Long-range ballistic transport of Brown-Zak fermions in graphene superlattices

In quantizing magnetic fields, graphene superlattices exhibit a complex fractal spectrum often referred to as the Hofstadter butterfly. It can be viewed as a collection of Landau levels that arise from quantization of Brown-Zak minibands recurring at rational (p/q) fractions of the magnetic flux quantum per superlattice unit cell. Here we show that, in graphene-on-boron-nitride superlattices, Brown-Zak fermions can exhibit mobilities above 106 cm2 V−1 s−1 and the mean free path exceeding several micrometers. The exceptional quality of our devices allows us to show that Brown-Zak minibands are 4q times degenerate and all the degeneracies (spin, valley and mini-valley) can be lifted by exchange interactions below 1 K. We also found negative bend resistance at 1/q fractions for electrical probes placed as far as several micrometers apart. The latter observation highlights the fact that Brown-Zak fermions are Bloch quasiparticles propagating in high fields along straight trajectories, just like electrons in zero field

The neuropeptidome of the Crown-of-Thorns Starfish, Acanthaster planci

This study was supported by funds from the Australian federal government Department of the Environment Reef Rescue ‘Caring for Country’ program for funding the ‘The Crown-of-Thorns secretome: Towards a control technology’ project (M. R. H., S. C.). M.R.E. was supported by grants from the BBSRC (BB/M001644/1) and Leverhulme Trust (RPG-2013-351)

A subset of platinum-containing chemotherapeutic agents kills cells by inducing ribosome biogenesis stress

Cisplatin and its platinum analogs, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, are some of the most widely used cancer chemotherapeutics. Although cisplatin and carboplatin are used primarily in germ cell, breast and lung malignancies, oxaliplatin is instead used almost exclusively to treat colorectal and other gastrointestinal cancers. Here we utilize a unique, multi-platform genetic approach to study the mechanism of action of these clinically established platinum anti-cancer agents, as well as more recently developed cisplatin analogs. We show that oxaliplatin, unlike cisplatin and carboplatin, does not kill cells through the DNA-damage response. Rather, oxaliplatin kills cells by inducing ribosome biogenesis stress. This difference in drug mechanism explains the distinct clinical implementation of oxaliplatin relative to cisplatin, and it might enable mechanistically informed selection of distinct platinum drugs for distinct malignancies. These data highlight the functional diversity of core components of front-line cancer therapy and the potential benefits of applying a mechanism-based rationale to the use of our current arsenal of anti-cancer drugs

Randomizers and Derandomizers: Is the Process Reversible?

ITC/USA 2011 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Seventh Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2011 / Bally's Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NevadaMathematical descriptions of the IRIG 106 randomizer and derandomizer are developed and used to show the impact of shift register initial conditions on the input/output relations for a cascade of randomizer and derandomizer operations (the normal order) and a cascade of derandomizer and randomizer operations (the reverse order). The results show that for the normal order, mismatched randomizer and derandomizer shift register initial conditions impact at most the first 15 bits. But for the reverse order, mismatched randomizer and derandomizer initial conditions impact all of the bits. Consequently, the shift register initial conditions must be the same to recover data when the randomizer and derandomizer are operated in the reverse order. The mathematical representation is based on polynomials and the generating function concept and the results are confirmed using computer programs based on bit-level operations.International Foundation for TelemeteringProceedings from the International Telemetering Conference are made available by the International Foundation for Telemetering and the University of Arizona Libraries. Visit http://www.telemetry.org/index.php/contact-us if you have questions about items in this collection