Usando la Web 2.0 en la distribución de puestos de prácticas en Enfermería: proyecto piloto

Las prácticas clínicas de Enfermería, son un elemento fundamental para el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje de los estudiantes de Grado en Enfermería. En estos entornos, los estudiantes toman contacto con su futura profesión aplicando los conocimientos teóricos y desarrollando habilidades para la prestación de cuidados a los pacientes. En este trabajo de investigación acción, se describen y aportan resultados de las dos etapas determinadas en este estudio piloto. En primer lugar, se estudia y analiza la opinión de una muestra accidental de estudiantes del grado en Enfermería sobre la organización y distribución de puestos de prácticas en este momento, empleando como instrumento un cuestionario de 15 ítems. Posteriormente y tras el análisis de los datos obtenidos en la fase previa, se decide diseñar y aplicar un instrumento basado en la Web 2.0 y se formula un protocolo en el que la elección de las unidades de prácticas las realiza la estudiante o el estudiante, siguiendo los pasos establecidos

Historia de la formación del recurso humano de enfermería en Venezuela

Nursing education has been immersed in the historical development of society and related variables - economic, social and political - that have influenced its development. Thus, to understand the present it is imperative to look to its past. This past shows us that nursing has evolved from a craft to a profession, but unlike other professions which since the beginning of the university have been constructed as such, nursing had to wait a long time to be taught at universities, which arose as human societies become more complex. People are required to learn a practice supported by a technique and even a theory on how to do it, and methods are needed to convey the knowledge. This requirement means that education is intentional, systematic and organized, which is influential in the creation of the university and later in the training of nurses. The following is a literature review of training for nurse practitioners of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.La educación en Enfermería ha estado inmersa en el devenir histórico de la sociedad y relacionada con variables: económicas, sociales y políticas que han influido en su desarrollo, por tal motivo para comprender el presente es imperativo volver la mirada al pasado. Este nos muestra que la enfermería ha pasado de ser un oficio a una profesión, pero a diferencia de otras profesiones que desde el comienzo de la universidad se erigen como tales, la enfermería por su parte tuvo que esperar mucho tiempo para poder llegar a las universidades, las cuales surgen en virtud de que las sociedades humanas se tornan más complejas, por lo que se requiere que las personas aprendan una práctica sustentada en una técnica y hasta en una teoría sobre cómo hacerlo, necesitando de métodos para transmitir el conocimiento. Esta necesidad hace que la educación tenga una intencionalidad, sistematización y organización, hecho que influye en la creación de la universidad y posteriormente en la formación de las enfermeras. A continuación se presenta una revisión bibliográfica de la formación de los profesionales en enfermería de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela

Oxidative stress is tightly regulated by cytochrome c phosphorylation and respirasome factors in mitochondria

Respiratory cytochrome c has been found to be phosphorylated at tyrosine 97 in the postischemic brain upon neuroprotective insulin treatment, but how such posttranslational modification affects mitochondrial metabolism is unclear. Here, we report the structural features and functional behavior of a phosphomimetic cytochrome c mutant, which was generated by site-specific incorporation at position 97 of p-carboxymethyl-l-phenylalanine using the evolved tRNA synthetase method. We found that the point mutation does not alter the overall folding and heme environment of cytochrome c, but significantly affects the entire oxidative phosphorylation process. In fact, the electron donation rate of the mutant heme protein to cytochrome c oxidase, or complex IV, within respiratory supercomplexes was higher than that of the wild-type species, in agreement with the observed decrease in reactive oxygen species production. Direct contact of cytochrome c with the respiratory supercomplex factor HIGD1A (hypoxia-inducible domain family member 1A) is reported here, with the mutant heme protein exhibiting a lower affinity than the wild-type species. Interestingly, phosphomimetic cytochrome c also exhibited a lower caspase-3 activation activity. Altogether, these findings yield a better understanding of the molecular basis for mitochondrial metabolism in acute diseases, such as brain ischemia, and thus could allow the use of phosphomimetic cytochrome c as a neuroprotector with therapeutic applications.España, Junta de Andalucía BIO-198España MINECO BFU2015-71017/BM

Opinión de los estudiantes sobre el Prácticum del Grado en Enfermería de la Universidad de Alicante

Los periodos del Prácticum dentro del Plan de Estudios del Grado en Enfermería son uno de los pilares esenciales para el proceso de aprendizaje y socialización de las/los alumnas/os. De esta manera, constituye el contexto que vincula el aprendizaje teórico con el práctico y con el desempeño profesional. En este trabajo nos hemos propuesto conocer la opinión de los estudiantes de tercer curso sobre distintos aspectos relacionados con el Prácticum del Grado en Enfermería. Constituirán la población a estudio las alumnas/os de tercer curso de la I promoción del Grado en Enfermería de la Universidad de Alicante. Para la recogida de datos se ha diseñado un cuestionario autoadministrado, anónimo y voluntario compuesto por 20 ítems que reflejan distintos aspectos relacionados con el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del Prácticum. El análisis de los datos obtenidos nos ofrecerá una visión general de la opinión de los alumnos sobre este periodo del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, que podría ser útil para diseñar propuestas de modificación que optimicen este entorno de aprendizaje

Sustainability indicator for the prevention of potential thermal interferences between groundwater heat pump systems in urban aquifers

The steady increase of geothermal systems using groundwater is compromising the renewability of the geothermal resources in shallow urban aquifers. To ensure sustainability, scientifically-based criteria are required to prevent potential thermal interferences between geothermal systems. In this work, a management indicator (balanced sustainability index, BSI) applicable to groundwater heat pump systems is defined to assign a quantitative value of sustainability to each system, based on their intrinsic potential to produce thermal interference. The BSI indicator relies on the net heat balance transferred to the terrain throughout the year and the maximum seasonal thermal load associated. To define this indicator, 75 heating-cooling scenarios based in 23 real systems were established to cover all possible different operational conditions. The scenarios were simulated in a standard numerical model, adopted as a reference framework, and thermal impacts were evaluated. Two polynomial regression models were used for the interpolation of thermal impacts, thus allowing the direct calculation of the sustainability indicator developed as a function of heating-cooling ratios and maximum seasonal thermal loads. The BSI indicator could provide authorities and technicians with scientifically-based criteria to establish geothermal monitoring programs, which are critical to maintain the implementation rates and renewability of these systems in the cities

Aprendizaje clínico

En el presente informe científico-técnico se introduce brevemente la temática de los proyectos desarrollados por la Red Aprendizaje Clínico del Proyecto Redes de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria 2014-15 de la Universidad de Alicante. Se presentan los objetivos, características de composición de la red, el modo de funcionamiento y la metodología de trabajo seguida. Se describe brevemente el desarrollo de los dos proyectos llevados a cabo. El primero de ellos sobre la evaluación del entorno de aprendizaje clínico por parte del alumnado de los estudios de Enfermería, estableciéndose una comparación entre la situación previa y la posterior a la Declaración de Bolonia. El segundo, sobre el desarrollo y aplicación de una herramienta basada en la Web 2.0 para la autoselección por parte del alumnado de puestos de prácticas curriculares en el Grado en Enfermería. Finalmente se exponen las principales conclusiones, las dificultades encontradas y las propuestas de mejora en previsión de continuidad de la red en el futuro

Phosphorylation disrupts long-distance electron transport in cytochrome c

It has been recently shown that electron transfer between mitochondrial cytochrome c and the cytochrome c1 subunit of the cytochrome bc1 can proceed at long-distance through the aqueous solution. Cytochrome c is thought to adjust its activity by changing the affinity for its partners via Tyr48 phosphorylation, but it is unknown how it impacts the nanoscopic environment, interaction forces, and long-range electron transfer. Here, we constrain the orientation and separation between cytochrome c1 and cytochrome c or the phosphomimetic Y48pCMF cytochrome c, and deploy an array of single-molecule, bulk, and computational methods to investigate the molecular mechanism of electron transfer regulation by cytochrome c phosphorylation. We demonstrate that phosphorylation impairs long-range electron transfer, shortens the long-distance charge conduit between the partners, strengthens their interaction, and departs it from equilibrium. These results unveil a nanoscopic view of the interaction between redox protein partners in electron transport chains and its mechanisms of regulation

The case of a southern European glacier disappearing under recent warming that survived Roman and Medieval warm periods

Mountain glaciers have generally experienced an accelerated retreat over the last three decades as a rapid response to current global warming. However, the response to previous warm periods in the Holocene is not well-described for glaciers of the of southern Europe mountain ranges, such as the Pyrenees. The situation during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (900-1300 CE) is particularly relevant since it is not certain whether the glaciers just experienced significant ice loss or whether they actually disappeared. We present here the first chronological study of a glacier located in the Central Pyrenees (N Spain), the Monte Perdido Glacier (MPG), carried out by different radiochronological techniques and their comparison with geochemical proxies with neighboring paleoclimate records. The result of the chronological model proves that the glacier endured during the Roman Period and the Medieval Climate Anomaly. The lack of ice from last 600 years indicates that the ice formed during the Little Ice Age has melted away. The analyses of the content of several metals of anthropogenic origin, such as Zn, Se, Cd, Hg, Pb, appear in low amounts in MPG ice, which further supports our age model in which the record from the industrial period is lost. This study confirms the exceptional warming of the last decades in the context of last two millennia. We demonstrate that we are facing an unprecedented retreat of the 55 Pyrenean glaciers which survival is compromised beyond a few decades

Sonidegib as a Locally Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma Therapy in Real-life Clinical Setting: A National Multicentre Study

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent cancer. A minority of BCCs have an aggressive behaviour (laBCC) and may require hedgehog pathway inhibitors such as sonidegib as its treatment. Objective: To describe the use of sonidegib in a large number of patients and provide more data on its real-life efficacy and safety profile.Methods: We conducted a retrospective and multicentric study that included patients treated with sonidegib. Epidemiological, effectiveness and safety data were collected.Results: A total of 82 patients with a mean age of 73.9 years were included. Ten patients had Gorlin syndrome. Median treatment duration was 6 months. Median follow-up duration was 34.2 months. Globally, 81.7% of the patients showed clinical improvement (52.4% partial response and 29.3% complete response), 12.2% clinical stability and 6.1% disease progression. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical improvement between the 24 h and 48 h sonidegib posology. After 6 months of treatment, 48.8% of the patients discontinued sonidegib. Prior vismodegib treatment and recurrent primary BCC were associated with a poorer response to sonidegib. At 6 months of treatment, 68.3% of the patients experienced at least one adverse effect. Conclusion: Sonidegib shows good effectiveness and acceptable safety profile in usual clinical practice.& COPY; 2023 AEDV. Published by Elsevier Espan & SIM;a, S.L.U.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)