eines Evaluationsrasters auf Basis anerkannter und hinreichend elaborierter Evaluationsstandards. Bisher ist die Auseinandersetzung mit den Leistungen des Instruments Modellversuch gering, d. h. bisher wurden keine Anstrengungen unternommen (siehe auch Kap. 2), operationale Messkriterien zu entwickeln oder einen einheitlichen 'Leistungsstandard' zu definieren. Es wurde unterlassen, Modellversuchsergebnisse fassbar zu machen, was die Gewinnung von Erkenntnissen über die 'Leistungsfähigkeit' der Erprobungsvorhaben blockiert

Collage Vol. I

JUDY COCHRAN: Editorial MICHAEL TANGEMAN: Haikus 2-5 ELISE ALBRECHT, CURTIS PLOWGIAN: French Calligrams 6 JASON VARDEN: Waiting 7 ALEXANDER GREEN: Photo 8 EDUARDO JARAMILLO: Formas violentas 9-11 GABRIELE DILLMANN: Photo 12 MICHAEL GOLDSBERG: Funf fur Ashley 13 MEGAN CARLSON: Fur Jared (German) 14 MAGGIE GLOVER: For Jared 14-15 CHRIS FAUR: Painting 16 LINDSEY ESHELMAN: Stuhl (The Chair) 17 HALLE THOMPSON, GWENN DOBOS: Les Bouches 18 JILL BOO: Lacheln (A Smile) 19 ALEXANDER GREEN: Photo 20 JULIA GRAWEMEYER: Villanelle 21, Expressions francaises (French Figures) 22-23, Pour me rappeler (So that I\u27d remember) 24 MICHEL CLIQUET: Photo 25 CHARLES O\u27KEEFE: Photos 26-28 LINE LERYCKE: Photos 29-32 MICHEL CLIQUET: Pierre docile (Docile Stone) 29-32 LOGAN FAVIA: Ataraxia 33 AVRITA SINGH: Absence 34 RACHEL GROTHEER: Compassion 35, Ligne (Line) 36, Nuit, douce nuit (Night, gentle night) 37, Rouge (Red) 38, Bonjour Bleu (Hello Blue) 39, Ligne courbe (Curved Line) 40 AMELIA DUNLAP: Compassion 41-42 KYLE SIMPSON: Separation 43 ALEXANDER GREEN: Photo 44 GWENN DOBOS: Ataraxia 45 SARAH SLOTKIN: Separation 46 CURTIS PLOWGIAN: Absence 47 ELISA VER MERRIS: Photo 48, Attachement (Attachment) 49 JENNIFER JOHNSON: Attachement (Attachment)50 ANNA KELLY: Compassion 51 RICHARD BANAHAN: Photo 52, Mon grand-pere et moit (My grandfather and me) 53 MEREDITH KATZ: Separation 54 BRENDA HEATER: Compassion 55 ZACHARY WALSH: Ataraxia 56 MICHEL CLIQUET: Photos 57-5

An analysis-ready and quality controlled resource for pediatric brain white-matter research

We created a set of resources to enable research based on openly-available diffusion MRI (dMRI) data from the Healthy Brain Network (HBN) study. First, we curated the HBN dMRI data (N = 2747) into the Brain Imaging Data Structure and preprocessed it according to best-practices, including denoising and correcting for motion effects, susceptibility-related distortions, and eddy currents. Preprocessed, analysis-ready data was made openly available. Data quality plays a key role in the analysis of dMRI. To optimize QC and scale it to this large dataset, we trained a neural network through the combination of a small data subset scored by experts and a larger set scored by community scientists. The network performs QC highly concordant with that of experts on a held out set (ROC-AUC = 0.947). A further analysis of the neural network demonstrates that it relies on image features with relevance to QC. Altogether, this work both delivers resources to advance transdiagnostic research in brain connectivity and pediatric mental health, and establishes a novel paradigm for automated QC of large datasets

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat