Association between isoenzymatic phenotypes and resistance to the fungus Microcyclus ulei P. Henn. (v. Arx.) in rubber tree clones.

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Development And Characterization Of 15 Microsatellite Loci For Cariniana Estrellensis And Transferability To Cariniana Legalis, Two Endangered Tropical Tree Species

From a genomic library enriched for GA/CA repeats, 15 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for Cariniana estrellensis, a tropical forest tree. The microsatellite loci were screened in 49 mature trees found between Pardo river and Mogi-Guaçu river basins, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 140 alleles were detected with an average of 9.33 alleles per locus. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.37 to 0.88. These loci showed a high probability of paternity exclusion. Additionally, 12 loci were effectively transferred to Cariniana legalis. High levels of polymorphism make the present SSR markers useful for population genetic studies. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.10410011004Billotte, N., Lagoda, P.J.L., Risterucci, A.M., Baurens, F.C., Microsatellite-enriched libraries: Applied methodology for the development of SSR markers in tropical crops (1999) Fruits, 54, pp. 277-288Doyle, J.J., Doyle, J.L., Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue (1990) Focus, 12, pp. 13-15Ferreira-Ramos, R., Laborda, P.R., Santos, M.O., Mayor, M.S., Mestriner, M.A., Souza, A.P., Alzate-Marin, A.L., Genetic analysis of forest species Eugenia uniflora L. through of newly developed SSR markers (2007) Conserv Genet., , doi: 10.1007/s10592-007-9458-0Goudet, J., (2002) FSTAT Version 2.9.3.2, , http://www2.unil.ch/popgen/softwares/fstat.htm, Institute of Ecology, Lausanne, Switzerland Accessed 20 May 2008Kalinowski, S.T., Taper, M.L., Marshall, T.C., Revising how the computer program CERVUS accommodates genotyping error increases success in paternity assignment (2007) Mol Ecol, 16, pp. 1099-1106. , 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03089.xLeite, E.J., State-of-knowledge on Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze (Lecythidaceae) for genetic conservation in Brazil (2007) Res J Bot, 2, pp. 138-160Rozen, S., Skaletsky, H.J., Primer3 on the www for general users and for biologist programmers (2000) Bioinformatics Methods and Protocols: Methods in Molecular Biology, pp. 365-386. , http://www.frodo.wi.mit.edu/cgi-bin/primer3/primer3_www.cgi, Krawetz S, Misener S (eds) Humana Press, Totowa Accessed 05 June 200

Reconstructing History: The Amazonian Mura Indians

We studied demographic characteristics of two Mura Indian villages. Two-hundred six inhabitants of these villages and another population were tested in relation to 30 blood and 4 saliva genetic systems. These groups exhibit high mobility and exogamy rates and high fertility but relatively low mortality and variance in number of children per woman. Hb J Oxford and albumin Maku were observed, and they show high prevalences of GPT*1 and RH*R1 but low of HP*1 compared to other South American Indians. Four electrophoretic saliva systems are reported here for the first time in a predominantly Amerindian group. The amount of polymorphism was more limited than that found in Caucasian, black, and Oriental populations. The Mura are still predominantly Indian (82%) but have African (11%) and Caucasoid (7%) admixture. Using these values, the putative ancestral Mura gene frequencies were assessed. Problems related to quantitative estimations of admixture and the factors that influence the process are discussed

The brazilian xavante indians revisited : new protein genetic studies

A total of 94 individuals from the Xavante village of Rio das Mortes were variously studied in relation to 28 protein genetic systems. No variation was observed for 15 of them, in accordance with previous studies. Of the remaining 13, four (Rh, Duffy, acid phosphatase, and GC) showed significant departures from the averages obtained in 32 other South American Indian populations. If studies performed in the 1960s are considered, there is indication that no significant changes in this village's gene pool has occurred in the last 30 years. Comparison with two other Xavante populations included nine systems with variation, and for three of them (MNSs, Rh, and Duffy) significant differences were found. Genetically the Rio das Mortes are closer to the São Marcos than to the Simões Lopes Xavantes. A dendrogram considering 25 genetic systems and 33 South American Indian populations was constructed. There the Xavante were grouped together, in two neighboring clusters, with three other tribes who speak Ge languages. But these clusters also present populations who speak other languages, and the reproducibility of the tree is low. South American Indians, at least with this set of markers, do not seem to be clearly classified into defined subgroups.MA