Karakteristik Pelaku Perjalanan Berdasarkan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan dalam Menggunakan Moda Bus Kota

Interaksi antara kawasan perkotaan dengan wilayah sub urban menyebabkan terjadinya pergerakan yang dilakukan oleh pelaku perjalanan. Hal ini mengakibatkan tingginya angka kemacetan pada titik-titik dan waktu tertentu karena sebagian besar pelaku perjalanan memilih menggunakan kendaraan pribadi daripada angkutan umum untuk melakukan kegiatan di kawasan perkotaan Surakarta. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana karakteristik pelaku perjalanan berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan dalam menggunakan moda bus kota? Tujuan penelitian adalah karakteristik pelaku perjalanan berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan dalam menggunakan moda bus kota. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deduktif dan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis cluster menggunakan SPSS 17.0 dan analisis skoring untuk variabel yang tidak dapat diproses menggunakan SPSS 17.0. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat sembilan kelompok karakteristik pelaku perjalanan yang menggunakan moda bus kota dari wilayah sub urban bagian barat ke perkotaan Surakarta. Karakteristik pelaku perjalanan tersebut apabila dilihat berdasarkan faktor prioritas paling tinggi hingga rendah, dapat diketahui bahwa faktor kenyamanan angkutan merupakan faktor prioritas paling tinggi dalam mempengaruhi pemilihan moda menurut pelaku perjalanan, setelah itu faktor keandalan angkutan. Faktor yang memiliki prioritas sedang yaitu faktor kenyamanan angkutan, setelah itu faktor kepemilikan kendaraan pelaku perjalanan. Faktor yang memiliki prioritas rendah yaitu faktor kecepatan angkutan, faktor pendidikan pelaku perjalanan, faktor usia pelaku perjalanan, faktor biaya transportasi angkutan, faktor pendapatan pelaku perjalanan, dan faktor jarak perjalanan. Bagi pemerintah Kota Surakarta, penyediaan armada bus kota di perkotaan Surakarta harus lebih memperhatikan faktor pemilihan moda yang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik pelaku perjalanan serta harus lebih meningkatkan fasilitas yang ada di dalam bus kota

A Taxonomy-Driven Approach to Visually Prototyping Pervasive Computing Applications

International audienceVarious forms of pervasive computing environments are be- ing deployed in an increasing number of areas including healthcare, home automation, and military. This evolution makes the development of pervasive computing applications challenging because it requires to manage a range of heterogeneous entities with a wide variety of functionalities. This paper presents Pantagruel, an approach to integrating a taxonomical description of a pervasive computing environment into a visual programming language. A taxonomy describes the relevant entities of a given pervasive computing area and serves as a parameter to a sensor controller-actuator development paradigm. The orchestration of areaspecific entities is supported by high-level constructs, customized with respect to taxonomical information. We have implemented a visual environment to develop taxonomies and orchestration rules. Furthermore, we have developed a compiler for Pantagruel and successfully used it for applications in various pervasive computing areas, such as home automation and building management

Processing Domain-Specific Modeling Languages: A Case Study in Telephony Services

International audienceThe Domain-Specific Language (DSL) approach is being actively studied from both a software engineering viewpoint and a programming language viewpoint. It is being successfully applied to a variety of areas such as banking, graphics and networking. Yet, the concept of a DSL is still very vague, making both its applicability and implementation difficult. This paper introduces a layered approach to DSLs where (1) domain experts are provided with Domain-Specific Modeling Languages (DSMLs), requiring no programming skills and (2) implementation experts deal with Domain-Specific Programming Languages (DSPLs) that require a programming background but abstracts over the intricacies of underlying technologies. By separating domain and implementation concerns, we show that our layered DSL approach enables high-level tools to be used to both compile and reason about DSML programs. Compilation and program verification amount to defining high-level generative processes. We illustrate our approach with the domain of telephony service creation. We introduce a DSML for service creation and demonstrate the ease of compiling DSML programs using the Stratego/XT program transformation environment. Two compilation processes are defined for DSML programs targeting (1) a DSPL, illustrating a high-level compilation process and (2) the TLA+ specification language, exemplifying the verification of domain-specific properties

Staging Telephony Service Creation: A Language Approach

International audienceThe open-endedness of telephony platforms is creating expectations among users, ranging from end-users to administrators, to create services dedicated to their activities. Not only is the population of developers heterogeneous, but the technologies underlying modern telephony range over a variety of areas such as multimedia, databases, web services, and distributed systems. This situation drastically widens the expertise required for service creation. We propose an approach to coping with the heterogeneity of both the service developers and the technologies underlying modern telephony. Our approach is based on programming languages. It consists of providing a language that is specific to each developer community with respect to its expertise (e.g., programming skills) and the target application area (e.g., administration). Such languages, called Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs), are organized in layers, accounting for abstraction levels. Our layered approach to telephony service creation is illustrated by two high-level DSLs for end-user service creation, requiring no programming skills, and an expressive DSL enabling the development of expert-level telephony services. We show that layering DSLs greatly facilitates their implementation and verification of telephony-specific properties by leveraging on high-level tools

Pantaxou: a Domain-Specific Language for Developing Safe Coordination Services

International audienceCoordinating entities in a networked environment has always been a significant challenge for software developers. In recent years, however, it has become even more difficult, because devices have increasingly rich capabilities, combining an ever larger range of technologies (networking, multimedia, sensors, etc.). To address this challenge, we propose a language-based approach to covering the life-cycle of applications coordinating networked entities. Our approach covers the characterization of the networked environment, the specification of coordination applications, the verification of a networked environment and its deployment. It is carried out in practice by a domain-specific language, named Pantaxou. This paper presents the domain-specific language Pantaxou, dedicated to the development of applications for networked heterogeneous entities. Pantaxou has been used to specify a number of coordination scenarios in areas ranging from home automation to telecommunications. The language semantics has been formally defined and a compiler has been developed. The compiler verifies the coherence of a coordination scenario and generates coordination code in Java

Towards a Tool-based Development Methodology for Sense/Compute/Control Applications (Poster)

posterInternational audienceThis poster presents a design language and a tool suite covering the development life-cycle of a Sense/Compute/Control (SCC) application. This language makes it possible to define the architecture of an application, following an architectural pattern commonly used in SCC applications. Our underlying methodology assigns roles to the stakeholders, providing separation of concerns. Our tool suite includes a compiler that takes design artifacts written in our language as input. The compiler generates customized support for subsequent development stages, namely implementation and test. In doing so, it ensures the conformance between the architecture and the code. Our tool suite also includes a simulator for testing SCC applications, without requiring code modification. Our methodology has been applied to a wide spectrum of areas, such as building automation, advanced telecommunications, and health-care

Zebra : Building Efficient Network Message Parsers for Embedded Systems

4 pagesInternational audienceSupporting standard text-based protocols in embedded systems is challenging because of the often limited computational resources that embedded systems provide. To overcome this issue, a promising approach is to build parsers directly in hardware. Unfortunately, developing such parsers is a daunting task for most developers as it is at the crossroads of several areas of expertise, such as low-level network programming, or hardware design. In this paper, we propose Zebra, a generative approach to drastically ease the development of hardware parsers and their use in network applications. To validate our approach, we have used Zebra to generate hardware parsers for widely used protocols, namely HTTP, SMTP, SIP, and RTSP. Our experiments show that Zebra-based parsers are up to 11 times faster than software-based parsers

Approche langage au développement logiciel : application au domaine des systèmes d'informatique ubiquitaire

The sheer size and complexity of today's software systems pose challenges for both their programming and verification, making it critical to raise the level of abstraction of software development beyond the code. However, the use of high-level descriptions in the development process still remains rudimentary, improving and guiding this process marginally. This thesis proposes a new approach to making software development simpler and safer. This approach is based on the use of domain-specific languages and a tight coupling between a specification and architecture layer, and an implementation layer. It consists of describing functional and non-functional aspects of a software system at a high level of abstraction, using the specification and architecture layer. These high-level descriptions are then analyzed and used to customize the implementation layer, greatly facilitating the programming and verification of the software system. We have validated our approach in the domain of pervasive computing systems development. From a complete domain analysis, we have introduced two domain-specific languages, Pantaxou and Pantagruel, dedicated to the orchestration of networked smart devices.Face à l'augmentation de la taille et de la complexité des systèmes logiciels, il convient de les décrire à un plus haut niveau d'abstraction (\ie au-delà du code) avant de concrètement les implémenter. Toutefois, l'utilisation de ces descriptions de haut niveau dans les processus de construction et de vérification des systèmes reste très rudimentaire, ne permettant pas de véritablement guider et faciliter le développement logiciel. Cette thèse propose une nouvelle approche pour rendre plus simple et plus sûr le développement de systèmes logiciels. Cette approche repose sur l'utilisation de langages dédiés et sur un couplage fort entre une couche de spécification et d'architecture et une couche d'implémentation. Elle consiste tout d'abord à décrire à un haut niveau d'abstraction différents aspects, à la fois fonctionnels et non fonctionnels, d'un système dans la couche de spécification et d'architecture. Ces descriptions sont ensuite analysées et utilisées pour personnaliser la couche d'implémentation, afin de faciliter la construction et la vérification du système logiciel. Nous illustrons notre approche dans le domaine de l'informatique ubiquitaire. À la suite d'une analyse complète du domaine, nous avons conçu deux langages dédiés à l'orchestration d'objets communicants, Pantaxou et Pantagruel

Approche langage au développement logiciel : application au domaine des systèmes d’informatique ubiquitaire

Face à l'augmentation de la taille et de la complexité des systèmeslogiciels, il convient de les décrire à un plus haut niveaud'abstraction (i.e., au-delà du code) avant de concrètement lesimplémenter. Toutefois, l'utilisation de ces descriptions de hautniveau dans les processus de construction et de vérification dessystèmes reste très rudimentaire, ne permettant pas de véritablementguider et faciliter le développement logiciel. Cette thèse propose une nouvelle approche pour rendre plus simple etplus sûr le développement de systèmes logiciels. Cette approche reposesur l'utilisation de langages dédiés et sur un couplage fort entre unecouche de spécification et d'architecture et une couched'implémentation. Elle consiste tout d'abord à décrire à un hautniveau d'abstraction différents aspects, à la fois fonctionnels et nonfonctionnels, d'un système dans la couche de spécification etd'architecture. Ces descriptions sont ensuite analysées et utiliséespour personnaliser la couche d'implémentation, afin de faciliter laconstruction et la vérification du système logiciel. Nous illustrons notre approche dans le domaine de l'informatiqueubiquitaire. À la suite d'une analyse complète du domaine, nous avonsconçu deux langages dédiés à l'orchestration d'objets communicants,Pantaxou et Pantagruel.The sheer size and complexity of today's software systems posechallenges for both their programming and verification, making itcritical to raise the level of abstraction of software developmentbeyond the code. However, the use of high-level descriptions in thedevelopment process still remains rudimentary, improving and guidingthis process marginally.This thesis proposes a new approach to making software developmentsimpler and safer. This approach is based on the use ofdomain-specific languages and a tight coupling between a specificationand architecture layer, and an implementation layer. It consists ofdescribing functional and non-functional aspects of a software systemat a high level of abstraction, using the specification andarchitecture layer. These high-level descriptions are then analyzedand used to customize the implementation layer, greatly facilitatingthe programming and verification of the software system.We have validated our approach in the domain of pervasive computingsystems development. From a complete domain analysis, we haveintroduced two domain-specific languages, Pantaxou and Pantagruel,dedicated to the orchestration of networked smart devices

Approche langage au développement logiciel (application au domaine des systèmes d'informatique ubiquitaire)

Face à l'augmentation de la taille et de la complexité des systèmeslogiciels, il convient de les décrire à un plus haut niveaud'abstraction (i.e., au-delà du code) avant de concrètement lesimplémenter. Toutefois, l'utilisation de ces descriptions de hautniveau dans les processus de construction et de vérification dessystèmes reste très rudimentaire, ne permettant pas de véritablementguider et faciliter le développement logiciel. Cette thèse propose une nouvelle approche pour rendre plus simple etplus sûr le développement de systèmes logiciels. Cette approche reposesur l'utilisation de langages dédiés et sur un couplage fort entre unecouche de spécification et d'architecture et une couched'implémentation. Elle consiste tout d'abord à décrire à un hautniveau d'abstraction différents aspects, à la fois fonctionnels et nonfonctionnels, d'un système dans la couche de spécification etd'architecture. Ces descriptions sont ensuite analysées et utiliséespour personnaliser la couche d'implémentation, afin de faciliter laconstruction et la vérification du système logiciel. Nous illustrons notre approche dans le domaine de l'informatiqueubiquitaire. À la suite d'une analyse complète du domaine, nous avonsconçu deux langages dédiés à l'orchestration d'objets communicants,Pantaxou et Pantagruel.The sheer size and complexity of today's software systems posechallenges for both their programming and verification, making itcritical to raise the level of abstraction of software developmentbeyond the code. However, the use of high-level descriptions in thedevelopment process still remains rudimentary, improving and guidingthis process marginally.This thesis proposes a new approach to making software developmentsimpler and safer. This approach is based on the use ofdomain-specific languages and a tight coupling between a specificationand architecture layer, and an implementation layer. It consists ofdescribing functional and non-functional aspects of a software systemat a high level of abstraction, using the specification andarchitecture layer. These high-level descriptions are then analyzedand used to customize the implementation layer, greatly facilitatingthe programming and verification of the software system.We have validated our approach in the domain of pervasive computingsystems development. From a complete domain analysis, we haveintroduced two domain-specific languages, Pantaxou and Pantagruel,dedicated to the orchestration of networked smart devices.BORDEAUX1-Bib.electronique (335229901) / SudocSudocFranceF