Essential oils: in vitro biological activity and their potential application to food packaging

Os óleos essenciais (OEs) são metabólitos secundários, produzidos por plantas aromáticas e medicinais, com propriedades biológicas interessantes como a capacidade antimicrobiana e antioxidante. Neste trabalho, foi determinada a atividade antimicrobiana e a capacidade antioxidante dos OEs de manjericão (Ocimum basilicum), canela (Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Presl e Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) e alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). O OE da C. cassia mostrou ter a melhor atividade antimicrobiana contra Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e Penicillium spp. enquanto o óleo de C. Zeylanicum exibiu a melhor capacidade antioxidante pelo método da captação do DPPH• (radical 2,2-difenil- 1-picrilhidrazil) e pelo ensaio do branqueamento do -caroteno. No entanto, todos os OEs analisados apresentaram boa atividade biológica, revelando um grande potencial para serem aplicados como aditivos naturais, diretamente aos alimentos ou, indiretamente, a embalagens ativas.Essential oils are secondary metabolites, produced by aromatic and medicinal plant species, with interesting biological properties such as antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. In this research the antimicrobial and antioxidant capacities of the essential oils of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Presl and Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) were evaluated. C. cassia essential oil presented the highest antimicrobial against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Penicillium spp. while the C. zeylanicum essential oil presented the highest antioxidant capacity by the DPPH• (2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical) scavenging method and the -carotene bleaching assay. However, all the analysed essential oils presented high biological activity, revealing a great potential to be applied as food additives, directly to food or, indirectly, to active packaging.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O USO DE VÍDEOS NA INTERNET COMO BRECHAS PARA PENSAR O DESCOMPASSO E O DESTEMPO NA COMUNICAÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO: A EXPERIÊNCIA DOS ALUNOS DO COLÉGIO ESTADUAL DO PARANÁ // THE USE OF ONLINE VIDEOS AS GAPS TO THINK THE MISMATCHES AND ‘DESTEMPO’ AT COMMUNICATION

A proposta deste artigo é analisar como as tecnologias digitais contribuíram para ressignificar identidades e para potencializar a representatividade dos alunos do Colégio Estadual do Paraná que participaram das manifestações dos professores da rede estadual de ensino durante a greve desta categoria, em 2015. O recorte da investigação teve como foco a apropriação da linguagem audiovisual pelos estudantes e sua interface com o universo tecnológico e com a escola. O estudo utilizou como recurso metodológico uma entrevista semiestruturada com um grupo de alunos e a base teórica tensionou conceitos de Martín-Barbero (2004 e 2014), Orozco Gómez (2006) e Stuart Hall (2014), como comunicação e educação, descompasso, destempo, reconhecimento e identidade. As considerações finais apontam a tecnologia como uma das trilhas para os novos modos de sentir e de aprender, potencializando, assim, a ressignificação das identidades desses jovens e suas representatividades por meio do reconhecimento, do pertencimento e das novas formas de relação professor e aluno. Abstract The proposal of this paper is to analyse how the digital techonologies contributed to resignify identities and potentialize the representativity of the students of Colégio Estadual do Paraná who participated at the manifestations of teachers of the State teaching system during the strike of the category, in 2015. The research focused on the appropriation of audiovisual language by the students and its interface with the techonological universe and the school. The study used as methodological resource a semi-structured interview with a group of students and the theoretical basis brought together concepts from Martín-Barbero (2004 e 2014), Orozco Gómez (2006) e Stuart Hall (2014), such as communication and education, mismatches, destempo, recognition and identity. The final considerations point technology as one of the tracks to the new ways of feeling and learning, potentiating, therefore, the resignifying of identities of these young men and women and their representativities through recognition, belonging and new possibilites for the relation teacher-student

Modulação dos receptores de hormônio tireoidiano, TRα e TRβ, utilizando diferentes doses de triiodotironina (T3) em diferentes tempos

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of different doses of triiodothyronine (T3) on mRNA levels of thyroid hormone receptors, TRα and TRβ, at different times. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 3T3-L1 adipocytes were incubated with T3 (physiological dose: F; supraphysiological doses: SI or SII), or without T3 (control, C) for 0.5, 1, 6, or 24h. TRα and TRβ mRNA was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: F increased TRβ mRNA levels at 0.5h. After 1h, TRα levels increased with F and SI and TRβ levels decreased with SII compared with C, F, and SI. After 6h, both genes were suppressed at all concentrations. In 24h, TRα and TRβ levels were similar to those of C group. CONCLUSIONS: T3 action with F began at 1h for TRα and at 0.5h for TRβ. These results suggest the importance of knowing the times and doses that activate T3 receptors in adipocytes.OBJETIVO: Examinar o efeito de diferentes doses de triiodotironina (T3) sobre a expressão gênica dos receptores TRα e TRβ em diferentes tempos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Adipócitos, 3T3-L1, foram incubados com T3 nas doses fisiológica (F, 10nM) e suprafisiológicas (SI, 100nM ou SII, 1000nM) ou veículo (controle, C) durante 0,5, 1, 6 ou 24h. mRNA dos TRs foram detectados utilizando PCR em tempo real. RESULTADOS: Níveis de TRβ aumentaram em F em 0,5h. Após 1h, níveis de TRα aumentaram em F e SI comparado ao C, enquanto TRβ diminuiu no SII comparado com C, F, e SI. Após 6h, ambos os genes foram suprimidos em todas concentrações. Em 24h, níveis de TRα e TRβ retornaram aos do C. CONCLUSÕES: Ação do T3 em F iniciou-se em 1h para TRα e 0,5h para TRβ. Esses resultados são importantes para determinar tempo inicial e dose de T3 em que os receptores de HT são ativados em adipócitos.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Unesp Botucatu Medicine School Department of Internal ClinicUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of PhysiologyUnesp Biosciences Institute Department of BiostatisticsUNIFESP, Department of PhysiologySciEL

Expectativa com o mercado de trabalho e satisfação: um estudo comparativo com iniciantes e concluintes de cursos técnicos federais em administração e informática / Labor market expectation and satisfaction: a comparative study of beginners and finishers of federal business administration and computer science courses

Esta pesquisa buscou analisar o nível de satisfação dos alunos do IFRN no Campus avançado Lajes/RN e suas expectativas sobre o mercado de trabalho. O estudo apresenta abordagem mista e teve como instrumento de pesquisa um questionário in loco. Posteriormente, foi feita a tabulação e análise de dados quantitativos com auxílio do Excel® 2016, com uso de estatística descritiva e testes de comparação de médias. As questões qualitativas foram analisadas com auxílio da ferramenta Word Cloud Generator®. Sobre o perfil do público pesquisado, é possível dizer que os entrevistados estão na faixa etária entre 14 e 22 anos; em sua maioria apresentam renda familiar de até R$ 937,00 mensais. As médias foram avaliadas para doze itens, que caracterizam as expectativas em relação ao mercado de trabalho e satisfação a respeito da instituição. Os alunos têm satisfação contínua em relação aos serviços prestados pelos professores e instituição, apresentando expectativa negativa em relação ao mercado de trabalho. Além disso, foi evidenciado que não existe diferença de opinião entre os alunos de primeiro e terceiro ano. Fica evidenciado que as ações de integração e engajamento culminam em alta satisfação desde o início do curso técnico, perdurando até o último ano. Em relação a regularidade da baixa expectativa,recomenda-se que a instituição desenvolva ações como feiras de profissões, formações continuadas e articule acordos institucionais com profissionais locais, aproximando instituição e comunidade.   

Ethno-zootechny and its relationship with traditional knowledge in family farming / A etnozootecnia e sua relação com os saberes tradicionais do agricultor familiar

Ethno-zootechny is a contemporary science, an analytical instrument for rescuing knowledge and its relationship with society's culture. The work aimed to analyze the perception and understanding of rural family's livestock about the ethno-zootechny concepts in the social, economic, and environmental scope in the Northwest of Minas Gerais. To this end, research was conducted using a semi-structured script involving 50 farmers, representatives of rural producers' families during 2019. Subsequently, the data obtained were analyzed in the light of a statistical and descriptive approach to the results. A cluster analysis was performed by the hierarchical method using the Ward model. The results indicate that the interviewees feel devalued by society as producers, on the other hand, maintain that the current condition of cattle ranchers is related to the intangible elements: inheritance of property, way of life, tradition, and preservation of rural values. The research pointed out that the form of knowledge acquisition encompasses a traditional process of transmitting knowledge across generations. The survey demonstrates a low level of technical assistance in the interviewed properties. It is concluded that the main form of knowledge transmission is generational. There is a confrontation between the old and the modern because of inherited and acquired rationalities and resistance with the new production technologies in family production units in the Northwest of Minas Gerais

Effect of low-level laser therapy on pain, quality of life and sleep in patients with fibromyalgia: study protocol for a double-blinded randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been widely used as adjuvant strategy for treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. The light-tissue interaction (photobiostimulation) promotes analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and improves tissue healing, which could justify the recommendation of this therapy for patients with fibromyalgia, leading to an improvement in pain and possibly minimizing social impact related to this disease. The present study proposes to evaluate the effect of LLLT on tender points in patients with fibromyalgia, correlating this outcome with quality of life and sleep. METHODS/DESIGN: One hundred and twenty patients with fibromyalgia will be treated at the Integrated Health Center and the Sleep Laboratory of the Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences of the Nove de Julho University located in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. After fulfilling the eligibility criteria, a clinical evaluation and assessments of pain and sleep quality will be carried out and self-administered quality of life questionnaires will be applied. The 120 volunteers will be randomly allocated to an intervention group (LLLT, n = 60) or control group (CLLLT, n = 60). Patients from both groups will be treated three times per week for four weeks, totaling twelve sessions. However, only the LLLT group will receive an energy dose of 6 J per tender point. A standardized 50-minute exercise program will be performed after the laser application. The patients will be evaluated regarding the primary outcome (pain) using the following instruments: visual analog scale, McGill Pain Questionnaire and pressure algometry. The secondary outcome (quality of life and sleep) will be assessed with the following instruments: Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Berlin Questionnaire, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and polysomnography. ANOVA test with repeated measurements for the time factor will be performed to test between-groups differences (followed by the Tukey-Kramer post hoc test), and a paired t test will be performed to test within-group differences. The level of significance for the statistical analysis will be set at 5% (P ≤0.05). TRIAL REGISTRATION: The protocol for this study is registered with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials – ReBEC (RBR-42gkzt

Produção de frango caipirão como alternativa de renda para a agricultura familiar no noroeste de Minas- MG

Many family farmers use cooperativism as a tool to strengthen productive environments and envision productive diversification as an income generation strategy. This study analyzed the diversification project promoted by CAPUL in 2020, in the municipality of Arinos - MG, focusing on the production of free-range birds (Gallus gallus domesticus) to supply the demand for school meals and local commerce. The objective of this study was to analyze the economic and social impacts that the project generated in the lives of family farmers and elucidate the relevance of cooperativism for the promotion of productive diversification, as well as to highlight the detachments and obstacles that existed during the execution of the project. The self-administered questionnaire was used as the primary data source, considering a universe of 14 family farmers. The data were obtained through qualitative and quantitative instruments and were tabulated using the Microsoft Excel program. For descriptive statistical analysis of the results, a cluster analysis was used with the hierarchical method by the Ward model. It is concluded with this research that the project entitled Frango Caipirão CAPUL caused impacts on the lives of family farmers and that the cooperative, through its ATER actions, exerted influences on the social and economic reproduction of the participants of that study, contributing to the strengthening family farming. It is implied, therefore, that other actions in the same segment can use this master's dissertation as a guideline.Muitos agricultores familiares empregam o cooperativismo como uma ferramenta para o fortalecimento dos meios produtivos e vislumbram a diversificação produtiva como uma estratégia de geração de renda. Este estudo analisou o projeto de diversificação promovido pela CAPUL no ano de 2020, no município de Arinos – MG, com foco na produção de aves caipiras (Gallus domesticus) para abastecimento da demanda para alimentação escolar e comércio local. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar os impactos econômicos e sociais que o projeto gerou na vida dos agricultores familiares e elucidar a relevância do cooperativismo para a promoção da diversificação produtiva, bem como evidenciar os desprendimentos e entraves que existiram durante a execução do projeto. Utilizou-se como fonte de dados primários o questionário autoaplicável, considerando um universo de 13 agricultores familiares. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de instrumentos de cunho qualitativo e quantitativo e foram tabulados por meio do programa Microsoft Excel, para análise estatística descritiva dos resultados utilizou-se uma análise de cluster com o método hierárquico pelo modelo Ward. Conclui-se com essa pesquisa, que o projeto intitulado Frango Caipirão CAPUL causou impactos na vida dos agricultores familiares e que a cooperativa por meio das suas ações de ATER exerceu influências no modo de reprodução social e econômica dos participantes do referido estudo, contribuindo para o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar. Implica-se, portanto, que outras ações do mesmo segmento podem utilizar este artigo como eixo norteador

Low-Level Laser Application in the Early Myocardial Infarction Stage Has No Beneficial Role in Heart Failure

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been targeted as a promising approach that can mitigate post infarction cardiac remodeling. There is some interesting evidence showing that the beneficial role of the LLLT could persist long-term even after the end of the application, but it remains to be systematically evaluated. Therefore, the present study aimed to test the hypothesis that LLLT beneficial effects in the early post-infarction cardiac remodeling could remain in overt heart failure even with the disruption of irradiations. Female Wistar rats were subjected to the coronary occlusion to induce myocardial infarction or Sham operation. A single LLLT application was carried out after 60 s and 3 days post-coronary occlusion, respectively. Echocardiography was performed 3 days and at the end of the experiment (5 weeks) to evaluate cardiac function. After the last echocardiographic examination. LV hemodynamic evaluation was performed at baseline and on sudden afterload increases. Compared with the Sham group, infarcted rats showed increased systolic and diastolic internal diameter as well as a depressed shortening fraction of LV. The only benefit of the LLLT was a higher shortening fraction after 3 days of infarction. However, treated-LLLT rats show a lower shortening fraction in the 5th week of study when compared with Sham and non-irradiated rats. A worsening of cardiac function was confirmed in the hemodynamic analysis as evidenced by the higher LV end-diastolic pressure and lower +dP/dt and dP/dt with five weeks of study. Cardiac functional reserve was also impaired by infarction as evidenced by an attenuated response of stroke work index and cardiac output to a sudden afterload stress, without LLLT repercussions. No significant differences were found in the myocardial expression of Akti NEGF pathway. Collectively, these findings illustrate that LLLT improves LV systolic function in the early post-infarction cardiac remodeling. However, this beneficial effect may be dependent on the maintenance of phototherapy. Long-term studies with LLLT application are needed to establish whether these effects ultimately translate into improved cardiac remodeling.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoFAPESPNove de Julho Univ, Lab Biophoton, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Lab Cardiac Physiol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilNove de Julho Univ, Program Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Judas Tadeu, Brazil Phys Educ & Aging Sci Program, Translat Physiol Lab, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Lab Cardiac Physiol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilCNPq: 4400851/2014-8FAPESP: 09-54225/8FAPESP: 15/11028-9Web of Scienc

Avaliação físico-química de leites fermentados comercializados em Diamantina – MG / Physicochemical evaluation of fermented milks marketed in Diamantina– MG

Leite fermentado é um alimento obtido pela diminuição do pH do leite por meio da fermentação lática de micro-organismos. Objetivou-se avaliar as características físico-químicas de pH e cor de duas diferentes marcas de leites fermentados encontrados no mercado varejista de Diamantina – MG. Os valores de pH e os parâmetros L* e a* da análise de cor apresentaram diferença significativa (p0,05) entre as duas marcas, enquanto para o parâmetro b*isso não foi observado