Papel protagónico de la Escuela Samulali No 2 en el municipio de Matagalpa en acciones de mitigación y adaptación ante el cambio climático, en el II semestre del 2011

El presente trabajo de investigación aborda la temática del papel protagónico de los centros educativos de Nicaragua en acciones de mitigación y adaptación del cambio climático, en particular en el centro de estudio Samulali No 2 con el propósito de proponer alternativas viables para mejorar las deficiencias encontradas. Para la realización objetiva del trabajo investigativo se tomó una población de 40 de los cuales 33 son estudiantes. De los 33 estudiantes 20 son del quinto grado y 13 del sexto grado de primaria multigrado, además se tomo en cuenta a una población de 4 docentes, de primero a sexto grado del turno matutino al director del centro, al asesor técnico municipal MINED – Matagalpa y al inspector ambiental, MARENA – Matagalpa, a los cuales se les aplicó entrevistas. Los resultados de diferentes técnicas de investigación aplicadas, reflejan bajo nivel de conocimiento sobre cambio climático en la comunidad educativa del centro de estudio poniendo en riesgo una educación integral con compromiso ambiental, la implementación de actividades de adaptación y mitigación y la conservación de los recursos existente en el centro para la reducción de la vulnerabilidad en todos los sistemas. Se espera que la propuesta para mejorar las acciones de actitud ante mitigación y adaptación al el cambio climático en este centro se ejecute por medio de la concientización, planificación, capacitación, ejecución y seguimiento de líneas de acción que conduzcan a mejorar el proceso, con la participación de toda la comunidad educativa. Palabras claves: Mitigación, adaptación, cambio climático, concientizació

Managing 2.0 newsrooms: insight stories of spontaneous innovation and improvisation

Nowadays audiences love live communication (Deuze, 2011), the possibility of reaching news in real time, receiving contents without the effort of having to search for them. The concept “news now” (Sheller, 2014) is an audience imperative. Previous research show that media have developed in the last decade a great dependence on social networks (Singer et alt, 2011). Source of new audiences, social media are also a space for the verification and localization of new contents. Sometimes these functions has forced to alter editorial models to host viral topics, necessary to try to overcome the crisis of attention particularly concerning in the context of the young people (Boczkowski and Mitchelstein, 2016). Digital media estimate that one third of their visits come from Facebook (Somaya, 2014), a figure that forces them to create specific strategies that ensure the reputation and growth of the company in the 2.0 sphere because the atomization of content causes fragmented and decontextualized audiences to consume individual news. Recently, Emily Bell (2018) confirmed also that Facebook is reshaping newsrooms. From the point of view of the audience, the number of users of Facebook or Twitter in Spain is not reached by any mass media. This context generates a strange symbiosis, which combines the need and the competition that we consider relevant to analyze. One of the routines which come from this relationship has been the integration of soft news on the front page of online media. This practice has also affected media credibility.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Investigation of the thermal and physicochemical behavior of two types of gutta-percha cones for back-filling the root canal

Gutta-percha (Gp) is an inert thermoplastic polymer used as a filling to replace the dental pulp space, which has been reformulated to improve its three-dimensional sealing properties. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the physical, chemical and thermal properties of two types of gutta-percha filling. As well as measuring the temperature distribution along the cone at the time of cutting through an in-situ test. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two commercially available brands of gutta-percha point were investigated: Conform Fit TM Gutta-Percha for ProTaper Gold(R) (PTG) (Dentsply Sirona), and Hygenic Gutta-Percha (Coltene whaledent). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were selected for the thermal characterization of materials, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) for the chemical analysis of Gp cones. Regarding temperature distribution, it was evaluated using a thermographic camera (FLIR ONE(R) PRO by MicroUSB P/N 435-0011-01) at 0 to 20 s after the cutting process (n=11/group). RESULTS: Both materials have three fusion endotherms associated with the three crystalline phases of Gp, with similar temperatures but enthalpies that differ by 60%, the fusion enthalpy being higher for Conform Fit. In the chemical characterization, elements such as Zn, C, O, Ba, S and Si were found in both materials but in different proportions. Regarding the content of fillers, the Conform Fit presented around 30% of Gp polymer and 25% for the Hygenic. The morphological characterization shows a microtexturized coating in the form of bars on a micrometric scale for the Conform Fit, which could favor a better three-dimensional seal. In addition to that, in heat transfer studies they showed greater temperature control. CONCLUSIONS: The characterization of the materials allowed us to see the variation in terms of their composition and configuration to the Gp cones of two commercial brands. These variations directly modify the thermal behavior of the material. Key words:Gutta-percha, Conform Fit, Infrared thermography, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Infrared Spectroscopy

Harmonic index and harmonic polynomial on graph operations

Some years ago, the harmonic polynomial was introduced to study the harmonic topological index. Here, using this polynomial, we obtain several properties of the harmonic index of many classical symmetric operations of graphs: Cartesian product, corona product, join, Cartesian sum and lexicographic product. Some upper and lower bounds for the harmonic indices of these operations of graphs, in terms of related indices, are derived from known bounds on the integral of a product on nonnegative convex functions. Besides, we provide an algorithm that computes the harmonic polynomial with complexity O(n 2 ).This work was supported in part by two grants from Ministerio de Economía y Competititvidad, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (MTM2016-78227-C2-1-P and MTM2017-90584-REDT), Spain

Implementación de herramientas Lean Manufacturing para disminuir los retrabajos de mantenimiento en la empresa automotriz Autostar Caxamarca S. R. L., Cajamarca, Perú, año 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación se desarrolló con la finalidad de disminuir los retrabajos en el proceso de los servicios en una empresa de mantenimiento, ubicada en la ciudad de Cajamarca en el año 2022, en las actividades con mayor demanda de la empresa, así como también aumentar la productividad, causados por diversos factores que no agregan valor en los servicios. Por ende el objetivo es implementar las herramientas Lean Manufacturing para disminuir los retrabajos, para ello primero se realizó un evaluación general del área de mantenimiento en el que se ejecutó la observación directa, seguidamente se analizaron los datos recolectados para la propuesta de las herramientas Lean, y finalmente se hizo una comparación de los resultados obtenidos con la situación diagnosticada en el que se determinaron que los resultados obtenidos ayudaron a reducir los retrabajos y a mejorar la situación analizada en el área

Eosinophilic Disorders: Extrinsic and Intrinsic Immune Response, New Diagnostic Perspectives, and Therapeutic Alternatives

Eosinophils are immune response cells located in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes, among others; an increase in the number of eosinophils in the peripheral blood above 5000/mm3 is associated with conditions ranging from infections (bacterial and parasitic) and allergy (asthma, rhinitis, or drugs), even neoplasms. Various study groups have classified them according to their etiology, thus facilitating their diagnosis and treatment. The WHO divides them as primary and secondary and also considers the number of eosinophils/mm3 and the involvement of white organs, while others have divided them into intrinsic and extrinsic. The former include mutations in the pluripotential hematopoietic cells, which lead to chronic myeloid leukemias with clonal expansion of eosinophils and extrinsic ones where the changes are related to a TH2 response activated by different cytosines such as IL-5. Current treatments are specifically aimed at modifying the clonal expansion of eosinophils with corticosteroids, hydroxyurea, interferon (peg) alpha, imatinib, among others, and bone marrow transplantation, while in extrinsic alterations corticosteroids and IL inhibitors are used −5 (mepolizumab)

miR-146a is a pivotal regulator of neutrophil extracellular trap formation promoting thrombosis.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) induce a procoagulant response linking inflammation and thrombosis. Low levels of miR-146a, a brake of inflammatory response, are involved in higher risk for cardiovascular events, but the mechanisms explaining how miR-146a exerts its function remain largely undefined. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of miR-146a deficiency in NETosis both, in sterile and non-sterile models in vivo, and to inquire into the underlying mechanism. Two models of inflammation were performed: 1) Ldlr-/- mice transplanted with bone marrow from miR-146a-/- or wild type (WT) were fed high-fat diet, generating an atherosclerosis model; and 2) an acute inflammation model was generated by injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 mg/Kg) into miR-146a-/- and WT mice. miR-146a deficiency increased NETosis in both models. Accordingly, miR-146a-/- mice showed significant reduced carotid occlusion time and elevated levels of NETs in thrombi following FeCl3-induced thrombosis. Infusion of DNAse I abolished arterial thrombosis in WT and miR-146a-/- mice. Interestingly, miR-146a deficient mice have aged, hyperreactive and pro-inflammatory neutrophils in circulation that are more prone to form NETs independently of the stimulus. Furthermore, we demonstrated that community acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients with reduced miR-146a levels associated with the T variant of the functional rs2431697, presented an increased risk for cardiovascular events due in part to an increased generation of NETs.This work was supported by research grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional “Investing in your future” (PI17/00051 y PI17/01421) (PFIS18/0045: A.M. de los Reyes-García) (CD18/00044: S. Águila), and Fundación Séneca (19873/GERM/15). The CNIC is supported by the ISCIII, the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU), and the Fundación Pro CNIC, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505). A.B. Arroyo has a research fellowship from Sociedad Española de Trombosis y Hemostasia (SETH). The MCIU supported A.dM. (predoctoral contract BES-2014-067791).S

Vejez y vulnerabilidad. Retratos de casos y perfiles de estudio en contextos diversos: grandes regiones, localidades rurales y territorios migrantes

México está inmerso en una acelerada transición demográfica, es el séptimo lugar entre los países con envejecimiento acelerado en Latinoamérica, con 9.7% de adultos mayores de 60 años (CONAPO, 2013). La investigación en nuestro país en torno a los sectores envejecidos tiene ya más de un cuarto de siglo, y ha contribuido al desarrollo de los estudios sobre este grupo de la población bajo las tendencias no sólo locales y regionales, sino también internacionales; respondiendo a las necesidades sociales que se modifican a través de la historia.Desde el área de especialización de cada autor, se pone particular atención en las condiciones de la vida cotidiana y las estrategias que se generan para enfrentar y reducir la vulnerabilidad, así como en los retos que se afrontarán por e l tendiente proceso de envejecimiento de la población, principalmente en los ámbitos socioculturales y de salud.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Méxic