A Review on Amiodarone as an Antiarrhythmic Drug

Antiarrhythmic drugs are used to suppress abnormal heart rhythms by different mechanisms. Amiodarone as an iodinated benzofuran derivative is a potent antiarrhythmic drug that is being used for the treatment of a wide variety of cardiac arrhythmias. Amiodarone has been reported to cause frequent and potentially serious toxicity. It was estimated that the prevalence of side effects was 15 % in the first year and increased to 50% with long-term therapy. Thyroid, lung, liver, ophthalmologic and neurologic systems can be affected by Amiodarone. Most of the adverse effects of the drug are related to its dosage and duration of administration. Therefore the effectiveness of Amiodarone in long-term treatment of patients with heart arrhythmia is limited because of the development of its adverse side effects

Reviewing of Published Studies on Health risk Management in Emergency and Disaster

Background: The need for comprehensive and more serious management of disasters and, consequently, the need for knowledge and how to use it in order to reduce the risk of disasters has increased. The importance of this issue is such that in 2016, the World Health Organization launched a research network related to health risk management in disasters. Accordingly, this study was conducted to review articles published in the field of health in emergency and disaster. Methods: In this study, the narrative review method has been used. The accessible articles published in the field of health Risk Management (health EDRM) from 2000 to 2019 were reviewed. Databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Medline, Magiran and SID were used. 24 studies had the inclusion criteria that were selected and analyzed. Data analysis was a qualitative content analysis in the form of components of health risk management in emergency and disasters. Results: Among the 24 studies reviewed, 21 articles were in English and 3 articles were in Persian. In addition, most of these studies were published in 2019. The articles were analyzed and reported in the form of components and functions of health risk management in emergency and disasters, published in 2019 by the World Health Organization. Conclusion: Studies show that the focus of most studies is on policies, strategies and legislation, planning and coordination, and less attention is paid to the components of risk communication and health services. Also, there are many research gaps and it is suggested that more research be done with more precise guidance

Local scour due to free fall jets in non-uniform sediment

AbstractThe results of experiments on the local scour due to free fall jets are presented in this paper. Experiments were conducted for various values of the densimetric Froude number, the relative tailwater depth, the relative drop height and the relative sediment size. It has been found that by increasing the sediment non-uniformity parameter the scour hole parameters decrease. Moreover, in non-uniform sediment, d90 can be used instead of d50 in the densimetric Froude number of the jet. By using the present and previous experimental data, new equations for the scour parameters were developed. The validity of the developed equations was checked by available prototype data on the scour depth

The dark side of leadership: A systematic review of creativity and innovation

It is believed that workplace creativity and innovation are fostered by positive leader behaviours and positive workplace relationships and hindered by the opposite. However, some challenge this view, arguing that creativity and innovation can actually be fostered when employees experience what is increasingly referred to as the dark side of leadership and workplace mistreatment. Research on this area is sparse, contradictory and overly confusing. We begin by defining the dark side of leadership and then provide a comprehensive systematic review of 145 empirical studies on the topic. We review research on a broad range of constructs related to leadership and workplace mistreatment, such as abusive supervision, authoritarian leadership, destructive leadership, narcissistic leadership and relationship conflict. Our review reports the main effects, summarizes the results of the mediating and moderating variables, and highlights methodological shortcomings of the past literature. On this basis, several recommendations are made to advance this field of research

Morphological changes of rabbit lacrimal gland cells from amiodarone administration

Background: Amiodarone is a drug that is used for treatment of cardiac arrhythmia after cardiac ischemia. This drug as β blocker decreases arrhythmia rate but it has many side effects on different tissues. Since there are rare reports about changes of lacrimal glands, this research has been carried out to study the morphological and ultrastructural changes of lacrimal gland cells after amiodarone administration. Methods: Male rabbits (n = 14) were divided into control and experimental groups. Experimental group were intra peritoneally injected with a daily single dose of 80 mg/kg amiodarone for two weeks. The control group only received normal saline. At the end of the injection period, the two groups were anesthetized and perfused with Karnovsky's fixative. The lacrimal glands were removed, fixed and then prepared for light and electron microscopic studies. Quantitative studies on lacrimal gland cell micrographs were performed by point counting method. The results were statistically compared between the two groups. Results: Light microscopic observation showed many secretory granules in the cytoplasm of the lacrimal gland cells, which were also seen in the lumen of acini. Ultrastructure study of these cells showed the presence of inclusions in their cytoplasm with homogenous and dense structure. In quantitative analysis, the volume fractions (Vv) of mitochondria and nucleus to the cell showed no differences between the two groups but the Vv of euchromatin to the nucleus was different (P<0.05 ). Conclusion: The presented results show adverse effects of amiodarone on rabbit lacrimal gland cells

Relationship between Social Identification and Sport Participation amongst Staff of Developmental and Maintenance of Sports in Iran

Social identification determined as one of the imperative factor that specialized one society from the another one. In fact, this factor has been impacted by various items such as sport participation and appears comprehensively. Sport participation has considerable influence on health of society and conducts individuals’ identification in different ways. In this regard, the present study focused on the relationship between social identification and sport participation amongst 270 staff who are working on developmental and maintenance of sports in Iran. The data has been got based on Social Identification (Safarnia, 1993), and Participation Motivation Questionnaire (PMQ; Gill et al., 1983). The results showed that the sport participation has meaningful relation with social identification. In reality, the staff who considered on team working as participation and supply this main factor on their daily life shown better social identification. Keywords: Social Identification, Sport Participation, Staff, Ira

The Role of Cultural Capital Sports Oriented on Workers’ Participation in the Newspaper in Tehran, Iran

Abstract This study examined the role of cultural capital sport oriented on workers' participation. The active presence of workers in different workplaces is very significant; additionally, consider their physical health is so imperative. Moreover, distinguishing the effective factors that can increase the amount of workers’ physical health and persuade them to exercise is essential; also, lack of attention to them leads to several difficulties. In the study, focused on 400 workers who worked fo r the newspaper in Tehran, Iran. One questionnaire for assessing demographic factors and cultural capital sport oriented were used. Findings of the study showed that  cultural capital sport oriented have significant relationship with workers’ participation. Also, body image determined as the first reason for sport among workers. In overall, the sport has a noticeable role in workers’ life and it can grow their mind and body health. In this regard, the head of workers should be developed some methods for introducing workers to the sport; likewise, determined valuable programs for them to increase physical power and growing muscles.  Keyword: Cultural Capital, Physical Education, Sport, Workers’ 

Determination of some nutritional value and organoleptic properties in fruity teas

Fruity teas are popular due to variety in sensory properties as well as their nutritional and therapeutical characteristics. Recently, the worldwide researches related to fruity teas have been considerably developed. In this work, effects of fruit type (apple, quince and pear) and brewing time (10 or 20 min) on some nutritional properties (Mg, Fe and Ca contents, sugars and protein percent) as well as on the sensory attributes of final products were investigated. No chemical preservative, flavoring gents and colorants were added for preparation of the samples. At the end of 10 min brewing, the highest extraction rates of Mg and protein, Fe and sugars, and Ca were observed for pear, apple, and quince, respectively. At the end of 20 min brewing, the greatest extraction rates of Mg and protein, sugars, and Ca were related to the pear, apple, and quince, respectively. Increasing the time of brewing up to 10 min although did not noticeably affect the extraction rate of nutrients from dried fruits (especially for protein content), significantly influence the sensory characteristics (flavor and color) of final products; so that those prepared by 20 min brewing had higher acceptability. Among the fruity teas produced by 20 min brewing, apple had the best sensory acceptability from flavor and color points of view. After that, pear tea from taste and quince tea from color standpoints were realized as the best samples

Impact of Gatorade Beverage on Elite Female Badminton Players' Performance

Sports beverages assumed as one the principle factor on players' performance, and impact on their indicators, noticeably. Gatorade beverage is one of this primary beverages that in present study focused on its impact on elite female badminton players' performance in Iran. In the present survey has been considered in 2 groups of Gatorade and control that included 79 participants. The data has been got based on 24 hours' recall questionnaire on three different days in every week. As well, skin folds' brachial triceps index was applied for body fat percent assessment. To quantity VO2max, Shuttle runs sub-maximal test was used. Also, for controlling fluid intake in every two groups based on players' body weight,150 ml per every 70 kg weight for every 15 minutes was recommended. Besides, for control of blood volume changes related to plasma blood glucose, hematocrit, hemoglobin, sodium, and potassium was measured during three time periods of zero, 30 minutes after the start and 90 minutes after the start. To end, to measure performance, standardized tests measure the indicators: aerobic power, speed, flexibilityy, agility, muscular strength, and endurance were used. The results showed that supply adequate water and fluids in during of sport, play a critical role in gaining the high level of female badminton players' performance. In truth, the players who supply enough water shown better performance as compared with those who provide Gatorade beverage