Fungal inoculation effect on post-harvest sugarcane residue decomposition under field conditions

Fungal inoculation effect on post-harvest sugarcane residue (SCR) decomposition in field conditions was studied. In vitro interaction between selected fungi was determined by direct confrontation. Mycelial growth response to different concentrations of herbicides and urea was also assessed. Fungal combinations did not show inhibitory effects. Bjerkandera sp. Y-HHM2 and Myrothecium sp. S-3.20 growth decreased in 2.4-D agar plates. However, Pleurotus sp. Y- RN3 showed a stimulation in 10 ppm 2.4-D agar plates. The biggest growth in ametrine supplemented cultures was observed in Pleurotus sp. Y-RN3. Evaluation of increasing urea concentrations on mycelial growth showed that 5,000 ppm significantly inhibits mycelial growth. The field assay under rainfed condition showed that post-harvest SCR decomposition rate significantly increases in Y-HHM2, Y-RN3 and Y-HHM2/Y-RN3/S-3.20 treatments. This is the first report on the capability of Bjerkandera sp. Y-HHM2 and Pleurotus sp. Y-RN3 to accelerate post-harvest SCR decomposition in rainfed conditions at field scale, suggesting that these fungi might be useful tools in the sugarcane crop system.Fil: Maza, Marianela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia. Sanidad Vegetal. Cátedra Fitopatología; ArgentinaFil: Medina, M.. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; ArgentinaFil: Plasencia, Adriana María. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; ArgentinaFil: Amoroso, Maria Julia del R.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Yasem, Marta Graciela. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia. Sanidad Vegetal. Cátedra Fitopatología; Argentin

Retrato de resistencias en una fotografía de Augusto C. Sandino

Augusto C. Sandin

Effects of temperature on gene expression in embryos of the coral Montastraea faveolata

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Coral reefs are expected to be severely impacted by rising seawater temperatures associated with climate change. This study used cDNA microarrays to investigate transcriptional effects of thermal stress in embryos of the coral <it>Montastraea faveolata</it>. Embryos were exposed to 27.5°C, 29.0°C, and 31.5°C directly after fertilization. Differences in gene expression were measured after 12 and 48 hours.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Analysis of differentially expressed genes indicated that increased temperatures may lead to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and a structural reconfiguration of the cytoskeletal network. Metabolic processes were downregulated, and the action of histones and zinc finger-containing proteins may have played a role in the long-term regulation upon heat stress.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Embryos responded differently depending on exposure time and temperature level. Embryos showed expression of stress-related genes already at a temperature of 29.0°C, but seemed to be able to counteract the initial response over time. By contrast, embryos at 31.5°C displayed continuous expression of stress genes. The genes that played a role in the response to elevated temperatures consisted of both highly conserved and coral-specific genes. These genes might serve as a basis for research into coral-specific adaptations to stress responses and global climate change.</p

Soft leptogenesis in the inverse seesaw model

We consider leptogenesis induced by soft supersymmetry breaking terms ("soft leptogenesis"), in the context of the inverse seesaw mechanism. In this model there are lepton number (L) conserving and L-violating soft supersymmetry-breaking B-terms involving the singlet sneutrinos which, together with the -- generically small-- L-violating parameter responsible of the neutrino mass, give a small mass splitting between the four singlet sneutrino states of a single generation. In combination with the trilinear soft supersymmetry breaking terms they also provide new CP violating phases needed to generate a lepton asymmetry in the singlet sneutrino decays. We obtain that in this scenario the lepton asymmetry is proportional to the L-conserving soft supersymmetry-breaking B-term, and it is not suppressed by the L-violating parameters. Consequently we find that, as in the standard see-saw case, this mechanism can lead to sucessful leptogenesis only for relatively small value of the relevant soft bilinear coupling. The right-handed neutrino masses can be sufficiently low to elude the gravitino problem. Also the corresponding Yukawa couplings involving the lightest of the right-handed neutrinos are constrained to be \sum |Y_{1k}|^2\lesssim 10^{-7} which generically implies that the neutrino mass spectrum has to be strongly hierarchical.Comment: 28 pages, 1 figure; some references added; final version to appear in JHE

Expanding the I-II-V Phase Space: Soft Synthesis of Polytypic Ternary and Binary Zinc Antimonides

Soft chemistry methods offer the possibility of synthesizing metastable and kinetic products that are unobtainable through thermodynamically-controlled, high-temperature reactions. A recent solution-phase exploration of Li-Zn-Sb phase space revealed a previously unknown cubic half-Heusler MgAgAs-type LiZnSb polytype. Interestingly, this new cubic phase was calculated to be the most thermodynamically stable, despite prior literature reporting only two other ternary phases (the hexagonal half-Heusler LiGaGe-type LiZnSb, and the full-Heusler Li2ZnSb). This surprising discovery, coupled with the intriguing optoelectronic and transport properties of many antimony containing Zintl phases, required a thorough exploration of syn-thetic parameters. Here, we systematically study the effects that different precursor concentrations, injection order, nucleation and growth temperatures, and reaction time have on the solution-phase synthesis of these materials. By doing so, we identify conditions that selectively yield several unique ternary (c-LiZnSb vs. h*-LiZnSb), binary (ZnSb vs. Zn8Sb7), and metallic (Zn, Sb) products. Further, we find one of the ternary phases adopts a variant of the previously observed hexagonal LiZnSb struc-ture. Our results demonstrate the utility of low temperature solution phase—soft synthesis—methods in accessing and mining a rich phase space. We anticipate that this work will motivate further exploration of multinary I-II-V compounds, as well as encourage similarly thorough investigations of related Zintl systems by solution phase methods

The Role of the Entorhinal Cortex in Extinction: Influences of Aging

The entorhinal cortex is perhaps the area of the brain in which neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques are first detectable in old age with or without mild cognitive impairment, and very particularly in Alzheimer's disease. It plays a key role in memory formation, retrieval, and extinction, as part of circuits that include the hippocampus, the amygdaloid nucleus, and several regions of the neocortex, in particular of the prefrontal cortex. Lesions or biochemical impairments of the entorhinal cortex hinder extinction. Microinfusion experiments have shown that glutamate NMDA receptors, calcium and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, and protein synthesis in the entorhinal cortex are involved in and required for extinction. Aging also hinders extinction; it is possible that its effect may be in part mediated by the entorhinal cortex

Representación e ideologías: historiografía gráfica de la arquitectura de la tradición y la vanguardia, para una instrumentación en la enseñanza

Ponencia presentada en el VII Encuentro de Docentes e Investigadores en Historia del Diseño, la Arquitectura y Ciudad. Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. 2016La historiografía indaga en el estudio, análisis e interpretación de la Historia: el cómo loshistoriadores escriben la Historia.La historiografía del arte y la arquitectura han seguido pautas comunes de valoración, segúnMarina Waisman, compartiendo similares unidades cronológicas y teóricas. A mediados delsiglo XX, la historiografía arquitectónica considera que los discursos escritos permitían unalectura más crítica de la historia, y sobre todo, de la modernidad. En este nuevo enfoque de laconstrucción de esta historia, posiblemente el gráfico no ha tomado aún el protagonismo quemerece en un área donde la imagen implica declaraciones de principios e ideologías.Argentina, Siglo XX, 1ª. Parte: ¿Cómo se describe, grafica y relaciona socialmente una obra dearquitectura? ¿Cómo analizar la ideología de la modernidad y de la tradición neocolonial desdela historiografía gráfica?http://rephip.unr.edu.ar/handle/2133/6794Fil: Medina, María Verónica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Santiá, Silvia M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Costanzo, Silvia Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Carmignani, Mara Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Rosa, Claudia B. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Rosa, Jimena. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Pezza, Agustina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Garnero, Julia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Mansilla, Sandra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Esquivel, Laura. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaCiencias Sociales Interdisciplinaria