Speed of information adjustment in Indian stock indices

This study attempts to analyse the speed at which information gets incorporated into the various stock indices in India. Four alternate speed estimators viz., the AR (1) model, the ARMA (1, 1) model, the ARMA (1, X) model, and the cross-covariance estimator were calculated to estimate the rate at which information is adjusted. The lead–lag relationships between indices with varied characteristics were also analysed. It was observed that the Sensex and the Nifty indices, the constituents of which are large capitalisation stocks, led the smaller indices till 2009. This was disturbed in 2010 and 2011, especially by bank indices

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Diabetes care in the digital era: a synoptic overview

Purpose of Review: Diabetes care is undergoing a remarkable transformation by the advancements in information and communications technology (ICT). The aim of this review is to provide a general overview of various ICT-based interventions for diabetes care, challenges of their adoption, and consider future directions. Recent Findings: A number of systematic reviews have examined studies on various aspects of telemedicine and eHealth for diabetes care, but they are generally focused on one specific type of technology application for diabetes care. Summary: A wide range of solutions from manual or automated telephone calls, short message services, websites, mobile health apps, remote monitoring devices, and sophisticated artificial intelligence systems has been studied in different settings and scopes with mixed results. However, despite the promising results of research studies, such innovative solutions are not widely adopted by health systems worldwide. Lack of supportive policy and legislation, unsustainable reimbursement, inefficient business models, and concerns regarding the security and privacy of health data are among the most problematic barriers

Social Network Modelling using tools of Statistical Mechanics

The objective of this paper is to study a treatment to social network analysis using the principles of statistical mechanics. After revisiting the popular models and random graph frameworks of complex networks, a formalism to statistical mechanism based on the conventional concepts like phase space, interactions and ensembles is devised. Specific machine learning techniques are employed for the purpose of figuring out the relevant phase-space equations. Thereafter, specific applications of the formalism is explored in the context of business partnership optimization and disease transmission. Several analogues with the statistical mechanics treatment of thermodynamics have also been made