Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumors: Predictive Factors of Recurrence by Ki-67 and AgNOR Labelling

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible role of Ki-67 and argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions (AgNOR) between the recurrent and nonrecurrent keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs). Another aim was to compare the correlation between these two markers

A LARGE MASS IN THE MANDIBLE IN AN EIGHT YEAR OLD CHILD

Facial swellings in children may commonly arise from infection, jaw cysts or benign-malign tumors. Differential diagnosis should be handled considering onset of the symptoms, growth rate and child’s age. Fibro-osseous lesions are a group of lesions characterized by fibrosis and contain varying amounts of calcified tissue resembling bone, cement or both. Such lesions may cause enlargement and swelling in the jaws. Juvenile ossifying fibroma (JOF) is one of the fibro-osseous lesions usually seen in children and adolescents. It has an aggressive character with a high recurrence rate. Mandible is more affected than maxilla and psammomatoid type is more common than trabecular type histologically. Bone resection is generally preferred for the treatment due to nature of the tumor. Here we report a rare case of trabecular type JOF located in the mandible of an 8-year-old child treated by conservative surgery

Could Local Application of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-alpha Enhancer Deferoxamine Be Promising for Preventing of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw?

This experimental study investigates the prophylactic effect of deferoxamine (DFO) on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Thirty-six female Sprague Dawley rats received zoledronic acid (ZA) for eight weeks to create an osteonecrosis model. DFO was locally applied into the extraction sockets with gelatin sponge (GS) carriers to prevent MRONJ. The specimens were histopathologically and histomorphometrically evaluated. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1 alpha) protein levels in the extraction sockets were quantified. New bone formation rate differed significantly between groups (p = 0.005). Newly formed bone ratios in the extraction sockets did not differ significantly between the control group and the GS (p = 1), GS/DFO (p = 0.749), ZA (p = 0.105), ZA-GS (p = 0.474), and ZA-GS/DFO (p = 1) groups. While newly formed bone rates were higher in the ZA-GS and ZA-GS/DFO groups than in the ZA group, the differences were not significant. HIF-1 alpha levels differed significantly between groups (p < 0.001) and were significantly higher in the DFO and ZA-GS/DFO groups than in the control group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). While HIF-1 alpha levels were higher in the ZA-GS/DFO group than in the ZA group, the difference was not significant. While HIF-1 alpha protein levels and new bone formation rate were elevated in the DFO-treated group, the effect was not significant. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand DFO's preventative effects on MRONJ and the role of HIF-1 alpha in MRONJ pathogenesis

Effects of folk medicinal plant extract Ankaferd Blood Stopper® on early bone healing

OBJECTIVE: Several haemostatic agents are available for clinical use. Ankaferd Blood Stopper® (ABS), a mixture of five medicinal plant extracts, has been used historically as a haemostatic agent. The aim of this in vivo study was to investigate the effects of ABS on early bone healing using a rat tibia defect model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixteen male Wistar rats were randomized into two groups of 8 animals each. After deep anesthesia with ketamine, bone defects (3 mm diameter and 2 mm deep) were created in the right and left tibiae of all animals and either treated with 1 cc of ABS (Group 1) or left untreated (Group 2; control). Surgical areas were closed primarily. The animals were sacrificed on the 7th postoperative day and bone samples were collected from the tibias. The samples were examined histopathologically for infection, necrosis, fibrosis, new bone formation and foreign body reaction. The histomorphometric results were analyzed statistically by the chi square test, with the level of significance set at

Use of Cone-Beam Computerized Tomography for Evaluation of Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaws in an Experimental Rat Model

Background: Bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONJ) is a frequently reported complication. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and histopathological presentation of BONJ with the Hounsfield score and to evaluate the reliability of the score for determining necrosis in an animal model

Extraction socket healing in rats treated with bisphosphonate : animal model for bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of jaws in multiple myeloma patients

Aim: The aim of this study is to replicate both clinical and histological presentation of bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of the jaws (BONJ) in an animal model of the disease state. Successful recapitulation of a BONJlike indication in an animal model will be useful for studying pathogenesis, as well as prevention and treatment strategies for BONJ. Materials and Methods: Eighty (80) rats were prospectively and randomly divided into two groups; control group(40) and study group(40). All animals in study group, injected with a dose of 1 mg/kg dexamethasone (DX) subcutaneously on day 7, 14, or 21; and 1, 2, or 3 doses of 7.5 ?g/kg zoledronic acid (ZA) subcutaneously administered to coincide with the last day of DX. Half of the animals from each group underwent extraction of the left mandibular molars and the remaining animals underwent extraction of the left maxillary molars under pentobarbital-induced general anesthesia. All animals were euthanized twenty-eight (28) days following tooth extractions. Results: The amount of new bone trabecules as significantly decreased in bisphosphonate-dexamethasone (BPDX) treated sockets. Difference between both groups was found statistically significant (p=0,0001). There's no foreign body reaction in sockets of both groups and no significance difference observed for fibrosis (p=0,306). The necrosis scores were significantly higher in BP-DX treated sockets (p=0,015). The inflamation scores were significantly higher for study group (p=0,0001). Conclusion: This study provides preliminary observations for the development of an animal model of BONJ. But we think that there is need for other studies have only BP treated group and larger study population. © Medicina Oral S. L

Conceptual changes in ameloblastoma : Suggested re-classification of a "veteran" tumor

Objectives: The merging of ameloblastoma (AM) with mural unicystic ameloblastoma (UAM-M) was suggested by the 2017 WHO based on similar treatment needs. In an international multicenter study, we investigated the characteristics of their merged product (merged-AM) and raised the possibility of unifying AM and UAM (total-AM). Materials and methods: AM and UAM (luminal/intraluminal/mural), separate and combined, were analyzed for demographic/clinical/radiological features. ANOVA and chi-square tests were followed by univariate and multivariate analyses, and significance was set at p .05). Conclusions: Merged-AM partially differed from AM, but differences appeared to diminish in an age/time-wise manner. Merged-AM and total-AM were nearly indistinguishable. Therefore, AM and UAM may be considered a continuous spectrum of one type of tumor, further necessitating revision of the treatment approaches.Peer reviewe

Does partial expander deflation exacerbate the adverse effects of radiotherapy in two-stage breast reconstruction?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The optimum protocol for expander volume adjustment with respect to the timing and application of radiotherapy remains controversial.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups. Metallic port integrated anatomic breast expanders of 250 cc were implanted on the back of each animal and controlled expansion was performed. Group I underwent radiotherapy with full expanders while in Group II, expanders were partially deflated immediately prior to radiotherapy. Control group did not receive radiotherapy.</p> <p>The changes in blood flow at different volume adjustments were investigated in Group II by laser Doppler flowmetry. Variations in the histopathologic properties of the irradiated tissues including the skin, capsule and the pocket floor, were compared in the biopsy specimens taken from different locations in each group.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A significant increase in skin blood flow was detected in Group II with partial expander deflation. Overall, histopathologic exam revealed aggravated findings of chronic radiodermatitis (epidermal atrophy, dermal inflammation and fibrosis, neovascularisation and vascular changes as well as increased capsule thickness) especially around the lower expander pole, in Group II.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Expander deflation immediately prior to radiotherapy, may augment the adverse effects, especially in the lower expander pole, possibly via enhanced radiosensitization due to a relative increase in the blood flow and tissue oxygenation.</p