Anàlisi i tipologia a nivell de secció censal de la ciutat de Barcelona

Treballs Finals del Grau d'Economia i Estadística. Doble titulació interuniversitària, Universitat de Barcelona i Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Curs: 2019-2020. Tutor: Ernest Pons Fanals[cat] Actualment hi ha disponibles noves dades a nivell de secció censal que es poden utilitzar per plantejar estudis socioeconòmics més detallats. En aquest treball es vol conèixer més la ciutat de Barcelona, els seus districtes i les seves seccions censals a partir d’aquestes dades. En la introducció es troben explicats els conceptes generals que cal tenir clars per entendre correctament les altres parts del treball. A continuació hi ha una anàlisi de les dades per la ciutat en general i per cada districte en detall. En tercer lloc es duu a terme una classificació de les seccions censals de la ciutat segons les seves característiques. I finalment s’inclouen les conclusions del treball i la bibliografia utilitzada.[eng] New census-section-level data is currently available that can be used for more detailed socio-economic studies. This paper aims to learn more about the city of Barcelona, its districts and its census sections, based on the data discussed. The introduction explains the general concepts that need to be clear to properly understand the other parts of the paper. The following is an analysis of the data for the city as a whole and for each district in detail. Third, the city census sections are classified according to their characteristics. And finally, the conclusions of the paper and the bibliography used are included

Oxidosqualene cyclases involved in the biosynthesis of triterpenoids in Quercus suber cork

Cork is a water-impermeable, suberin-based material harboring lignin, (hemi)cellulose, and extractable small molecules (primarily triterpenoids). Extractables strongly influence the properties of suberin-based materials. Though these previous findings suggest a key role for triterpenoids in cork material quality, directly testing this idea is hindered in part because it is not known which genes control cork triterpenoid biosynthesis. Here, we used gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to determine that the majority (\u3e85%) of non-polar extractables from cork were pentacyclic triterpenoids, primarily betulinic acid, friedelin, and hydroxy-friedelin. In other plants, triterpenoids are generated by oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs). Accordingly, we mined Quercus suber EST libraries for OSC fragments to use in a RACE PCR-based approach and cloned three full-length OSC transcripts from cork (QsOSC1-3). Heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed that QsOSC1-3 respectively encoded enzymes with lupeol synthase, mixed α- and β-amyrin synthase, and mixed β-amyrin and friedelin synthase activities. These activities together account for the backbone structures of the major cork triterpenoids. Finally, we analyzed the sequences of QsOSC1-3 and other plant OSCs to identify residues associated with specific OSC activities, then combined this with analyses of Q. suber transcriptomic and genomic data to evaluate potential redundancies in cork triterpenoid biosynthesis

A novel method to bracket the corotation radius in galaxy discs:vertex deviation maps

We map the kinematics of stars in simulated galaxy disks with spiral arms using the velocity ellipsoid vertex deviation (l$_v$). We use test particle simulations, and for the first time, fully self-consistent high resolution N-body models. We compare our maps with the Tight Winding Approximation model analytical predictions. We see that for all barred models spiral arms rotate closely to a rigid body manner and the vertex deviation values correlate with the density peaks position bounded by overdense and underdense regions. In such cases, vertex deviation sign changes from negative to positive when crossing the spiral arms in the direction of disk rotation, in regions where the spiral arms are in between corotation (CR) and the Outer Lindblad Resonance (OLR). By contrast, when the arm sections are inside the CR and outside the OLR, l$_v$ changes from negative to positive.We propose that measurements of the vertex deviations pattern can be used to trace the position of the main resonances of the spiral arms. We propose that this technique might exploit future data from Gaia and APOGEE surveys. For unbarred N-body simulations with spiral arms corotating with disk material at all radii, our analysis suggests that no clear correlation exists between l$_v$ and density structures

The needs of the metropolitan population from the residential areas: the socio-environmental endowments: housing, equipment and green spaces

Entender las necesidades de la población, de vivienda y otras dotaciones desde la lógica territorial del urbanismo, debe servir para establecer propuestas de crecimiento y rehabilitación en base a un uso eficiente del suelo. El Área Metropolitana de Barcelona está compuesta por 36 municipios, donde se entremezclan múltiples identidades que deben compartir la misma consciencia metropolitana. La aceptación del valor de esta complejidad realza aquello que es específico y singular, y permite preservarlo. El PDU apuesta por una mirada inclusiva, a partir del conocimiento de las necesidades de la población metropolitana en cuanto a equipamientos, espacios verdes o vivienda, en un territorio que tienda al equilibrio funcional y a la continuidad física. La intervención en estos aspectos debe conducirnos a una sociedad más cohesionada, equitativa y segura. Estas necesidades se concretan a partir de la diagnosis de los asentamientos urbanos, donde los ciudadanos desarrollan sus funciones cotidianas en base a cuatro aspectos fundamentales: la forma urbana, la función, la situación relativa y el rol metropolitano. Esta ponencia se centra en: • La caracterización de los tejidos residenciales del área metropolitana de Barcelona. • La diagnosis de las necesidades de la población metropolitana: las dotaciones socioambientales. • Los retos metropolitanos en materia de vivienda.Understanding housing and facilities needs from the territorial logic of urban planning, must lead us to establish proposals for new developments and renovation projects based on efficient use of land. The Barcelona Metropolitan Area is composed by 36 municipalities with multiple particular identities which must share the same metropolitan awareness. Accepting the value of this complexity enhances what is specific and unique, and allows it to be preserved. The Metropolitan Urban Master Plan (PDU) is committed to an inclusive urban perspective based on a deep knowledge of the metropolitan popula- tion’s needs regarding facilities, green spaces or housing, evolving towards a territorial functional balance and physical continuity. Intervention in these matters must lead us to increase social cohesion and to build a more equitable and secure society. These population needs are determined through a deep diagnosis of urban settlements, where citizens carry out their daily life. In the case of the metropolitan area, the following factors should to be taken into account: the urban form, the function, the relative situation and the metropolitan role. This paper focus on: • The characterization of the residential fabrics of the metropolitan area of Barcelona. • The diagnosis of the metropolitan population’s needs: the socio-environmental provisions.Peer Reviewe

Metropolitan population’s needs from residential fabrics: socio-environmental provisions: housing, facilities and green spaces

El problema del acceso a la vivienda es una de las principales preocupaciones de los ciudadanos y también una de las causas de la segregación urbana, en relación con la distribución de la población en el territorio. Entender las necesidades de vivienda desde la lógica territorial del urbanismo debe servir para establecer propuestas de crecimiento y rehabilitación en base a un uso eficiente del suelo. El Área Metropolitana de Barcelona está compuesta por 36 municipios, donde se entremezclan múltiples identidades que deben compartir la misma consciencia metropolitana. La aceptación del valor de esta complejidad realza aquello que es específico y singular, y permite preservarlo. El PDU apuesta por una mirada inclusiva, a partir del conocimiento de las necesidades de la población metropolitana en cuanto a equipamientos, espacios verdes o vivienda, en un territorio que tienda al equilibrio funcional y a la continuidad física. La intervención en estos aspectos debe conducirnos a una sociedad más cohesionada, equitativa y segura. Estas necesidades se concretan a partir de la diagnosis de los asentamientos urbanos, donde los ciudadanos desarrollan sus funciones cotidianas en base a cuatro aspectos fundamentales: la forma urbana, la función, la situación relativa y el rol metropolitano. Esta ponencia se centra en: La caracterización de los tejidos residenciales del área metropolitana de Barcelona. La diagnosis de las necesidades de la población metropolitana: las dotaciones socioambientales. Los retos metropolitanos en materia de vivienda.Affordability and access to housing is one of the main citizen concerns and also one of the causes of spatial segregation, in relation to the distribution of the population on the territory. Understanding housing needs from the territorial logic of urban planning, must lead us to establish proposals for new developments and renovation projects based on efficient use of land. The Barcelona Metropolitan Area is composed by 36 municipalities with multiple particular identities which must share the same metropolitan awareness. Accepting the value of this complexity enhances what is specific and unique, and allows it to be preserved. The Metropolitan Urban Master Plan (PDU) is committed to an inclusive urban perspective based on a deep knowledge of the metropolitan population’s needs regarding facilities, green spaces or housing, evolving towards a territorial functional balance and physical continuity. Intervention in these matters must lead us to increase social cohesion and to build a more equitable and secure society. These population needs are determined through a deep diagnosis of urban settlements, where citizens carry out their daily life. In the case of the metropolitan area, the following factors should to be taken into account: the urban form, the function, the relative situation and the metropolitan role. This paper focus on: The characterization of the residential fabrics of the metropolitan area of Barcelona. The diagnosis of the metropolitan population’s needs: the socio-environmental provisions. The metropolitan challenges regarding housing

Adaptación preliminar del cuestionario de alimentación de Stunkard y Messick (Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, TFEQ) con una muestra española universitaria

El Cuestionario de Alimentación de Stunkard y Messick (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire , TFEQ) (Stunkard y Messick, 1985) constituye una de las medidas de restricción alimentaria más utilizadas en la actualidad. En este trabajo se presentan los datos de una adaptación preliminar a una muestra de estudiantes universitarias de España (n=335). Nuestros resultados no replican la estructura de tres factores propuesta por los autores originales. El análisis factorial realizado con nuestra muestra sugiere la existencia de dos factores que explicarían el 30% de la varianza total. Tales factores han sido denominados «Restricción» y «Desinhibición». La existencia de un tercer factor «Hambre» en la escala original queda seriamente cuestionada por nuestros datos. Se discute esta cuestión conceptual y psicométricamente. Finalmente, se proporcionan datos de fiabilidad, validez concurrente y validez discriminante que apoyan la bondad psicométrica de nuestra adaptación y se insiste en la necesidad de adaptación de instrumentos validados en otros países y contextosThe Stunkard-Messick Eating Questionnaire (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, TFEQ) of Stunkard & Messick (1985) is one of the most common measures for dietary restraint. In the present work, data about a preliminary adaptation and validation with a Spanish college sample are presented (n=335). Our results do not replicate the three factor structure of the original English form. The factorial analysis carried out with the Spanish sample suggested two factors, which explain 30% of the total variance. These factors are named «Restraint» and «Desinhibition». Our data do not give support to the third factor, «Hunger» in the original form. This question is conceptually and psychometrically discussed. Finally, data about reliability, concurrent and discriminant validity favorable to the psychometric goodness of our form are provided. The necessity of validation of instrument adaptation in various contexts or countries is stresse

Engineering estructural defense responses in tomato for resistance against the bacterial wilt

Trabajo presentado en 5th International Symposium on Plant Apoplastic Diffusion Barriers (PADiBA) celebrado en Dundee (Escocia) del 13 al 15 de septiembre de 2022

Neoinnervation and neovascularization of acellular pericardial-derived scaffolds in myocardial infarcts

Engineered bioimplants for cardiac repair require functional vascularization and innervation for proper integration with the surrounding myocardium. The aim of this work was to study nerve sprouting and neovascularization in an acellular pericardial-derived scaffold used as a myocardial bioimplant. To this end, 17 swine were submitted to a myocardial infarction followed by implantation of a decellularized human pericardial-derived scaffold. After 30 days, animals were sacrificed and hearts were analyzed with hematoxylin/eosin and Masson's and Gallego's modified trichrome staining. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to detect nerve fibers within the cardiac bioimplant by using βIII tubulin and S100 labeling. Isolectin B4, smooth muscle actin, CD31, von Willebrand factor, cardiac troponin I, and elastin antibodies were used to study scaffold vascularization. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to confirm the presence of vascular and nervous ultrastructures. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, end-diastolic wall mass, and infarct size were assessed by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Newly formed nerve fibers composed of several amyelinated axons as the afferent nerve endings of the heart were identified by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, neovessel formation occurred spontaneously as small and large isolectin B4-positive blood vessels within the scaffold. In summary, this study demonstrates for the first time the neoformation of vessels and nerves in cell-free cardiac scaffolds applied over infarcted tissue. Moreover, MRI analysis showed a significant improvement in LVEF (P = 0.03) and CO (P = 0.01) and a 43 % decrease in infarct size (P = 0.007)