A simple maximum power point tracking based control strategy applied to a variable speed squirrel cage induction generator

This paper presents a comprehensive modelling and control study of a variable speed wind energy conversion system based on a squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG). The mathematical model of the SCIG is derived in Park frame along with the indirect field oriented control (IFOC) scheme based on a proportional and integral speed controller. A simple maximum power point tracking strategy is used to determine the optimal speed under variable wind speed conditions which is then used as the reference in the IFOC scheme. Power flow between the supply and the inverter is regulated via simultaneous control of the active and reactive currents of the grid and the DC link voltage. The simulation results show that the proposed control technique is able to maximise the energy extracted from the wind during the simulation scenarios considered. The results also demonstrate good transient response characteristics in the decoupled real and reactive powers.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Neuroplasticity Associated with Tactile Language Communication in a Deaf-Blind Subject

A long-standing debate in cognitive neuroscience pertains to the innate nature of language development and the underlying factors that determine this faculty. We explored the neural correlates associated with language processing in a unique individual who is early blind, congenitally deaf, and possesses a high level of language function. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we compared the neural networks associated with the tactile reading of words presented in Braille, Print on Palm (POP), and a haptic form of American Sign Language (haptic ASL or hASL). With all three modes of tactile communication, indentifying words was associated with robust activation within occipital cortical regions as well as posterior superior temporal and inferior frontal language areas (lateralized within the left hemisphere). In a normally sighted and hearing interpreter, identifying words through hASL was associated with left-lateralized activation of inferior frontal language areas however robust occipital cortex activation was not observed. Diffusion tensor imaging -based tractography revealed differences consistent with enhanced occipital-temporal connectivity in the deaf-blind subject. Our results demonstrate that in the case of early onset of both visual and auditory deprivation, tactile-based communication is associated with an extensive cortical network implicating occipital as well as posterior superior temporal and frontal associated language areas. The cortical areas activated in this deaf-blind subject are consistent with characteristic cortical regions previously implicated with language. Finally, the resilience of language function within the context of early and combined visual and auditory deprivation may be related to enhanced connectivity between relevant cortical areas

THE SYNDROME OF OVERTRAINING AMONG THE ALGERIAN ELITE JUDOKAS (YOUNGER MEMBERS OF THE ALGERIAN NATIONAL TEAM) DURING A COMPETITION FOLLOW-UP

Introduction:  The main objective of this study is to detect the existence of a state of fatigue and a syndrome of overtraining among Algerians judokas of the youngest category (girls and boys) by the use of the questionnaire of fatigue among the child athlete (QFES) and to evaluate the variations of the score by report has its 07 dimensions. Method: 24 judokas cadets of the national team, 14 boys 58.3% and 10 girls 41,7%. The boys are an average age of 16.21±0.21 years, an average weight of 67±16,40kg and a stature of 171,64±9,49cm. They have a body mass index(BMI) of 22.69±4.94 kg/m².girls have an average age of 16.20±0.78 years, a weight of 59.1±7.89 kg and a stature of 163.9±3,14cm.The BMI is equal to 21,95±2.50 kg/sq. m. The athletes are attending school between the fourth average year at the College and the second year of secondary school. During the period of the microcycle stage of competition which is taking place between 01 March 2017 and 31 May 2017, we distributed the questionnaire at the end of the competition at the Championship in Algeria (Algiers, 27/05/2017). Results: The score of the questionnaire was to 40.01±8.58 (minimum=27, 00, maximum=54), 33.33% of athletes their scores to the QFES≥45. The average score for an item is 1.1±0.11. The ranking of items of the QFES by average quotation with significant threshold retained of p<0.05. The results are expressed in average ± standard deviation. Conclusion: The main results show that in the questionnaire QFES fatigue is a sensitive tool to detect a state of fatigue. However, a biological study is imperative in order to establish the correlation between syndrome of the overtraining and oxidative stress among young judokas  Article visualizations

Ion impact induced Interatomic Coulombic Decay in neon and argon dimers

We investigate the contribution of Interatomic Coulombic Decay induced by ion impact in neon and argon dimers (Ne$_2$ and Ar$_2$) to the production of low energy electrons. Our experiments cover a broad range of perturbation strengths and reaction channels. We use 11.37 MeV/u S$^{14+}$, 0.125 MeV/u He$^{1+}$, 0.1625 MeV/u He$^{1+}$ and 0.150 MeV/u He$^{2+}$ as projectiles and study ionization, single and double electron transfer to the projectile as well as projectile electron loss processes. The application of a COLTRIMS reaction microscope enables us to retrieve the three-dimensional momentum vectors of the ion pairs of the fragmenting dimer into Ne$^{q+}$/Ne$^{1+}$ and Ar$^{q+}$/Ar$^{1+}$ (q = 1, 2, 3) in coincidence with at least one emitted electron

Time Ordering in Kicked Qubits

We examine time ordering effects in strongly, suddenly perturbed two-state quantum systems (kicked qubits) by comparing results with time ordering to results without time ordering. Simple analytic expressions are given for state occupation amplitudes and probabilities for singly and multiply kicked qubits. We investigate the limit of no time ordering, which can differ in different representations.Comment: 26 pages, 5 figure

Avaliação da dimensão interpessoal, estrutural e produtos, tendo a satisfação como via de qualidade na percepção de clientes e consumidores do setor varejista da cidade de Volta Redonda

A cidade de Volta Redonda está em pleno crescimento e a prestação de serviços é uma vertente crescente. Nesse ínterim, a busca pela satisfação como forma de ganhar e manter a vantagem competitiva entre os concorrentes do mesmo setor. Assim, pretende- se verificar quais as necessidades e expectativas que devem merecer maior atenção por parte da gerência e dos gestores de Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PMEs). O objetivo é avaliar a satisfação dos valores intrínsecos que os clientes possuem, referentes à relação interpessoal, à estrutura e aos produtos, tendo a satisfação como via de qualidade na percepção do cliente e de que forma essa satisfação pode ser fonte de vantagem competitiva. Devido suas características, será utilizado o método quantitativo com aporte ao método qualitativo, considerando a melhor alternativa a ser empregada para o problema a ser estudado. O tipo de pesquisa adotada para a realização deste trabalho foi a descritiva. O método descritivo possibilita a classificação, a explicitação e a interpretação dos fenômenos, a partir de dados colhidos da própria realidade e permite descrever as características do fenômeno. Será utilizado neste trabalho também, um estudo de multicasos que tem entre as aplicações: explorar situações da vida real cujos limites não estão claramente definidos; descrever a situação do contexto em que está sendo feita determinada investigação; explicar as variáveis causais de determinado fenômeno em situações bastante complexas. Este trabalho inclui a avaliação das dimensões estruturais e dos produtos, para identificar o segmento do varejo com maior crescimento nos últimos 5 anos no município. Este é um trabalho exploratório com o objetivo inicial de mapeamento das instituições e não fará uso de entrevistas e ou aplicação de questionários, portanto não terá viés de pesquisa com seres humanos

Correlation dynamics between electrons and ions in the fragmentation of D2_2 molecules by short laser pulses

We studied the recollision dynamics between the electrons and D$_2^+$ ions following the tunneling ionization of D$_2$ molecules in an intense short pulse laser field. The returning electron collisionally excites the D$_2^+$ ion to excited electronic states from there D$_2^+$ can dissociate or be further ionized by the laser field, resulting in D$^+$ + D or D$^+$ + D$^+$, respectively. We modeled the fragmentation dynamics and calculated the resulting kinetic energy spectrum of D$^+$ to compare with recent experiments. Since the recollision time is locked to the tunneling ionization time which occurs only within fraction of an optical cycle, the peaks in the D$^+$ kinetic energy spectra provides a measure of the time when the recollision occurs. This collision dynamics forms the basis of the molecular clock where the clock can be read with attosecond precision, as first proposed by Corkum and coworkers. By analyzing each of the elementary processes leading to the fragmentation quantitatively, we identified how the molecular clock is to be read from the measured kinetic energy spectra of D$^+$ and what laser parameters be used in order to measure the clock more accurately.Comment: 13 pages with 14 figure

Demandes en eau des exploitations agricoles du périmètre irrigué de la Mitidja ouest (Algérie)

Le périmètre irrigué de la Mitidja ouest couvre une superficie de 8 600 ha. Depuis sa mise en eau à la fin des années 1980, le réseau collectif n'a pas remplacé l'irrigation individuelle à partir de la nappe. Cette situation est due d'une part au manque d'eau récurrent lié à la faible quantité d'eau allouée à l'irrigation au profit de l'alimentation en eau potable du grand Alger. Le fonctionnement du réseau collectif est par ailleurs fortement entravé par une gestion réputée peu efficace avec un faible niveau de maintenance. Ce travail expose la méthode employée ainsi que les premiers résultats sur la caractérisation de la demande en eau des exploitations agricoles de ce périmètre et le partage des rélèvements entre l'eau de surface et l'eau souterraine. Les enquêtes réalisées confirment que la nappe souterraine demeure la principale ressource en eau pour la majorité des exploitations agricoles du périmètre, en particulier pour les maraîchers qui souvent louent les terres et irriguent exclusivement à partir de l'eau de la nappe. La grande majorité des exploitations agricoles (90 % de notre échantillon) ont au moins un forage en état de fonctionnement. Bien que critiqué par les agriculteurs sur la qualité de son service, la qualité de l'eau et surtout les barèmes de facturation des volumes d'eau consommés, le système collectif demeure sollicité par plus de 54 % des agriculteurs. L'usage combiné des deux systèmes, collectif et individuel, permet d'irriguer annuellement plus de 61 % de la surface cultivée, le plus souvent en gravitaire, et en premier lieu les agrumes qui représentent 40 % de la surface totale cultivée. Une typologie détaillée des exploitations agricoles est présentée dans cette communication avec pour finalité la caractérisation fine des diverses formes de demande en eau au sein du périmètre

Multivariable control of a grid-connected wind energy conversion system with power quality enhancement

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of the following article: Kaddour Fouad, Houari Merabet Boulouiha, Ahmed Allali, Ali Taibi, and Mouloud Denai, ‘Multivariable control of a grid-connected wind energy conversion system with power quality enhancement’, Energy Systems, Vol. 9 (1): 25-57, February 2018. The final publication is available at Springer via: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12667-016-0223-7This paper proposes the design of a multivariable robust control strategy for a variable-speed WECS based on a SCIG. Optimal speed control of the SCIG is achieved by a conventional PI controller combined with a MPPT strategy. DTC-SVM technique based on a simple Clarke transformation is used to control the generator-side three-level converter in the variable speed WECS. The flow of real and reactive power between the inverter and the grid is controlled via the grid real and reactive currents and the DC link voltage using multivariable H∞ control. The overall WECS and control scheme are developed in Matlab/Simulink and the performance of the proposed control strategy is evaluated via a set of simulation scenarios replicating various operating conditions of the WECS such as variable wind speed and asymmetric single grid faults. The power quality of the WECS system under H∞ control control approach is assessed and the results show a significant improvement in the total harmonic distorsion as compared to that achieved with a classical PI control.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio