Nycthemeral and Monthly Occupation of the Fish Assemblage on a Sheltered Beach of Baía Norte, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil

Interpreting fish community records is challenging for several reasons, including the lack of past ichthyofauna data, the cyclical temporal variations in the community, and the methodology employed, which usually underestimates fish assemblages. The objective of this study was to describe short-scale and meso-scale (nycthemeral period and months, respectively) temporal variations in the ichthyofauna composition and structure of a sheltered beach of Baía Norte (Florianópolis, Santa Catarina state, Brazil), using a capéchade net. Samples were collected monthly for a period of 48 hours. During the period from December 2010 to November 2011, a total of 19,302 individuals belonging to 89 species and 39 families were captured. The number of individuals that were sampled during the day and/or night was dependent on the sampling month. On average, the daytime assemblage was more abundant and different in structure and composition than the nighttime assemblage. Of the eight species that had the highest Index of Relative Importance (%IRI), five had higher variations (ANOVA F) between the day and night than between the months. This finding reinforced the need for sampling during both the day and night. The capéchade net effectively captured demersal and pelagic individuals in a broad range of sizes

Downgrading of Breast Masses Suspicious for Cancer by Using Optoacoustic Breast Imaging

Purpose To assess the ability of optoacoustic (OA) ultrasonography (US) to help correctly downgrade benign masses classified as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 4a and 4b to BI-RADS 3 or 2. Materials and Methods OA/US technology uses laser light to detect relative amounts of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin in and around suspicious breast masses. In this prospective, multicenter study, results of 209 patients with 215 breast masses classified as BI-RADS 4a or 4b at US are reported. Patients were enrolled between 2015 and 2016. Masses were first evaluated with US with knowledge of previous clinical information and imaging results, and from this information a US imaging-based probability of malignancy (POM) and BI-RADS category were assigned to each mass. The same masses were then re-evaluated at OA/US. During the OA/US evaluation, radiologists scored five OA/US features, and then reassigned an OA/US-based POM and BI-RADS category for each mass. BI-RADS downgrade and upgrade percentages at OA/US were assessed by using a weighted sum of the five OA feature scores. Results At OA/US, 47.9% (57 of 119; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.57) of benign masses classified as BI-RADS 4a and 11.1% (three of 27; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.28) of masses classified as BI-RADS 4b were correctly downgraded to BI-RADS 3 or 2. Two of seven malignant masses classified as BI-RADS 4a at US were incorrectly downgraded, and one of 60 malignant masses classified as BI-RADS 4b at US was incorrectly downgraded for a total of 4.5% (three of 67; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.13) false-negative findings. Conclusion At OA/US, benign masses classified as BI-RADS 4a could be downgraded in BI-RADS category, which would potentially decrease biopsies negative for cancer and short-interval follow-up examinations, with the limitation that a few masses may be inappropriately downgraded

High Prevalence of MRI-Detected Contralateral and Ipsilateral Malignant Findings in Patients With Invasive Ductolobular Breast Cancer : Impact on Surgical Management

INTRODUCTION: Invasive breast cancer comprises a spectrum of histologic changes with purely lobular and purely ductal cancer on either side and mixed lesions in between. Our aim was to evaluate to what extent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) leads to the finding of additional malignancies and the effect on surgical management in the subcategory of women with invasive ductolobular disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 2007 to 2012, 109 patients diagnosed with breast cancer containing a lobular component underwent preoperative MRI. The MRI findings were compared with the findings from mammography and ultrasonography. Clinically relevant additional MRI findings were verified histologically. The histologic slides were reviewed, and the percentage of the lobular component was determined. In a multidisciplinary setting, the TNM classification and surgical policy were determined using the conventional imaging findings and as a scenario that included preoperative MRI. RESULTS: MRI revealed additional malignant foci in 28 of 109 patients (26%). More extensive disease was seen in 25 patients (23%). The preoperative MRI findings changed the TNM classification in 42% of the patients and altered the surgical policy in 37%. No correlation was found between the lobular component and the probability of detecting additional malignant foci, more extensive disease, or the frequency of a change in TNM classification or surgical policy. According to the final pathology report, the change in surgical policy was justified in 85% of the patients. CONCLUSION: In patients with breast cancer presenting with lobular differentiation at biopsy, preoperative MRI can lead to the detection of additional malignancies and clinically relevant changes in surgical policy in a high percentage of patients, irrespective of the lobular component. The use of MRI as a part of the standard workup of such patients deserves consideration

Erratum to:Dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI at 7T and 3T: an intra-individual comparison study (SpringerPlus, (2016), 5, 13, DOI 10.1186/s40064-015-1654-7)

Figures 1, 2, and 3 did not display on the HTML version of the original article. This has now been updated in the original article (Menezes et al. 2016) and the figures included below (Figs. 1, 2, 3)

Cognitive functioning throughout adulthood and illness stages in individuals with psychotic disorders and their unaffected siblings

Important questions remain about the profile of cognitive impairment in psychotic disorders across adulthood and illness stages. The age-associated profile of familial impairments also remains unclear, as well as the effect of factors, such as symptoms, functioning, and medication. Using cross-sectional data from the EU-GEI and GROUP studies, comprising 8455 participants aged 18 to 65, we examined cognitive functioning across adulthood in patients with psychotic disorders (n\u2009=\u20092883), and their unaffected siblings (n\u2009=\u20092271), compared to controls (n\u2009=\u20093301). An abbreviated WAIS-III measured verbal knowledge, working memory, visuospatial processing, processing speed, and IQ. Patients showed medium to large deficits across all functions (ES range\u2009=\u2009-0.45 to -0.73, p\u2009<\u20090.001), while siblings showed small deficits on IQ, verbal knowledge, and working memory (ES\u2009=\u2009-0.14 to -0.33, p\u2009<\u20090.001). Magnitude of impairment was not associated with participant age, such that the size of impairment in older and younger patients did not significantly differ. However, first-episode patients performed worse than prodromal patients (ES range\u2009=\u2009-0.88 to -0.60, p\u2009<\u20090.001). Adjusting for cannabis use, symptom severity, and global functioning attenuated impairments in siblings, while deficits in patients remained statistically significant, albeit reduced by half (ES range\u2009=\u2009-0.13 to -0.38, p\u2009<\u20090.01). Antipsychotic medication also accounted for around half of the impairment in patients (ES range\u2009=\u2009-0.21 to -0.43, p\u2009<\u20090.01). Deficits in verbal knowledge, and working memory may specifically index familial, i.e., shared genetic and/or shared environmental, liability for psychotic disorders. Nevertheless, potentially modifiable illness-related factors account for a significant portion of the cognitive impairment in psychotic disorders