On optimal and suboptimal linear smoothing

Orthogonality principle and covariance equations for optimal and suboptimal linear smoothin

Application of statistical smoothing techniques to inertial navigation

Statistical smoothing techniques for inertial navigation system of ship

Some Aspects of Incentive-Based Optimal Pricing and Environmental Regulation with Asymmetric Information.

The paper aims to analyze the problem of regulating a pollution-generating single product monopolistic firm in the presence of information asymmetry about the firm?s cost performance. Following Boyer and Laffont (1999), incentive-based optimal regulation of the firm?s price/ output and the environmental performance is characterized when costs are increasing in output and declining in pollution generated during production. Further, the regulatory agency/ legislator may or may not be politically motivated. When he/ she is politically inclined, the process of lobbying assumes that interest groups offer monetary contributions to the regulatory agency or the legislator. These contributions from the lobby help fund election campaigns. Thus, he/ she no longer behaves as a benevolent maximizer of social welfare, but instead maximizes a weighted average of social welfare and welfare of the lobby. Two alternative cases are considered: one, where the lobby represents environmental interests alone, and another, where the lobby stands solely for firm?s/ industry?s interests. The analysis derives interesting implications for incentive-based regulation of the firm. In general, pricing and environmental performance are distorted for the inefficient firm type under asymmetric information to restrict rents accruing to the efficient firm type. In the presence of the environmental lobby, the politically inclined regulator imposes more stringent environmental regulation under both full information and incomplete information as compared to the no-lobbying case. Interestingly, lobbying by the firm/ industry group also induces the politically motivated regulator to have more restrictive environmental regulation, albeit it now combines it with a higher regulated output for the inefficient firm type under incomplete information vis-…-vis the case of no-lobbying activity.

Smoothing for time-varying systems using measurements containing colored noise

Optimal smoother derived for linear time-varying systems using measurements containing colored noise by means of calculus of variation

India’s Fifteenth General Election : Realities, Implications, Prospects

India’s fifteenth general election took place in five phases during April 16, 2009 and May 13, 2009, which witnessed 59.7 percent of the 714 million electorate voting. Coming 57 years after independent India voted to constitute its legislatures at both the levels, it indicated a number changes that voting behaviour has undergone in these years. The decline of the one-party dominant system brought about an era of coalition politics in national politics. State/Regional parties gained in prominence. This essay goes beyond looking at shifts and swings in voting behaviour in this election, contextualizing them in larger context of national politics as well as in the context of changes in the party system since independence. This seventh general election of a new era of Indian politics that has shaped in the past two decades, has witnessed a reassertion and strengthening of the Indian National Congress in particular and national parties in general, a plateauing of the state/regional parties, rise and stabilising of electoral volatility and strengthening of the larger national party in coalition politics despite cohabitation problems. The essay also contextualizes the elections and its results in the context of weakening of institutions in the country

India's Experiment with Revolution

Revolutionary marxist politics which from its appearance in the political rhetoric of the Naxalite movement in the 1960s has had a rollercoaster ride. Traveling from the south to the east, returning to the south and then gradually spreading to raise the specter of a north-south red corridor, it has created an apparition of revolution from time to time without being able to realise the dream so far. However, paradoxically Maoism has not only emerged and spread across the country – at present in sixteen states and 194 of the 610 districts – despite socialistic claims of the Indian state and competitive open and transparent election process in the polity in four distinct phases, it has elicited a dominantly security-centric response from the Indian state. The current phase of liberalisation and globalization of the Indian economy has created new contexts for its spread and consolidation. This paper puts this phenomenon and the questions it raises in historical, social, political and economic contexts

Literature Review on Design and Working of 3 Way Pilot Operated Diaphragm Controlled Hydraulic Control Valve

Most flow applications require regulating the flow of liquid and usually the parameter of flow is pressure. This paper focuses on the design assembly and working of a 3 way pilot operated diaphragm controlled hydraulic control valve. A 3 way pilot operated hydraulic control valve is used in this study for reducing the pressure on the main line, sustaining the pressure on the main line and quick pressure relief for a by-pass line. This study has been carried out on a 2” line with a bronze 2” diaphragm operated hydraulic control valve a brass pilot with pressure adjustment range of 0.7 bars to 6.5 bars. Through the study, I also found about the chaotic behaviour of the pilot with the sudden variation in the upstream pressure of the main line

Same Plant, Different Soil: Japan\u27s New Merger Guidelines Symposium on Competition Law and Policy in Developing Countries

Japan\u27s New Merger Guidelines ( New Merger Guidelines ), issued by the Japan Fair Trade Commission ( JFTC ) in May 2004, mark a turning point for antitrust in Japan. It is likely that Japan\u27s New Merger Guidelines will be seen as a model for legal transplants in the future. Despite the similarities between Japan\u27s New Merger Guidelines and the U.S. Horizontal Merger Guidelines ( U.S. Merger Guidelines ), Japan\u27s New Merger Guidelines are unlikely to be a success in the same way that the U.S. Merger Guidelines have been a success since their adoption by the American competition agencies. Although Japan is far from a developing nation or a transitional economy, Japan\u27s experience importing critical features of the U.S. Merger Guidelines canprovide useful lessons. For developing countries also undertaking major revisions to their competition laws, Japan\u27s experience may show that the text of a legal transplant is only one important consideration. Additionally, the context of competition law and the subtext of changes to the existing norms of economic regulation may be just as important to importing antitrust law into developing nations or transitional economies