Cogumelos e seus efeitos terapêuticos

Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências FarmacêuticasOs efeitos terapêuticos dos cogumelos são conhecidos há séculos principalmente na medicina oriental. A sua utilização maioritariamente empírica traz enormes benefícios para a saúde, no entanto nunca nos podemos esquecer da possível toxicidade de alguns cogumelos que pode mesmo levar à morte. Nos tempos mais recentes tem-se assistido a uma enorme vontade de melhor conhecer os efeitos farmacológicos destes fungos com base em análises científicas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um levantamento dos efeitos terapêuticos devidamente documentados dos cogumelos. Efeitos antioxidantes, imunomoduladores e anti-tumorais são comuns a todas as espécies estudadas. No entanto em espécies como a Ganoderma lucidum, já foram determinados mais efeitos terapêuticos, como hipoglicémica, hipolipidémica e antiviral, entre outros. Verificou-se pela análise de diversos artigos que os cogumelos apresentam enormes vantagens na terapêutica das mais diversas patologias, sendo ainda uma área com enorme potencial para estudo e aplicação prática na terapêutica diária, mesmo como adjuvante da terapia medicamentosa convencional.Mushroom therapeutic effects are known for centuries in oriental medicine. Mushrooms use is mostly empirical, and the benefits are well known, however we can never forget mushroom toxicity, that can even lead to death. There is a recent interest in scientific documentation of the pharmacological effects of these funguses. The aim of this study is to review the therapeutic effects of mushrooms that are well documented. Antioxidant, antitumor and immunomodulatory activities are documented in almost every species. Well studied species like Ganoderma Lucidum shows also hipoglicemic, hipolipidemic and antiviral activities, among others. This scientific papers review brings forward the enormous therapeutical benefits in different pathologies, showing that there is a lot of work to be done to the use of these funguses as a complement in conventional medicine

The role of invertebrates and aquatic fungi on the decomposition of eucalyptus leaves in streams

Resumo da comunicação apresentada no XII Congresso da Association Española de Limnología - IV Congresso Ibérico de Limnologia. CIMAR, Universidade do Porto, 5-9 Julho 2004.Leaves entering in streams are subject to physical abrasion, invertebrate fragmentation and microbial degradation. Fungi, particularly aquatic hyphomycetes, dominate microbial leaf decomposition and condition the leaves, increasing their palatability for invertebrate shredders. The aim of this work was to study the relative role of invertebrates and aquatic fungi on leaf decomposition of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. in two rivers of Northwest Portugal with different water chemistry. For that purpose, leaf decomposition was followed in coarse-mesh and fine-mesh bags. Physical, chemical and microbial analyses of the stream water, as well as, biotic indices and diversity measures applied to the invertebrates associated with leaves showed that the Guisande River had better water quality than the Este River. Decomposition rates of eucalyptus leaves were significantly higher in the Guisande River (k = 0.019 to 0.029 dˉ¹) than in the Este River (k = 0.009 to 0.011 dˉ¹). Significantly higher fungal biomass (up to 790 μg ergosterol gˉ¹ AFDM) and sporulation rates (up to 370 conidia mgˉ¹ AFDM dˉ¹) occurred in the Guisande River in comparison with the Este River (fungal biomass up to 280 μg ergosterol gˉ¹ AFDM; sporulation rates up to 90 conidia mgˉ¹ AFDM dˉ¹). Correspondence analyses applied to aquatic hyphomycete and invertebrate assemblages discriminated the two rivers and higher richness in taxa was found in the Guisande River. In this river, leaf decomposition rate was significantly higher in coarse-mesh than in fine-mesh bags. However, in the Este River no significant differences were found between coarse-mesh and fine-mesh bags, which can be attributed to the absence of shredders and low current velocity in this river

Therapeutic Listening as a health intervention strategy: an integrative review

Objetivo Investigar y evaluar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura respecto del empleo de la Escucha Terapéutica como estrategia de intervención en salud. Método Revisión integradora, llevada a cabo en las bases de datos PubMed, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, LILACS y APA PsycNET, sin restricciones de año o tipo de estudio. Los descriptores fueron combinados de distintas maneras para asegurar la búsqueda amplia de estudios primarios. Resultados Entre las 15 publicaciones sobre Escucha Terapéutica, el 33% abordó el efecto de los entrenamientos relacionados con las habilidades de escucha, el 27% estudió la efectividad de la escucha como intervención, el 20% exploró las experiencias de los sujetos en cuanto a las vivencias relacionadas con la escucha y el 20% abordó los aspectos diversos de la escucha. Conclusión La mayor parte de los estudios tiene nivel de evidencia de fuerte a moderado y, a pesar de abordar los distintos aspectos relacionados con la Escucha Terapéutica, presentan en común el reconocimiento de la necesidad de habilidades, por parte del profesional de salud, para el desarrollo de un proceso de escucha eficaz.Objetivo Investigar e avaliar as evidências disponíveis na literatura a respeito do uso da Escuta Terapêutica como estratégia de intervenção em saúde. Método Revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, LILACS e APA PsycNET, sem restrições de ano ou tipo de estudo. Os descritores foram combinados de diferentes formas para garantir a busca ampla de estudos primários. Resultados Dentre as 15 publicações sobre Escuta Terapêutica, 33% abordaram o efeito de treinamentos sobre as habilidades de escuta, 27% estudaram a eficácia da escuta como intervenção, 20% exploraram as experiências dos sujeitos quanto às vivências relacionadas à escuta e 20% abordaram aspectos diversos da escuta. Conclusão A maior parte dos estudos tem nível de evidência de forte a moderado e, apesar de abordarem diferentes aspectos relacionados à Escuta Terapêutica, apresentam em comum o reconhecimento da necessidade de habilidades, por parte do profissional de saúde, para o desenvolvimento de um processo de escuta eficaz.



Objective To investigate and evaluate the available evidence in the literature regarding the use of Therapeutic Listening as a health intervention strategy. Method Integrative review conducted on the following databases PubMed, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, LILACS and APA PsycNET without restrictions of year or type of study. The keywords were combined in different ways to ensure extensive search of primary studies. Results Among the 15 studies on Therapeutic Listening, 33% addressed the effect of training on listening skills, 27% focused on the efficacy of listening as an intervention, 20% explored the experiences lived by the subjects regarding listening and 20% discussed various aspects of listening. Conclusion Most studies have strong to moderate level of evidence, although addressing different aspects related to Therapeutic Listening, they have in common the need for recognition of skills on the part of health professionals, to develop an effective process of listening.

Cogumelos e seus efeitos terapêuticos

Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências FarmacêuticasOs efeitos terapêuticos dos cogumelos são conhecidos há séculos principalmente na medicina oriental. A sua utilização maioritariamente empírica traz enormes benefícios para a saúde, no entanto nunca nos podemos esquecer da possível toxicidade de alguns cogumelos que pode mesmo levar à morte. Nos tempos mais recentes tem-se assistido a uma enorme vontade de melhor conhecer os efeitos farmacológicos destes fungos com base em análises científicas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um levantamento dos efeitos terapêuticos devidamente documentados dos cogumelos. Efeitos antioxidantes, imunomoduladores e anti-tumorais são comuns a todas as espécies estudadas. No entanto em espécies como a Ganoderma lucidum, já foram determinados mais efeitos terapêuticos, como hipoglicémica, hipolipidémica e antiviral, entre outros. Verificou-se pela análise de diversos artigos que os cogumelos apresentam enormes vantagens na terapêutica das mais diversas patologias, sendo ainda uma área com enorme potencial para estudo e aplicação prática na terapêutica diária, mesmo como adjuvante da terapia medicamentosa convencional.Mushroom therapeutic effects are known for centuries in oriental medicine. Mushrooms use is mostly empirical, and the benefits are well known, however we can never forget mushroom toxicity, that can even lead to death. There is a recent interest in scientific documentation of the pharmacological effects of these funguses. The aim of this study is to review the therapeutic effects of mushrooms that are well documented. Antioxidant, antitumor and immunomodulatory activities are documented in almost every species. Well studied species like Ganoderma Lucidum shows also hipoglicemic, hipolipidemic and antiviral activities, among others. This scientific papers review brings forward the enormous therapeutical benefits in different pathologies, showing that there is a lot of work to be done to the use of these funguses as a complement in conventional medicine

Community therapy application in intervention with adolescents: new strategies for prevention and promotion

Given adolescents vulnerability facing transformations and resistances, the group work used by Occupational Therapy through techniques and dynamics favors expression, anxiety control and biopsychosocial maturity in intervention. Currently, one strategy used with teenagers is Community Therapy (CT), because it provides a welcoming environment where all are equal and can share their sufferings, anxieties and affinities. Thus, this study examined the effectiveness of group activities used in occupational therapy as warm up strategies in Community Therapy circles. Eleven teenagers aged 12 to 14 years old participated in the research. The study was carried out in a social institution that aims to support children and youth in the municipality of Uberaba, Minas Gerais state. Video and photo images and handwritten records were used as data collection instruments during the application of the 12 strategies, divided into three categories: competition, cooperation, and self-knowledge/self-esteem, applied for warming up the CT circles. Data were analyzed and presented through the use of a chart for better visualization and understanding of the adolescents’ behavior during the warm up CT circles. The results obtained showed dispute, unrest, lack of attention and sociability; behaviors that are inherent to adolescence due to the several changes, emotional alterations and search for identity that these subjects experience. Based on the survey results, it was possible observe that the behaviors have triggered direct-indirect relationship with the strategies used as facilitators in the discussion development regarding the issues addressed in the CT circles

Etnobotánica de plantas medicinales en la comunidad de Caruarú, Isla del Mosqueiro, Belém-PA, Brasil

La investigación tuvo como objetivo estudiar etno-botánicamente las plantas medicinales de la comunidad de Caruarú, Isla de Mosqueiro-PA, y buscar sus aplicaciones fitoquímicas y farmacológicas. Fueron usadas entrevistas del tipo semi-estructurada, índices de diversidad Shannon-Wiener y Equidad; y técnicas de Valor de Consenso de Uso, Importancia Relativa y Factor de Consenso del Informante. Fabaceae fue la familia más representativa. La Diversidad y Equidad fueron de 1.61 y 0.95, respectivamente. El mayor consenso de uso fue para Anacardium occidentale, Cinnamomum verum, Eleutherine bulbousa y Caamembeca spectabilis. Recibieron mayor importancia relativa A. occidentale L. y C. spectabilis. El mayor factor de consenso del informante fue para el sistema genitourinario. La hoja y el té fueron los más usados. Los preparados de las plantas y sus aplicaciones configuran importantes datos para análisis futuras

Part I: A systematic review of sampling and motor tasks

The purpose of this study was to review the methods used to analyze the kinematics of upper limbs (ULs) of healthy and poststroke adults, namely specificities of sampling and motor tasks. A database of articles published in the last decade was compiled using the following search terms combinations: (“upper extremity” OR “upper limb” OR arm) AND (kinematics OR motion OR movement) AND (analysis OR assessment OR measurement). The articles included in this review (1) had the purpose to analyze objectively a three-dimension kinematics of ULs, (2) studied functional movements or activities of daily living (ADL) involving uppers limbs, and (3) studied healthy and/or poststroke adults. Fourteen articles were included (four studied a healthy sample, three analyzed poststroke patients, and seven examined both poststroke and healthy participants). Most of the recommended demographic and stroke information, such as some pre existing conditions to stroke, initial stroke severity, and stroke location, were not collected by all or most of the articles. Time poststroke onset was presented in all articles but showed great variability. Few articles identified anthropometric characteristics and adjusted task environment to them. Most of the samples were composed mainly by males and had a low mean age, which does not represent poststroke population. Most articles analyzed “functional movements”, namely simulations of ADL. Future research should identify the recommended information to allow an adequate stratification. Acute phase after stroke, real ADL with different complexities, and ipsilesional UL should be studied.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

As ligas acadêmicas das ciências da saúde na Universidade Federal de Goiás

As ligas acadêmicas das ciências da saúde na Universidade Federal de Goiás. &nbsp

As redes sociais nos processos de trabalho em enfermagem: revisão integrativa da literatura

OBJECTIVE To identify and analyze the available evidence in the literature on the use of social networks in nursing work processes. METHOD An integrative review of the literature conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE and LILACS databases in January 2016, using the descriptors social media, social networking, nursing, enfermagem, redes sociais, mídias sociais, and the keyword nursing practice, without year restriction. RESULTS The sample consisted of 27 international articles which were published between 2011 and 2016. The social networks used were Facebook (66.5%), Twitter (30%) and WhatsApp (3.5%). In 70.5% of the studies, social networks were used for research purposes, in 18.5% they were used as a tool aimed to assist students in academic activities, and in 11% for executing interventions via the internet. CONCLUSION Nurses have used social networks in their work processes such as Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp to research, teach and watch. The articles show several benefits in using such tools in the nursing profession; however, ethical considerations regarding the use of social networks deserve further discussion.OBJETIVO Identificar e analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre a utilização de redes sociais nos processos de trabalho em enfermagem. MÉTODO Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada em janeiro de 2016, nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE e LILACS, com os descritores social media, social networking, nursing, enfermagem, redes sociais, mídias sociais e a palavra-chave nursing practice, sem restrição de ano. RESULTADOS A amostra foi composta por 27 artigos, os quais foram publicados entre 2011 e 2016, todos internacionais. As redes sociais utilizadas foram o Facebook (66,5%), o Twitter (30%) e o WhatsApp (3,5%). Em 70,5% dos estudos as redes sociais foram utilizadas para fins de pesquisa, em 18,5% como ferramenta para auxiliar estudantes nas atividades acadêmicas, e em 11% para a realização de intervenções via internet. CONCLUSÃO Em seus processos de trabalho, os enfermeiros têm utilizado as redes sociais Facebook, Twitter e WhatsApp para pesquisar, ensinar e assistir. Os artigos evidenciam diversos benefícios sobre o uso de tais ferramentas na profissão de enfermagem, entretanto, as considerações éticas a respeito da utilização das redes sociais merecem maior discussão.Objetivo Identificar y analizar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura acerca del empleo de las redes sociales en los procesos laborales de enfermería. Método Revisión integrativa de la literatura llevada a cabo en enero de 2016, en las bases de datos PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE y LILACS, con los descriptores social media, social networking, nursing, enfermagem, redes sociais, mídias sociais y la palabra-clave nursing practice, sin restricción de año. Resultados La muestra estuvo compuesta de 27 artículos, los que fueron publicados entre 2011 y 2016, todos internacionales. Las redes sociales utilizadas fueron el Facebook (66,5%), el Twitter (30%) y el WhatsApp (3,5%). En el 70,5% de los estudios, las redes sociales fueron utilizadas a efectos de investigación, en el 18,5% como herramienta para auxiliar a estudiantes en las actividades académicas, y en el 11% para la realización de intervenciones por vía Internet. Conclusión En sus procesos laborales, los enfermeros están utilizando las redes sociales Facebook, Twitter y WhatsApp para investigar, enseñar y asistir. Los artículos evidencian distintos beneficios acerca del uso de dichas herramientas en la profesión de enfermería. Sin embargo, las consideraciones éticas con respecto a la utilización de redes sociales merecen mayor discusión

Epidemiology and Emergence of Schmallenberg Virus Part 2: Pathogenesis and Risk of Viral Spread

Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is a novel Orthobunyavirus causing mild clinical signs in cows and malformations in aborted and neonatal ruminants in Europe. SBV belongs to the family Bunyaviridae and is transmitted by biting midges. This new virus was identified for the first time in blood samples of cows in the city of Schmallenberg in North-Rhine Westphalia in November 2011. Since then, the virus spread to several European countries. Here, we describe the pathogenesis and the risk of viral spread in the Portuguese territory