5,879 research outputs found
Pitot-Pressure Measurements in Flow Fields Behind a Rectangular Nozzle with Exhaust Jet for Free-Stream Mach Numbers of 0.00, 0.60, and 1.20
An investigation has been conducted in the Langley 16-Foot Transonic Tunnel to measure the flow field in and around the jet exhaust from a nonaxisymmetric nozzle configuration. The nozzle had a rectangular exit with a width-to-height ratio of 2.38. Pitot-pressure measurements were made at five longitudinal locations downstream of the nozzle exit. The maximum distance downstream of the exit was about 5 nozzle heights. These measurements were made at free-stream Mach numbers of 0.00, 0.60, and 1.20 with the nozzle operating at a ratio of nozzle total pressure to free-stream static pressure of 4.0. The jet exhaust was simulated with high-pressure air that had an exit total temperature essentially equal to the free-stream total temperature
Effects of an in-flight thrust reverser on the stability and control characteristics of a single-engine fighter airplane model
The changes in thrust minus drag performance as well as longitudinal and directional stability and control characteristics of a single-engine jet aircraft attributable to an in-flight thrust reverser of the blocker-deflector door type were investigated in a 16-foot transonic wind tunnel. The longitudinal and directional stability data are presented. Test conditions simulated landing approach conditions as well as high speed maneuvering such as may be required for combat or steep descent from high altitude
Exercise rehabilitation for recovery from critical illness (Protocol)
Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK.
As part of an ongoing research education programme.This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows:
The objective of this systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of exercise rehabilitation programmes, initiated after ICU discharge, on improving functional exercise capacity and quality of life in adult ICU survivors who have been mechanically ventilated for more than 24 hours.
We will compare an exercise intervention to any other intervention or a control or 'usual care' programme. Exercise includes any structured or taught programmes. Respiratory or inspiratory muscle training is excluded due to it being initiated within the ICU environment, for example with weaning from a ventilator, and not as post-discharge rehabilitation as required for this review.sch_phyAngus 1997
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Angus 2003
Angus DC, Carlet J, Brussels Roundtable 2002 Participants.
Surviving intensive care: a report from the 2002 Brussels
Roundtable. Intensive Care Medicine 2003;29(3):368-77.
[PUBMED: 12536269 ]
Baumgartner 1999
Baumgartner WA,Walinsky PL, Salazar JD, Tseng EE, Brock MV,
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10391329]
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Burtin C, Clerckx B, Robbeets C, Ferdinande P, Langer D,
Troosters T, et al.Early exercise in critically ill patients enhances
short-term functional recovery. Critical Care Medicine 2009;37(9):
2499-505. [PUBMED: 19623052]
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Chaboyer W, Grace J. Following the path of ICU survivors: a
quality improvement activity. Nursing in Critical Care 2003;8(4):
149-55. [PUBMED: 12940690]
Eddleston 2000
Eddleston J, White P, Guthrie E. Survival, morbidity, and quality of
life after discharge from intensive care. Critical Care Medicine 2000;
28(7):2293-9. [PUBMED: 10921555]
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Elliott D, McKinley S, Alison J, Aitken L, King M. Study protocol:
Home-based rehabilitation for survivors of a critical illness. Critical
Care 2006;10(3):R90. [PUBMED: 16792792 ]
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Fiatarone MA, O'Neill EF, Ryan ND, Clements KM, Solares GR,
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Fletcher S, Kennedy D, Ghosh I, Misra V, Kiff K, et al.Persistant
neuromuscular and neurophysiological abnormalities in long-term
survivors of prolonged critical illness. Critical Care Medicine 2003;
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Frank 2000
Frank M, Schlapfer H, Otte B, Yasikoff N, Conzelmann M. Results
of neurorehabilitation. An outcome study 20 months after stroke.
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Gill TM, Baker DI, Gottschalk M, Peduzzi PN, Allore H, Byers A.
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Grimby G. Physical activity and muscle training in the elderly. Acta
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18456631]
Higgins 2008
Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic
Reviews of Interventions Version 5.0.1 [updated September 2008].
Available from www.cochrane-handbook.org: The Cochrane
Collaboration, 2008.
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Iversen MD, Fossel AH, Katz JN. Enhancing function in older
adults with chronic low back pain: a pilot study of endurance
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Jolliffe J, Rees K, Taylor RRS, Thompson DR, Oldridge N,
Ebrahim S. Exercise-based rehabilitation for coronary heart disease.
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Kouidi E. Exercise training in dialysis patients: why, when, and
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Krishnan KR, Delong M, Kraemer H, Carney R, Spiegel D,
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Lavie CJ, Thomas RJ, Squires RW, Allison TG, Milani RV. Exercise
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Mazzeo RS, Tanaka H. Exercise prescription for the elderly: current
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RevMan 5.0
The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration.
Review Manager (RevMan). 5.0. Copenhagen: The Nordic
Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2008.
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Schweickert WD, Pohlman MC, Pohlman AS, Nigos C, Pawlik AJ,
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mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients: a randomised
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19446324]
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Smith TP, Kennedy SL, Smith M, Orent S, Fleshner M.
Physiological improvements and health benefits during an exercisebased
comprehensive rehabilitation program in medically complex
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17201074]
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Storch EK, Kruszynski DM. From rehabilitation to optimal
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Wiles L, Stiller K. Passive limb movements for patients in an
intensive care unit: A survey of physiotherapy practice in Australia.
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19819105]
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Yoshida T, Kohzuki M, Yoshida K, Hiwatari M, Kamimoto M,
Yamamoto C, et al.Physical and psychological improvements after
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infarction. Nursing & Health Sciences 1999;1(3):163-70.
[PUBMED: 10894639]
Indicates the major publication for the study8pub1756pubArt.
Computations for the 16-foot transonic tunnel, NASA, Langley Research Center, revision 1
The equations used by the 16 foot transonic tunnel in the data reduction programs are presented in eight modules. Each module consists of equations necessary to achieve a specific purpose. These modules are categorized in the following groups: tunnel parameters; jet exhaust measurements; skin friction drag; balance loads and model attitudes calculations; internal drag (or exit-flow distributions); pressure coefficients and integrated forces; thrust removal options; and turboprop options. This document is a companion document to NASA TM-83186, A User's Guide to the Langley 16 Foot Transonic Tunnel, August 1981
PERFORMANCE OF A PLUG NOZZLE HAVING A CONCAVE CENTRAL BASE WITH AND WITHOUT TERMINAL FAIRINGS AT TRANSONIC SPEEDS
Plug nozzle propulsion efficienc
The experiences of myocardial infarction patients readmitted within six months of primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Aims and objectives
To explore the experiences of patients readmitted due to potential ischaemic heart disease symptoms within six months of primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
Background
Following myocardial infarction and primary percutaneous coronary intervention, some patients experience potential ischaemic heart disease symptoms that may lead to readmission. Symptoms may be related to cardiac ischaemia, reduced psychological health or a comorbid condition.
Design
A qualitative study involving semistructured, in‐depth interviews conducted once, mean 196 (50–384) days following readmission (at least six months following original ST‐elevation myocardial infarction and primary percutaneous coronary intervention). This is the qualitative part of a mixed methods study.
Methods
Participants were purposefully selected, and concurrent sampling, data collection and data analysis were performed. Data were organised using framework analysis; constant comparative analysis involving deduction and induction led to identification of cogent themes and subthemes.
Results
Twenty‐five participants (14 men, 27–79 years) experienced 1–4 readmissions; discharge diagnoses were cardiac, psychological, indeterminate, pulmonary and gastric. Three main themes emerged: (1) anxiety, uncertainty and inability to determine cause of symptoms, (2) fear of experiencing further myocardial infarction and (3) insufficient opportunity to validate self‐construction of illness.
Conclusion
Fear of dying or experiencing a further myocardial infarction led to patients seeking help at the time of potential ischaemic heart disease symptoms. Participants were anxious and lacked understanding regarding symptom attribution at the time of readmission and generally following their heart attack. Additionally, original heart attack symptoms were used as a comparator for future symptoms. Participants reported feeling well immediately after primary percutaneous coronary intervention but later experiencing fatigue and debilitation often linked to potential ischaemic heart disease symptoms.
Relevance to clinical practice
Increased education and information related to symptom attribution post‐primary percutaneous coronary intervention and postreadmission are worthy of exploration and may lead to increased understanding and reassurance for this patient group
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Dialogic practices in primary school classrooms
Research into classroom dialogue suggests that certain forms are especially productive for students’ learning (Howe and Abedin, 2013). Despite the large number of studies in this area, there is inadequate evidence about the prevalence of the identified forms, let alone their productivity. However, scarcity is widely presumed. The overall aim of the study reported in this paper was to examine the extent to which the forms are embedded within current practice in UK primary schools. Video-recordings of two lessons from each of 36 classrooms formed the database, with two subjects from mathematics, English and science covered in each classroom. Each lesson was coded per turn for the presence of ‘dialogic moves’ and rated overall for the level of student involvement in specified activities. Results revealed that the supposedly productive forms were not always as scarce as sometimes presumed, while also highlighting huge variation in their relative occurrence. They also point to the role of professional development for teachers in promoting use of some forms
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Teacher–Student Dialogue During Classroom Teaching: Does It Really Impact on Student Outcomes?
It is now widely believed that classroom dialogue matters as regards student outcome, with optimal patterns often regarded as requiring some or all of: open questions; elaboration of previous contributions; reasoned discussion of competing viewpoints; linkage and coordination across contributions; meta-cognitive engagement with dialogue; high student participation. To date however, the relevance of such features has been most convincingly examined in relation to small-group interaction amongst students; little is known about applicability to teacher-student dialogue. The paper reports a large-scale study that permits some rebalancing. The study revolves around the two lessons (covering two of mathematics, literacy and science) that were video-recorded in each of 72 demographically diverse classrooms (students aged 10-11 years). Key measures of teacher-student dialogue were related to six indices of student outcome, which jointly covered curriculum mastery, reasoning, and educationally relevant attitudes. Prior attainment and attitudes were considered in analyses as were other factors, e.g. student demographics and further aspects of classroom practice, that might confound interpretation of dialogue-outcome relations. So long as students participated extensively, elaboration and querying of previous contributions were found to be positively associated with curriculum mastery, and elaboration was also positively associated with attitudes.ESR
Supercritical maneuvering fighter configuration. Wind-tunnel investigation at Mach numbers of 0.60 to 0.95
A wind tunnel investigation was conducted to study the application of supercritical technology to highly maneuverable combat aircraft. The configuration studied has a leading-edge sweep of 45 deg and an aspect ratio of 3.28. Two supercritical-wing shapes were tested at Mach numbers from 0.60 to 0.95 with angles of attack from -2 deg to 17 deg. On supercritical wing was designed to achieve a high level of transonic maneuver performance at a Mach number of 0.90; however, excessive flow separation developed on this wing at a Mach number of 0.85. A second supercritical wing was tested which had significantly reduced flow separation and improved drag characteristics at a Mach number of 0.85 and maintained the performance of the original wing at the higher Mach numbers. Leading-edge vortex generators did not improve the performance of the second wing; however, a sharp leading-edge flap produced sizable drag reductions at Mach numbers from 0.60 to 0.90
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